🧬 Codeine

Codeine is a Python library for exploring synonymous protein-coding sequence spaces under biological constraints.

Installation & documentation

Codeine is available on PyPI:

pip install codeine

Full documentation: https://codeine.readthedocs.io/.

Quick start

from codeine import CodingSpace

space = CodingSpace('MKTIIALSYIFCLVF')

print(space.n_valid_sequences)
print(space.sample())

Overview

A protein sequence can typically be encoded by an enormous number of synonymous DNA/RNA coding sequences.

For many biotechnological applications, such as recombinant expression, we must choose a coding sequence while respecting practical constraints, for example:

• avoiding restriction enzyme sites,
• avoiding nucleotide homopolymers,
• avoiding repetitive sequences,
• fixing specific codons,
• mutating relative to a reference sequence.

Identifying valid coding sequences under such constraints quickly becomes challenging, especially for longer proteins.

Codeine represents the complete valid coding sequence space exactly for a given protein and experimental setup. It enables efficient counting, sampling, enumeration and mutation library design while guaranteeing that every generated sequence satisfies the specified constraints.

Examples

Count valid sequences:

from codeine import CodingSpace

space = CodingSpace('MKTLEFQNGSCPRYKKL')

print(space.n_valid_sequences)

Sample a single valid sequence:

from codeine import CodingSpace

space = CodingSpace('MKTLEFQNGSCPRYKKL')

seq = space.sample()
print(seq)

Sample many:

from codeine import CodingSpace

space = CodingSpace('MKTLEFQNGSCPRYKKL')

for seq in space.sample(n=5):
    print(seq)

Apply constraints:

from codeine import CodingSpace, RestrictionSite
from codeine.constraints import ForbiddenMotifs, MaxHomopolymer

space = CodingSpace(
    'MKTLEFQNGSCPRYKKL',
    fixed_codons={
        2: 'AAG',
        16: 'AAG',
    },
    constraints=[
        ForbiddenMotifs([
            RestrictionSite.EcoRI,
            RestrictionSite.BamHI,
            'CTGCAG',
        ]),
        MaxHomopolymer(max_length=4),
    ],
)

print(space.n_valid_sequences)
print(space.sample())

Use custom codon weights to change the sampling distribution:

from codeine import CodingSpace, CodonWeights

weights = CodonWeights.ecoli()

space = CodingSpace('MKTLEFQNGSCPRYKKL', codon_weights=weights)

print(space.sample())

Use alternative genetic codes and RNA:

from codeine import CodingSpace, TranslationTable

table = TranslationTable(table_id=2, rna=True)

space = CodingSpace('MKTLEFQNGSCPRYKKL', translation_table=table)

print(space.sample())

Enumerate all sequences (recommended only for small spaces):

from codeine import CodingSpace

space = CodingSpace('CYIQNCPLG')

for sequence in space:
    print(sequence)

Explore mutants of a chosen reference sequence:

from codeine import CodingSpace

space = CodingSpace('MKTLEFQNGSCPRYKKL')

reference = space.sample()

mutants = space.mutants(
    reference,
    free_positions=range(5, 14),
    min_nts=2,
    max_nts=5,
)

print(mutants.sample())