DBVault

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Encrypted · Cloud-ready · Multi-database backup utility

DBVault is a command-line backup utility that gives you a consistent pipeline across six database engines: dump → validate → compress → encrypt → upload. Every step is covered with retry/backoff logic and all operations are available in both sync and async modes.

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Features

Feature	Detail
6 database engines	MySQL, PostgreSQL, MongoDB, Redis, SQLite, IBM Db2
Gzip compression	Every backup is compressed before storage
Fernet encryption	Optional AES-128-CBC + HMAC-SHA256 (symmetric, authenticated)
Cloud upload	AWS S3, Azure Blob Storage, Google Cloud Storage (GCS), and MinIO
Retry + backoff	3 attempts, exponential 2–10 s (powered by tenacity)
Async execution	async_perform_backup_pipeline via asyncio.to_thread
Validation	Each backup is restored to a temp target and verified before being kept
Clean CLI	click-powered interface with pyfiglet banner

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Supported Databases

Alias	Engine	Backup tool	Validation method
mysql	MySQL / MariaDB	mysqldump	restore to temp DB via mysql
postgres	PostgreSQL	pg_dump	restore to temp DB via psql
mongo	MongoDB	mongodump --archive	mongorestore --nsFrom/--nsTo
redis	Redis	redis-cli --rdb	RDB magic-byte check (REDIS)
sqlite	SQLite	sqlite3.Connection.backup()	PRAGMA integrity_check
db2	IBM Db2	db2 BACKUP DATABASE	db2ckbkp

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Installation

From PyPI

pip install dbvault

From source (development)

git clone https://github.com/Abhishek772/dbvault
cd dbvault
uv sync --group dev

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Quick Start

1. Back up a MySQL database

dbvault backup \
  --db mysql \
  --host localhost \
  --user root \
  --database mydb \
  --output ./backups

2. Back up with encryption

dbvault backup \
  --db postgres \
  --host db.internal \
  --user admin \
  --database analytics \
  --output ./backups \
  --encrypt
# DBVault prints the generated key — save it!

3. Back up directly to S3 (with encryption)

dbvault backup \
  --db mysql \
  --host localhost \
  --user root \
  --database mydb \
  --output ./backups \
  --encrypt \
  --cloud s3 \
  --s3-bucket my-backup-bucket \
  --s3-owner 123456789012

4. Back up directly to GCP Cloud Storage

dbvault backup \
  --db postgres \
  --host localhost \
  --user admin \
  --database mydb \
  --output ./backups \
  --cloud gcp \
  --gcp-bucket my-gcp-backup-bucket
  # Uses GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS environment variable

5. Back up to MinIO

dbvault backup \
  --db mongo \
  --host localhost \
  --user admin \
  --database myapp \
  --output ./backups \
  --cloud minio \
  --minio-endpoint play.min.io \
  --minio-bucket my-minio-bucket
  # Uses MINIO_ACCESS_KEY and MINIO_SECRET_KEY environment variables

6. Decrypt a backup

dbvault decrypt \
  --file ./backups/backup.sql.gz.enc \
  --key <your-fernet-key>

7. Generate an encryption key

dbvault keygen
# or save directly to a file
dbvault keygen --save ~/.dbvault.key

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CLI Reference

dbvault backup

Options:
  -d, --db       [mysql|postgres|mongo|redis|sqlite|db2]  Database engine  [required]
  -H, --host     TEXT    Database host  [default: localhost]
  -u, --user     TEXT    Database username
  -p, --password TEXT    Database password (prompted if omitted)
  -D, --database TEXT    Database name / SQLite file path  [required]
  -o, --output   PATH    Output directory  [required]
  -e, --encrypt          Fernet-encrypt the backup
  -k, --key      TEXT    Existing Fernet key (generated if --encrypt and omitted)
  -c, --cloud    [s3|azure|gcp|minio]  Upload to cloud after backup
  --s3-bucket    TEXT    S3 bucket name
  --s3-key       TEXT    S3 object key
  --s3-owner     TEXT    Expected S3 bucket owner — 12-digit AWS account ID
  --azure-conn-str TEXT  Azure Storage connection string
  --azure-container TEXT Azure container name
  --azure-blob   TEXT    Azure blob name
  --gcp-bucket   TEXT    GCP bucket name
  --gcp-blob     TEXT    GCP blob name (optional)
  --minio-endpoint TEXT  MinIO endpoint URL
  --minio-bucket TEXT    MinIO bucket name
  --minio-object TEXT    MinIO object name (optional)
  -a, --async-mode       Run asynchronously
  -h, --help             Show this message and exit.

