bm3d-cupy 0.1.3

GPU-accelerated BM3D denoising with CuPy

BM3D with CuPy

This repository contains a GPU-accelerated implementation of BM3D using CuPy. The main script is bm3d_cupy.py, which provides a function bm3d_gpu that can be used to denoise 2D images of shape (H, W) or (H, W, C) on the GPU. The bm3d_cupy_benchmark.py script benchmarks the performance of the GPU implementation against the CPU version.

This implementation is intended to be as close as possible to the reference CPU implementation in the official BM3D implementation, which can be found here. Most of the transforms used in this implementation are exactly the same as the official implementation.

Different transforms than the default can also be used. However, you would need to change the code yourself:

# 2d transforms (along spatial dimensions)
spatial_ht, spatial_ht_inv = _transform_matrices(p, 'bior1.5')  # biorthogonal WT, (p, p)
spatial_wiener, spatial_wiener_inv = _transform_matrices(p, 'dct')  # DCT, (p, p)
# 1d transforms (along group dimension)
group_ht, group_ht_inv = _transform_matrices(ht_group_size, 'haar')  # Haar, (k_ht, k_ht)
group_wiener, group_wiener_inv = _transform_matrices(wiener_group_size, 'haar')  # Haar, (k_w, k_w)

The purpose of this implementation is to provide a fast and GPU-accelerated version of BM3D, which is beneficial for fast prototyping and, in particular, for integration as a plug-and-play prior into an iterative image reconstruction algorithm that is already implemented on the GPU (e.g., SigPy).

Installation

To install from PyPI, the distribution name is bm3d-cupy and the import name is bm3d_cupy. To use this package with CUDA 13, use:

pip install "bm3d-cupy[cuda13]"

To use this package with CUDA 12, use:

pip install "bm3d-cupy[cuda12]"

Usage

import cupy as cp
import numpy as np
from skimage.data import cat

from bm3d_cupy import bm3d_gpu


rng = np.random.default_rng(seed=0)


x = cat().astype('float32') / 255.0
sigma = 0.1
y = (x + rng.standard_normal(x.shape).astype('float32') * sigma).astype('float32')

y_gpu = cp.asarray(y)
sigma_gpu = cp.asarray(sigma, dtype=cp.float32)
z_gpu = bm3d_gpu(y_gpu, sigma_gpu)
z = cp.asnumpy(z_gpu)

Result

On an NVIDIA RTX 6000 Ada, the GPU implementation achieves a speedup of 15.91x compared to the reference CPU implementation for the cat image.

BM3D (CPU) time: 3.0155 (0.0226) s
  PSNR: 30.85 dB
  SSIM: 0.8194


BM3D (GPU) time: 0.1881 (0.0004) s
  Speedup: 16.03x
  PSNR: 30.90 dB
  SSIM: 0.8228

The argument chunk_size determines the number of groups to be processed in parallel on the GPU. A larger chunk_size increases GPU memory usage but can improve speed. However, in practice, extremely large chunk_size leads to poor speed, possibly due to overhead. The default value of chunk_size=2048 is set according to the experiment shown above run on the RTX 6000 Ada GPU. You may need to adjust it for different GPUs and images.

Acknowledgement

If you use this package, reference to the original authors (see below) is recommended.

K. Dabov, A. Foi, V. Katkovnik, and K. Egiazarian, “Image Denoising by Sparse 3-D Transform-Domain Collaborative Filtering,” IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, vol. 16, no. 8, pp. 2080–2095, Aug. 2007, doi: 10.1109/TIP.2007.901238.