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django-whatsapp-api-wrapper

Importante: Esta biblioteca está em desenvolvimento ativo e ainda não possui cobertura de testes automatizados. As APIs podem mudar entre versões menores. Utilize com cautela em produção, valide os fluxos críticos e, se possível, contribua com issues/PRs.

Um wrapper simples para enviar mensagens via WhatsApp Cloud API e expor um endpoint de webhook, pronto para integrar em qualquer projeto Django.

Instalação

python -m pip install django-whatsapp-api-wrapper

Configuração (Django)

  1. Adicione o app em INSTALLED_APPS:
INSTALLED_APPS = [
    # ...
    "django_whatsapp_api_wrapper",
]
  1. Inclua as URLs no urls.py principal:
from django.urls import path, include

urlpatterns = [
    # ...
    path("whatsapp-api-wrapper/", include("django_whatsapp_api_wrapper.urls")),
]
  1. Defina as variáveis de ambiente (ou no seu .env):
WHATSAPP_CLOUD_API_TOKEN=
WHATSAPP_CLOUD_API_PACKAGE_VERSION=0.1.1
WHATSAPP_CLOUD_API_VERSION=v23.0
WHATSAPP_CLOUD_API_PHONE_NUMBER_ID=
WHATSAPP_CLOUD_API_WABA_ID=
WHATSAPP_CLOUD_API_VERIFY_TOKEN=
  1. Configure a autenticação para as rotas de templates (opcional, mas recomendado):
# settings.py

# Opção 1: Usar Token Authentication do DRF (padrão)
WHATSAPP_API_AUTHENTICATION_CLASSES = [
    'rest_framework.authentication.TokenAuthentication',
]

# Opção 2: Usar JWT (se você já tem configurado)
WHATSAPP_API_AUTHENTICATION_CLASSES = [
    'rest_framework_simplejwt.authentication.JWTAuthentication',
]

# Opção 3: Usar API Key simples
WHATSAPP_API_AUTHENTICATION_CLASSES = [
    'django_whatsapp_api_wrapper.authentication.APIKeyAuthentication',
]
WHATSAPP_API_KEY = "sua_api_key_secreta_aqui"

# Permissões (padrão: IsAuthenticated)
WHATSAPP_API_PERMISSION_CLASSES = [
    'rest_framework.permissions.IsAuthenticated',
]

Importante: Se não configurar a autenticação, as rotas de templates usarão TokenAuthentication por padrão. As rotas de mensagens herdam a mesma configuração.

O endpoint de webhook ficará disponível em:

  • GET/POST: /whatsapp-api-wrapper/webhook/
  • Verificação (GET): /whatsapp-api-wrapper/webhook/?hub.mode=subscribe&hub.verify_token=<TOKEN>&hub.challenge=123

Extensibilidade do Webhook

Você pode customizar o processamento do webhook no projeto hospedeiro de duas formas:

  • Via setting com handler plugável:
# settings.py
WHATSAPP_WEBHOOK_HANDLER = "meuapp.whatsapp.handle_webhook"
# meuapp/whatsapp.py
from django.http import JsonResponse

def handle_webhook(request, payload):
    # sua lógica aqui (salvar eventos, acionar tasks, etc)
    return JsonResponse({"ok": True})
  • Via signal webhook_event_received:
from django.dispatch import receiver
from django_whatsapp_api_wrapper.signals import webhook_event_received

@receiver(webhook_event_received)
def on_whatsapp_event(sender, payload, request, **kwargs):
    # sua lógica aqui
    pass

Mensagens

Envio e recebimento de mensagens via Cloud API.

Envio (Python)

from django_whatsapp_api_wrapper import WhatsApp
from django_whatsapp_api_wrapper.messages import types as WATypes

wp = WhatsApp()

# Texto (construa o objeto e passe o objeto diretamente)
text = WATypes.Text(body="olá do wrapper", preview_url=False)
m_text = wp.build_message(to="551199999999", type="text", data=text)
m_text.send()

# Template
tpl = WATypes.Template(name="opa", language={"code": "pt_BR"}, components=[])
m_tpl = wp.build_message(to="551199999999", type="template", data=tpl)
m_tpl.send()