dbvault keygen

Options:
  -s, --save PATH  Write key to a file
  -h, --help       Show this message and exit.

dbvault decrypt

Options:
  -f, --file PATH  Encrypted backup file (.enc)  [required]
  -k, --key  TEXT  Fernet key used during encryption  [required]
  -h, --help       Show this message and exit.

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Architecture

dbvault backup
     │
     ▼
DatabaseBackupManager (ABC)
     │
     ├── connect()              — open DB connection
     ├── _run_*dump()           — engine-specific dump subprocess
     ├── validate()             — restore to temp target, verify, drop
     ├── compress()             — gzip the dump file
     ├── encrypt()              — Fernet encrypt (optional)
     ├── _upload_to_cloud()     — S3 / Azure / GCP / MinIO upload (optional)
     └── perform_backup_pipeline()   ← @retry(3×, exp backoff 2-10 s)
         async_perform_backup_pipeline()  ← asyncio.to_thread wrapper

core/
├── interfaces/
│   └── backup_utility_interface.py   # Abstract base class
├── helpers/
│   ├── cryptographic_helper.py       # Fernet generate / encrypt / decrypt
│   └── blobstorage_uploader.py       # S3, Azure, GCP, MinIO upload (sync + async)
└── services/
    ├── sql_backup_utility.py         # MySQL
    ├── postgres_backup_utility.py    # PostgreSQL
    ├── mongo_backup_utility.py       # MongoDB
    ├── redis_backup_utility.py       # Redis
    ├── sqllite_backup_utility.py     # SQLite
    └── ibm_db2_backup_uitlity.py     # IBM Db2
cli/
└── app.py                            # Click CLI entry point
tests/
├── conftest.py
├── test_cryptographic_helper.py
├── test_sqlite_backup.py
├── test_sql_backup.py
├── test_blobstorage_uploader.py
└── test_cli.py

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Development

Setup

git clone https://github.com/Abhishek772/dbvault
cd dbvault
uv sync --group dev

Run tests

pytest
# with coverage
pytest --cov=core --cov=cli --cov-report=term-missing

Run the CLI from source

python main.py backup --db sqlite --database ./my.db --output ./out
# or
uv run dbvault backup --db sqlite --database ./my.db --output ./out

Build for PyPI

uv build
# produces dist/dbvault-0.1.0-py3-none-any.whl and .tar.gz

Publish

uv publish --token $PYPI_TOKEN

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Adding a New Database Engine

1. Create core/services/<engine>_backup_utility.py
2. Extend DatabaseBackupManager and implement all abstract methods:
   • connect(), backup(), validate(), compress(), encrypt(), perform_backup_pipeline(), async_perform_backup_pipeline()
3. Register the alias in cli/app.py → DB_MANAGERS
4. Add test coverage in tests/test_<engine>_backup.py

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Security Notes

• Passwords are passed via environment variables (MYSQL_PWD, PGPASSWORD) or the tool's own --password flag and are never written to disk.
• S3 uploads enforce ExpectedBucketOwner to prevent confused-deputy bucket hijacking.
• Fernet encryption is authenticated (HMAC-SHA256); tampering with the ciphertext raises InvalidToken.
• Encryption keys are printed once at generation time and are never stored by DBVault — keep them safe.

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License

MIT — see LICENSE.