Cloudoll
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Cloudoll 4.1.0 is an aiohttp-based Python library for routing, middleware, templates, sessions, JWT, database access and application scaffolding.
Install
Python 3.9+ is required. Install only the optional drivers you use:
python -m pip install 'cloudoll==4.1.0'
python -m pip install 'cloudoll[mysql,postgres,cache]==4.1.0'
The AWS extra requires Python 3.10+. Aurora remains untested; see Aurora limitations.
Quick start
cloudoll create myapp
cd myapp
python -m pip install -r requirements.txt
cloudoll start -n myapp
The generated project targets 4.1.0 and receives a random JWT secret. Controllers and authentication middleware are examples: replace demo credentials and supply your own authorization and upload policies before deployment.
A minimal application without a configuration file:
from cloudoll.web import Application
application = Application()
@application.get('/')
async def home(request):
return {'hello': 'cloudoll'}
if __name__ == '__main__':
application.create(env=None, entry_model=None).run()
By default, create() loads config/conf.local.yaml. An explicitly selected missing file is an error. Use env=None or config={} only for intentional no-config mode. Template rendering uses Jinja2, via render_view().
Production and diagnostics
cloudoll start -n myapp -env prod -m production
Production mode stays in the foreground. Use a process manager for automatic restarts; do not mix its stop/restart commands with Cloudoll's manual management. Coordinate request draining, resource cleanup and process termination deadlines.
from cloudoll.logging import configure_logging
configure_logging(format='json', files=False)
JSON logging supports structured secret-key masking and a custom string redactor. Native MySQL/PostgreSQL support opt-in echo=True and echo_params=True; both default to false. SQL is logged at INFO and parameter output requires both switches. SQL text itself can contain secrets; avoid enabling this in production.
Application(observer=...) and observation_scope(...) expose value-free HTTP/query events. Native engines expose pool_stats(). trace_context() correlates log IDs; it is not a tracing SDK. See production contracts.
Upgrading from 3.0.14
- Replace executable configuration expressions with literal values. Missing environment variables/files and invalid core configuration fail explicitly.
- Use private Session/JWT keys. Discard cookies created with old publicly derivable keys; share the Session key across workers.
- JWT validation requires exp by default and supports issuer, audience, leeway and required claims. Invalid credentials return None; configuration errors raise. Explicit require=() permits legacy tokens without an expiry.
- Model.use(db) returns an independent Query. Records track UNSET and dirty fields; database errors propagate instead of appearing as empty results.
- Native transactions/savepoints are task-owned. Streams need an async with scope. Writes and uncertain COMMIT operations are never automatically retried.
- PostgreSQL ORM inserts use RETURNING. Raw inserts without RETURNING and batch inserts do not manufacture a primary key.
- Each Application can be created once. Discovery uses an isolated namespace; use package-relative imports for local controller helpers.
- Native pool closure defaults to 10 seconds; application resource closure uses a 10-second per-resource limit and a 30-second total budget. These deadlines cannot be disabled with None and do not bound arbitrary user cleanup code.
- Development children/reloads create independent applications at the explicit project root, including under fork. CLI verifies process identity before stop.
- HTTP Session.max_retries counts total attempts. POST/PATCH and non-replayable bodies are not automatically replayed by default.
See changelog, migration details, streaming and typing and schema generation. The schema generator is not a production database migration tool.
Development and release checks
python -m pip install -e '.[mysql,postgres,cache,dev]'
python -m ruff check cloudoll tests
python -m mypy
python -m pytest -q -m 'not integration' -k 'not aws'
python -m build
python tests/check_wheel.py dist/cloudoll-4.1.0-py3-none-any.whl
python tests/check_release.py dist/cloudoll-4.1.0-py3-none-any.whl
Native integration tests require explicitly configured disposable databases. See architecture and verification. AWS tests are excluded from ordinary CI. Passing CI is not a substitute for workload-specific testing.
Documentation and maintenance
- Online documentation
- Database
- Deployment
- Compatibility and release policy
- Security reporting
- MIT license
Named ORM datasources
Configure orm: {default: blog} with a matching database.blog connection.
Models may set __datasource__ = "analytics" to select another named connection.
