Bona

The Joern for cloud — builds an Asset Property Graph from AWS Config and exports Joern-compatible nodes.json + edges.json.

Bona discovers your cloud infrastructure via AWS Config's advanced SQL queries and produces a typed property graph that can be loaded into Amazon Neptune, the GraphRAG Toolkit, Neo4j, or any tool that consumes flat JSON node/edge format. The output schema is inspired by Joern's cpg_exporter.py — same flat structure, applied to cloud assets instead of code.

Installation

pip install bona

Requires Python 3.11+ and valid AWS credentials with config:SelectResourceConfig permissions.

Quick Start

Export — full infrastructure graph

# Export all resources in a region
bona export --profile myprofile --region us-east-1

# Filter to specific resource types (supports globs)
bona export --profile myprofile --region us-east-1 --types "AWS::EC2::*,AWS::S3::*"

# Multi-region export
bona export --profile myprofile --region us-east-1,us-west-2,eu-west-1

# Multi-account via aggregator
bona export --profile myprofile --region us-east-1 --aggregator MyOrgAggregator

# Include compliance findings as graph nodes
bona export --profile myprofile --region us-east-1 --include-compliance

# Upload to S3
bona export --profile myprofile --region us-east-1 --s3-uri s3://my-bucket/apg/

History — temporal graph (config changes over time)

# Get configuration history for a specific resource
bona history --profile myprofile --region us-east-1 \
  --resource-type AWS::EC2::Instance \
  --resource-id i-0abc123def456

# Limit to last 5 snapshots
bona history --profile myprofile --region us-east-1 \
  --resource-type AWS::S3::Bucket \
  --resource-id my-bucket-name \
  --limit 5

Types — list tracked resource types

# Show all resource types tracked by AWS Config in a region
bona types --profile myprofile --region us-east-1

Schema — download type definitions

# Download CloudFormation type schemas to local cache
bona schema --profile myprofile --region us-east-1

# Specific types
bona schema --profile myprofile --region us-east-1 --types "AWS::S3::Bucket,AWS::EC2::Instance"

# All types tracked by Config
bona schema --profile myprofile --region us-east-1 --types all

# Upload schema cache to S3
bona schema --profile myprofile --region us-east-1 --s3-uri s3://my-bucket/schemas/

Enrichment — type-aware graph

# Export with type schema enrichment (soft = uses cache, no extra AWS calls)
bona export --profile myprofile --region us-east-1 --enrich

# Hard enrichment (re-downloads schemas from CloudFormation)
bona export --profile myprofile --region us-east-1 --enrich hard

Enrichment adds TypeDefinition reference nodes and INSTANCE_OF edges to the graph:

[IAM Role "MyRole"] ──INSTANCE_OF──▶ [TypeDefinition "AWS::IAM::Role"]
[IAM Role "OtherRole"] ──INSTANCE_OF──▶ [TypeDefinition "AWS::IAM::Role"]
[S3 Bucket "data"] ──INSTANCE_OF──▶ [TypeDefinition "AWS::S3::Bucket"]

One TypeDefinition node per resource type carries the full schema contract (properties, required fields, read-only, identifiers).

Bedrock Discovery

Bona discovers your Amazon Bedrock environment — foundation models, agents, knowledge bases, prompts, guardrails, and AgentCore components:

bona export --profile myprofile --region us-east-1 --types "AWS::Bedrock::*"

What it discovers: 119+ foundation models, providers (Anthropic, Meta, Amazon, etc.), modalities (TEXT, IMAGE, EMBEDDING), model families, Bedrock Agents, Prompt Flows, and AgentCore resources.

Graph structure — model decomposition:

[Model "claude-3-sonnet"] ──PROVIDED_BY──▶ [Provider "Anthropic"]
[Model "claude-3-sonnet"] ──HAS_MODALITY──▶ [Modality "TEXT"]
[Agent "support-bot"] ──USES_MODEL──▶ [Model "claude-3-sonnet"]
[Agent "support-bot"] ──HAS_KB──▶ [KnowledgeBase "product-docs"]

See docs/bedrock-discovery.md for full details.

Configuration File

Control enrichment, output, and logging via bona.yaml:

logging:
  level: INFO                    # DEBUG | INFO | WARNING | ERROR
  path: ./bona.log               # local file or s3://bucket/logs/

enrichment:
  enabled: true
  mode: soft                     # soft | hard
  include:
    - "AWS::EC2::*"
    - "AWS::S3::*"
  exclude:
    - "AWS::CloudFormation::Stack"

output:
  dir: ./bona-output
  s3_uri: s3://my-bucket/apg/

schema_cache:
  s3_uri: s3://my-bucket/schemas/

learning:
  s3_uri: s3://my-bucket/bona-learning/  # uploads graph-schema, rules, descriptions

Place as ./bona.yaml (project-local), ~/.bona/config.yaml (user-level), or pass --config path/to/bona.yaml.

