cliify 0.3.5

Package for creating a CLI from classes

A flexible Python package for building command-line interfaces with object hierarchies, auto-completion, and dynamic parameter validation.

Features

• Object-oriented command structure

• Nested command hierarchies using subparsers

• Type hints and automatic type conversion

• Dynamic command completion

• Parameter validation and auto-completion

• Caching for improved performance

• Expression evaluation support

Installation

pip install cliify

Quick Start

Here’s a simple example showing the command parsing:

from cliify import command, commandParser

@commandParser
class Calculator:
    def getValidOperations(self):
        return ['+', '-', '*', '/']

    @command(completions={'operation': lambda self: self.getValidOperations()})
    def calculate(self, a: int, operation: str, b: int):
        """
        Calculate the result of an operation

        Args:
            a: First operand
            operation: Operation to perform
            b: Second operand

        """

        if operation == '+':
            return a + b
        elif operation == '-':
            return a - b
        elif operation == '*':
            return a * b
        elif operation == '/':
            return a / b

calc = Calculator()
#can use positional or named arguments
result = calc.parseCommand("calculate 5 + 3")  # Returns 8
result = calc.parseCommand("calculate a: 5, operation: + , b: 3")  # Returns 8
help = calc.getHelp("calculate")   # Return help message from docstring

Nested Commands

You can create hierarchical command structures with subparserss (supports single object or a dictionary of objects):

@commandParser()
class Device:
    def __init__(self, name):
        self.name = name
        self.value = 0

    @command(completions={'value': [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]})
    def setValue(self, value: int):
        self.value = value


@commandParser(subparsers=['devices'])
class Controller:
    def __init__(self):

        self.devices = {}

        self.singleDevice = Device("singleDevice")

    @command(help="Add a new device")               #help message can also be explicitly set
    def addDevice(self, name: str):
        self.devices[name] = Device(name)

    # Devices can have their own commands
    class DeviceCommands:
        @command(help="Set device value", completions={'value': [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]})
        def setValue(self, value: int):
            self.value = value


controller = Controller()

result = controller.parseCommand("addDevice device1")
result = controller.parseCommand("device1.setValue 3")
result = controller.parseCommand("singleDevice.setValue 3")

Dynamic Completions

The package supports various ways to define completions:

1. Static Lists:

class myController:

    self.mode = None
    self.min_value = 0
    self.max_value = 10

    #static list of values
    @command(completions={'mode': ['auto', 'manual', 'hybrid']})
    def setMode(self, mode: str):
        self.mode = mode

    def getAvailablePorts(self):
        return ['COM1', 'COM2', 'COM3']

    #method reference
    @command(completions={'port': 'getAvailablePorts'})
    def connect(self, port: str):
        self.port = port

    #lambda function
    @command(completions={'value': lambda self: range(self.min_value, self.max_value + 1)})
    def setValue(self, value: int):
        self.value = value


controller = myController()

completions = controller.getCompletions("setMode ")  # Returns ['mode']
completions = controller.getCompletions("setMode mode: ")  # Returns ['auto', 'manual', 'hybrid']

Caching and Performance

The completion tree can be cached for better performance:

controller = Controller()

# First call builds the tree
completions = controller.getCompletions("set", use_cache=True)

# Subsequent calls use cached tree
completions = controller.getCompletions("get", use_cache=True)

Use the @invalidatesTree decorator for methods that modify the command structure:

@invalidatesTree
def addCommand(self, name: str, command: Callable):
    self.commands[name] = command

Type Conversion

The parser automatically converts string inputs to the correct Python types based on type hints:

@command(help="Configure sensor")
def configureSensor(self,
                   id: int,           # Converts to integer
                   name: str,         # Handles quoted strings
                   active: bool,      # Converts to boolean
                   gains: List[float] # Converts to list of floats
                   ):
    pass

Bytes handling

bytes type arguments can handle multiple methods of input:

@command(help="Send data")
def sendData(self, data: bytes):
    pass

# Hexadecimal string
result = controller.parseCommand("sendData 0xdeadbeef")
result = controller.parseCommand("sendData 0x00 0x01 0x02")

# Base64 encoded string
result = controller.parseCommand("sendData ZGVhZGJlZWY=")

# Raw bytes
result = controller.parseCommand("sendData b'hello world'")

Expression Evaluation

Enable expression evaluation for dynamic values:

@commandParser(allow_eval=True)
class Calculator:
    @command(help="Calculate result")
    def calculate(self, value: int):
        return value

calc = Calculator()
result = calc.parseCommand("calculate $(2 * 3)")  # Evaluates expression

Out-of-the-Box UI

This package contains some out of the box support for a command line interface using prompt_toolkit. The CommandCompleter class can be used with prompt_toolkit to provide a command line interface with auto-completion and history. There are also ready-to-use UI classes for a simple command line interface and a more advanced command line interface with a command history.

The below example will create a split console app (a console with a command line interface on the bottom and a log on the top) with auto-completion and history. By default logs and print statements will be redirected to the log console.

from cliify import command, commandParser
from cliify.ui.prompt_toolkit import SplitConsole

from logging import getLogger

log = getLogger("App")


@commandParser()
class Device:
    def __init__(self, name):
        self.name = name
        self.value = 0

    @command(completions={'value': [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]})
    def setValue(self, value: int):
        log.info(f"Setting value of {self.name} to {value}.")
        self.value = value


@commandParser(subparsers=['devices'])
class Controller:
    def __init__(self):

        self.devices = {}

        self.singleDevice = Device("singleDevice")

    @command(help="Add a new device")               #help message can also be explicitly set
    def addDevice(self, name: str):

        if name in self.devices:
            #print(f"Device {name} already exists.")
            log.warning(f"Device {name} already exists.")
        else:
            log.info(f"Adding device {name}.")
            # Create a new device and add it to the devices dictionary

        self.devices[name] = Device(name)


controller = Controller()
app = SplitConsole(controller,"My CLI App")
app.start()

Flat Command Structure

The commandParser can also be set to flat which effectively makes all commands of subparsers available at the top level. This is useful for base classes that can be extended with plugins

@commandParser
class pluginA:

    @command
    def hello(self):
        print("Hello from plugin A!")

@commandParser
class pluginB:

    @command
    def goodbye(self):
        print("Goodbye from plugin B!")

@commandParser( subparsers=['plugins'], flat=True)
class CoreApp:
    def __init__(self):
        self.plugins = {}

    @command
    def start(self):
        self.plugins['pluginA'] = pluginA()
        self.plugins['pluginB'] = pluginB()
        print("Starting CoreApp...")

core = CoreApp()
core.parseCommand("start")
core.parseCommand("hello")
core.parseCommand("goodbye")

Advanced Features

1. Custom Type Conversion: - Override _convert_type for custom type handling - Support for bytes, hex strings, and more

2. Error Handling: - Type conversion errors - Missing required arguments - Invalid commands or paths

3. Command Help: - Auto-generated help from docstrings - Custom help messages per command

Contributing

Contributions are welcome! Please feel free to submit a Pull Request.

License

MIT License