# Sticker (exemplo com media ID)
stk = WATypes.Sticker(id="MEDIA_ID")
m_stk = wp.build_message(to="551199999999", type="sticker", data=stk)
m_stk.send()

# Imagem por URL
img = WATypes.Image(link="https://exemplo.com/foto.jpg", caption="Legenda")
m_img = wp.build_message(to="551199999999", type="image", data=img)
m_img.send()

Webhook

  • Recebe eventos (mensagens/atualizações de status) em GET/POST /whatsapp-api-wrapper/webhook/.
  • Verificação (GET): /whatsapp-api-wrapper/webhook/?hub.mode=subscribe&hub.verify_token=<TOKEN>&hub.challenge=123.
  • Personalize via setting WHATSAPP_WEBHOOK_HANDLER ou escute o signal webhook_event_received (veja seção Extensibilidade do Webhook acima).

Endpoints HTTP de Mensagens (DRF)

Prefixo base: /whatsapp-api-wrapper/messages/

⚠️ Importante: Todos os endpoints de mensagens requerem autenticação (veja seção Autenticação acima).

  1. Enviar mensagem (genérico)

POST /whatsapp-api-wrapper/messages/send/

Body (exemplos por tipo):

Texto

{ "to": "551199999999", "type": "text", "text": {"preview_url": false, "body": "Olá!"} }

Texto (reply)

{ "to": "551199999999", "type": "text", "context": {"message_id": "wamid.xxx"}, "text": {"body": "Resposta"} }

Template

{ "to": "551199999999", "type": "template", "template": {"name": "opa", "language": {"code": "pt_BR"}, "components": []} }

Imagem por URL

{ "to": "551199999999", "type": "image", "image": {"link": "https://exemplo.com/foto.jpg", "caption": "Legenda"} }
  1. Enviar texto

POST /whatsapp-api-wrapper/messages/text/

{ "to": "551199999999", "body": "Olá!", "preview_url": false }

Exemplo com curl:

curl -X POST \
  -H "Authorization: Token seu_token_aqui" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{"to": "551199999999", "body": "Olá!", "preview_url": false}' \
  "$BASE/whatsapp-api-wrapper/messages/text/"
  1. Responder com texto

POST /whatsapp-api-wrapper/messages/text/reply/

{ "to": "551199999999", "reply_to": "wamid.xxx", "body": "Resposta", "preview_url": false }
  1. Enviar template

POST /whatsapp-api-wrapper/messages/template/

{ "to": "551199999999", "name": "opa", "language": {"code": "pt_BR"}, "components": [] }

Respostas: mesmas do Graph (inclui messages[0].id com prefixo wamid).


Mensagens por tipo (Python + HTTP)

Observação: Para todos os tipos abaixo você pode:

  • Python: instanciar o objeto em django_whatsapp_api_wrapper.messages.types e passar diretamente como data=<objeto> no build_message.
  • HTTP: usar o endpoint genérico POST /whatsapp-api-wrapper/messages/send/ com type=<tipo> e o objeto correspondente no corpo.
  • Atalhos existentes: text/, text/reply/, template/.

Texto

  • Python:
text = WATypes.Text(body="Olá!", preview_url=False)
wp.build_message(to="551199999999", type="text", data=text).send()
  • HTTP (atalho): POST /messages/text/
{ "to": "551199999999", "body": "Olá!", "preview_url": false }
  • HTTP (genérico): POST /messages/send/
{ "to": "551199999999", "type": "text", "text": {"body": "Olá!", "preview_url": false} }

Texto (reply)

  • Python:
text = WATypes.Text(body="Resposta")
wp.build_message(to="551199999999", type="text", data=text).send()
# Para reply via HTTP use context.message_id
  • HTTP (atalho): POST /messages/text/reply/
{ "to": "551199999999", "reply_to": "wamid.xxx", "body": "Resposta", "preview_url": false }
  • HTTP (genérico): POST /messages/send/
{ "to": "551199999999", "type": "text", "context": {"message_id": "wamid.xxx"}, "text": {"body": "Resposta"} }