Learn Mode — evolving graph schema

Learn mode maintains a versioned schema of every node type and edge type Bona has ever observed. Each export run updates the schema with new types, properties, and relationship pairs — so over time you get a complete picture of your graph's shape without manual maintenance.

# Learn from an export (writes/updates ~/.bona/graph-schema.json)
bona export --profile myprofile --region us-east-1 --learn

# Combine with enrichment
bona export --profile myprofile --region us-east-1 --enrich --learn

The schema lives at ~/.bona/graph-schema.json (configurable via schema.path in bona.yaml).

Semver auto-bumping:

• MINOR bump — new node types, edge types, or relationship pairs discovered
• PATCH bump — only observation counts/timestamps updated

Example — what the schema captures:

{
  "version": "0.3.0",
  "last_updated": "2026-08-06T12:00:00Z",
  "node_types": {
    "AWS::EC2::Instance": {
      "observed_properties": ["imageId", "instanceType", "subnetId", "vpcId"],
      "observed_count": 42,
      "first_seen": "2026-08-01T10:00:00Z",
      "last_seen": "2026-08-06T12:00:00Z"
    }
  },
  "edge_types": {
    "IS_CONTAINED_IN": {
      "observed_pairs": [
        {"source_type": "AWS::EC2::Subnet", "target_type": "AWS::EC2::VPC"}
      ],
      "observed_count": 15
    }
  }
}

See docs/graph-schema.md for full details.

LLM Enrichment

LLM enrichment uses Amazon Bedrock to analyze resource properties and improve graph quality:

• Relationship classification — identifies properties that reference other resources and converts them into typed edges
• Description generation — produces human-readable summaries of resources for graph exploration and RAG

# Export with LLM enrichment
bona export --profile myprofile --region us-east-1 --llm-enrich

# Combine with schema enrichment and learn mode
bona export --profile myprofile --region us-east-1 --enrich --llm-enrich --learn

Configuration in bona.yaml:

llm_enrichment:
  model_id: anthropic.claude-3-haiku-20240307-v1:0
  tasks:
    - classify_relationships
    - generate_descriptions
  budget:
    max_invocations: 500        # cap per export run
    max_input_tokens: 100000    # total input token budget

Example — what LLM enrichment discovers:

# A securityGroupIds property gets classified as a relationship:
[Lambda "api-handler"] ──IS_ASSOCIATED_WITH──▶ [SG "sg-abc123"]

# A resource gets a generated description:
{ "description": "Production API handler Lambda in VPC, triggered by API Gateway, with DynamoDB access" }

See docs/llm-enrichment.md for full details.

Plugins

Bona uses a pluggy-based plugin system that lets you add new providers, supplemental enrichers, and relationship classifiers without modifying core bona code.

Install a plugin:

pip install bona-provider-xxx

Plugins are auto-discovered via Python entry points — no config changes needed.

Create a plugin:

# my_provider/plugin.py
import bona.hookspecs
from pluggy import HookimplMarker

hookimpl = HookimplMarker("bona")

@hookimpl
def bona_reference_providers():
    """Return a list of ReferenceProvider instances."""
    return [MyCustomProvider()]

Register via pyproject.toml:

[project.entry-points."bona"]
my_provider = "my_provider.plugin"

Available hooks:

See examples/bona-provider-example/ for a full working plugin example.

CLI Reference

bona [--verbose] [--config <path>] <command> [options]

Global:
  --verbose, -v         Enable debug logging (overrides config level to DEBUG)
  --config <path>       Path to bona config file (JSON or YAML)

Commands:
  export                Export Asset Property Graph (nodes.json + edges.json)
  schema                Download CloudFormation type schemas to local cache
  history               Export temporal graph — resource config over time
  types                 List resource types tracked by AWS Config
  cache                 Pre-populate local cache (instance types, etc.)

bona export

bona schema

bona history

bona types

Output Format

Bona produces two files: nodes.json and edges.json (plus a manifest.json summary).

nodes.json

Each node is a flat JSON object representing an AWS resource:

[
  {
    "id": "arn:aws:ec2:us-east-1:123456789012:instance/i-0abc123def456",
    "node_type": "AWS::EC2::Instance",
    "name": "web-server-1",
    "stable_id": "aws|123456789012|us-east-1|AWS::EC2::Instance|i-0abc123def456",
    "semantic_hash": "a1b2c3d4e5f6g7h8",
    "provider": "aws",
    "account_id": "123456789012",
    "region": "us-east-1",
    "resource_type": "AWS::EC2::Instance",
    "state": "ACTIVE",
    "tags": {"Name": "web-server-1", "Environment": "production"},
    "configuration_capture_time": "2026-08-05T12:00:00Z",
    "instanceType": "t3.medium",
    "vpcId": "vpc-abc123",
    "subnetId": "subnet-def456",
    "imageId": "ami-0123456789abcdef0"
  }
]