Within an active application, await User.select().where(User.id > 0).all()
creates a fresh query using that engine. User.query() retains Query[User]
typing. Existing User.use(engine) and offline User.use(None) are unchanged.
async with User.transaction(): delegates to the engine's task-owned transaction
and nested-savepoint implementation. Queries using the same engine participate
in that transaction; separate datasources are not a distributed transaction.
Loaded records keep their original engine. Each JOIN executes on its Query's
engine, not across independently bound model datasources.
Scripts/tests can use with datasource_context({"blog": engine}, default="blog"):
(imported from cloudoll.orm). This scopes existing engines without managing
engine lifetime. Missing contexts/defaults/uninitialized engines fail explicitly.
See the configuration and examples.
Request validation
Pydantic 2 is a core dependency. Define module-level input models and explicitly
bind sources with Body[T], Query[T], Form[T], or Path[T]. Handlers receive
validated model instances; the aliases also preserve editor/type-checker support.
from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict, Field
from cloudoll.web import Query
class ArticleQuery(BaseModel):
model_config = ConfigDict(extra="forbid")
page: int = Field(default=1, ge=1)
size: int = Field(default=20, ge=1, le=100)
tags: list[str] = Field(default_factory=list)
@app.get("/articles")
async def list_articles(query: Query[ArticleQuery]):
return query.model_dump()
?page=2&tags=python&tags=life produces an integer and a list. Repeated
Query/Form values are retained for list/set/tuple fields (including string aliases);
scalar fields use the first value. Comma-separated values and bracket-style nested
query syntax are not expanded. Use JSON Body for nested objects.
Combine Query and Path with one Body or Form, optionally preceded by the raw
request parameter. Body accepts JSON/+json; Form accepts URL-encoded and multipart
forms. Validation happens before the handler and always returns JSON HTTP 400 with
error.status, message, request_id, and details. Each detail contains source,
loc (including nested field/index locations), code, and message. Raw inputs
and exception context are omitted; custom validator errors use Invalid value.
Middleware can catch the exported RequestValidationError to customize this response.
Malformed JSON (400) and unsupported media types (415) retain the existing
server.json_errors behavior.
Legacy handlers and streaming (request, field) uploads remain supported. Typed
handlers only parse declared sources. Unknown fields follow model configuration
(Pydantic defaults to ignoring them); use extra="forbid" for strict write inputs.
Separate create/update models and use model_dump(exclude_unset=True) for partial
updates. Validation does not replace authorization or database constraints.
1 maintainer
Metadata
1 maintainer
Release files for cloudoll 4.1.0
For a detailed explanation of source distributions (sdists) and built distributions (wheels), please see the package formats documentation.
Source distribution (sdist)
| File | Size | Uploaded | |
|---|---|---|---|
| cloudoll-4.1.0.tar.gz | 185.2 kB | Details |
Built distribution (wheel)
| File | Interpreter | ABI | Platform | Reset |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| cloudoll-4.1.0-py3-none-any.whl | Python 3 | none | any | Details |
Total release size: 303.9 kB
Release files / cloudoll-4.1.0.tar.gz
| Download URL | cloudoll-4.1.0.tar.gz |
|---|---|
| Size | 185.2 kB |
| Tags | Source |
|
SHA-256 checksum How to use checksums |
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Uploaded using Trusted Publishing? What is trusted publishing? |
Yes |
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Transparency logRelease files / cloudoll-4.1.0-py3-none-any.whl
| Download URL | cloudoll-4.1.0-py3-none-any.whl |
|---|---|
| Size | 118.6 kB |
| Tags | Python 3 |
|
SHA-256 checksum How to use checksums |
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b9cb18ccf3c663850edbce94e03f4f94e71dcb628a2edb4191d129206626e305
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| Upload date | |
|
Uploaded using Trusted Publishing? What is trusted publishing? |
Yes |
| Uploaded via |
twine/7.0.0 CPython/3.13.14
|
Provenance
Provenance describes where a file came from. On PyPI, provenance is shared via attestations, which provide a verifiable record of the build or publishing details. View details, limitations and caveats.
PyPI Publish Attestation
PyPI verified that this artifact, at this checksum, originated from the publisher listed below.
Signed by GitHub Actions, verified by PyPI on Sep 26, 2026.
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