Key fields:

• id — ARN (globally unique identifier)
• node_type — AWS resource type (e.g. AWS::EC2::Instance)
• stable_id — deterministic identity for delta reconciliation across runs
• semantic_hash — SHA-256 of configuration; detects config drift
• state — ACTIVE, DELETED, or DISCOVERED
• All configuration properties are flattened to top-level keys (Joern style)

edges.json

Each edge represents a relationship between resources:

[
  {
    "source_id": "arn:aws:ec2:us-east-1:123456789012:instance/i-0abc123",
    "target_id": "arn:aws:ec2:us-east-1:123456789012:security-group/sg-xyz789",
    "edge_type": "IS_ASSOCIATED_WITH",
    "stable_id": "aws|123456789012|EDGE|IS_ASSOCIATED_WITH|i-0abc123→sg-xyz789"
  }
]

Edge types include:

• IS_CONTAINED_IN, CONTAINS — hierarchy (subnet in VPC)
• IS_ATTACHED_TO — resource attachments (volume to instance)
• IS_ASSOCIATED_WITH — associations (security group to instance)
• IN_VPC, IN_SUBNET — inferred from configuration properties
• USES_ROLE, ENCRYPTED_BY — inferred from IAM/KMS references
• ROUTES_TO, ATTACHED_TO, IN_CLUSTER — inferred from ARN references
• INSTANCE_OF — resource instance to its TypeDefinition (enrichment)
• RUNS_ON — EC2 instance to its InstanceSpec (supplemental enrichment)
• CHANGED_TO — temporal edges (history command)

Architecture

graph TD
    CLI[bona CLI] --> Config[Config<br/>bona.yaml]
    CLI --> Provider[AWSProvider]
    
    Provider --> Enumerate[1. Enumerate types]
    Provider --> Query[2. SQL query + backfill]
    Provider --> Extract[3. Extract relationships]
    Provider --> Enrich[4. Enrich via plugins]
    Provider --> Learn[5. Learn mode]
    Provider --> LLM[6. LLM enrichment]
    
    Enrich --> Plugins[Plugin Manager<br/>pluggy]
    Plugins --> TypeSchemas[Type Schemas<br/>CloudFormation]
    Plugins --> RefProviders[Reference Providers<br/>Bedrock, EC2 specs]
    Plugins --> External[External Plugins<br/>pip install]
    
    Provider --> Exporter[Exporter]
    Exporter --> NodesJSON[nodes.json]
    Exporter --> EdgesJSON[edges.json]
    Exporter --> S3[S3 Upload]
    
    Learn --> GraphSchema[graph-schema.json<br/>semver]
    Learn --> Rules[relationship-rules.json]
    LLM --> Descriptions[descriptions.json]
    
    subgraph AWS APIs
        ConfigAPI[AWS Config<br/>select_resource_config<br/>batch_get_resource_config]
        CFN[CloudFormation<br/>describe_type]
        Bedrock[Bedrock<br/>list_foundation_models<br/>bedrock-agent<br/>bedrock-agentcore]
        BedrockRT[Bedrock Runtime<br/>Converse API]
    end
    
    Query --> ConfigAPI
    TypeSchemas --> CFN
    RefProviders --> Bedrock
    LLM --> BedrockRT
    
    subgraph Consumers
        Neptune[Amazon Neptune]
        GraphRAG[GraphRAG Toolkit]
        Neo4j[Neo4j]
        Analytics[jq / pandas]
    end
    
    Exporter --> Consumers

Multi-Account via Aggregator

Use the --aggregator flag to query across multiple AWS accounts and regions using an AWS Config Aggregator:

bona export --profile management --region us-east-1 --aggregator MyOrgAggregator

This uses select_aggregate_resource_config instead of select_resource_config, returning resources from all accounts enrolled in the aggregator. Each node retains its original account_id and region.

See docs/multi-account.md for aggregator setup instructions.

Compatibility

Requirements

• Python 3.11+
• AWS credentials with permissions:
  • config:SelectResourceConfig
  • config:SelectAggregateResourceConfig (if using --aggregator)
  • config:GetResourceConfigHistory (for history command)
  • config:DescribeComplianceByResource (if using --include-compliance)
  • config:DescribeConfigRules (if using --include-compliance)
  • cloudformation:DescribeType (if using --enrich or bona schema)
  • ec2:DescribeInstanceTypes (if using EC2 supplemental enrichment)
  • bedrock-runtime:Converse (if using --llm-enrich)
  • sts:GetCallerIdentity
  • s3:PutObject (if using --s3-uri)
• AWS Config recorder must be enabled in target region(s)

License

MIT