Template

  • Python:
tpl = WATypes.Template(name="opa", language={"code": "pt_BR"}, components=[])
wp.build_message(to="551199999999", type="template", data=tpl).send()
  • HTTP (atalho): POST /messages/template/
{ "to": "551199999999", "name": "opa", "language": {"code": "pt_BR"}, "components": [] }
  • HTTP (genérico): POST /messages/send/
{ "to": "551199999999", "type": "template", "template": {"name": "opa", "language": {"code": "pt_BR"}, "components": []} }

Imagem

  • Python:
img = WATypes.Image(link="https://exemplo.com/foto.jpg", caption="Legenda")
wp.build_message(to="551199999999", type="image", data=img).send()
  • HTTP (genérico): POST /messages/send/
{ "to": "551199999999", "type": "image", "image": {"link": "https://exemplo.com/foto.jpg", "caption": "Legenda"} }

Áudio

  • Python:
aud = WATypes.Audio(id="MEDIA_ID")  # ou link="https://..."
wp.build_message(to="551199999999", type="audio", data=aud).send()
  • HTTP (genérico): POST /messages/send/
{ "to": "551199999999", "type": "audio", "audio": {"id": "MEDIA_ID"} }

Documento

  • Python:
doc = WATypes.Document(link="https://exemplo.com/arquivo.pdf", filename="arquivo.pdf")
wp.build_message(to="551199999999", type="document", data=doc).send()
  • HTTP (genérico): POST /messages/send/
{ "to": "551199999999", "type": "document", "document": {"link": "https://exemplo.com/arquivo.pdf", "filename": "arquivo.pdf"} }

Vídeo

  • Python:
vid = WATypes.Video(id="MEDIA_ID", caption="Demo")
wp.build_message(to="551199999999", type="video", data=vid).send()
  • HTTP (genérico): POST /messages/send/
{ "to": "551199999999", "type": "video", "video": {"id": "MEDIA_ID", "caption": "Demo"} }

Sticker

  • Python:
stk = WATypes.Sticker(id="MEDIA_ID")
wp.build_message(to="551199999999", type="sticker", data=stk).send()
  • HTTP (genérico): POST /messages/send/
{ "to": "551199999999", "type": "sticker", "sticker": {"id": "MEDIA_ID"} }

Localização

  • Python:
loc = WATypes.Location(latitude=-23.56, longitude=-46.63, name="SP", address="Av. Paulista")
wp.build_message(to="551199999999", type="location", data=loc).send()
  • HTTP (genérico): POST /messages/send/
{ "to": "551199999999", "type": "location", "location": {"latitude": -23.56, "longitude": -46.63, "name": "SP", "address": "Av. Paulista"} }

Contacts

  • Python:
contact = WATypes.Contact(name={"formatted_name": "Maria"}, phones=[{"phone": "+551199999999", "type": "CELL"}])
wp.build_message(to="551199999999", type="contacts", data=[contact]).send()  # lista de contatos
  • HTTP (genérico): POST /messages/send/
{ "to": "551199999999", "type": "contacts", "contacts": [{ "name": {"formatted_name": "Maria"}, "phones": [{"phone": "+551199999999", "type": "CELL"}] }] }

Reaction

  • Python:
react = WATypes.Reaction(message_id="wamid.xxx", emoji="😀")
wp.build_message(to="551199999999", type="reaction", data=react).send()
  • HTTP (genérico): POST /messages/send/
{ "to": "551199999999", "type": "reaction", "reaction": {"message_id": "wamid.xxx", "emoji": "😀"} }

Interativo (Reply Buttons)

  • Python:
interactive = WATypes.Interactive(
    type="button",
    header={"type": "text", "text": "Título"},
    body={"text": "Mensagem"},
    footer={"text": "Rodapé"},
    action={"buttons": [{"title": "OK", "id": "ok"}, {"title": "Cancelar", "id": "cancel"}]}
)
wp.build_message(to="551199999999", type="interactive", data=interactive).send()
  • HTTP (genérico): POST /messages/send/
{ "to": "551199999999", "type": "interactive", "interactive": {
  "type": "button",
  "header": {"type": "text", "text": "Título"},
  "body": {"text": "Mensagem"},
  "footer": {"text": "Rodapé"},
  "action": {"buttons": [
    {"type": "reply", "title": "OK", "id": "ok"},
    {"type": "reply", "title": "Cancelar", "id": "cancel"}
  ]}
} }

Autenticação

Proteção das Rotas de API

Por padrão, todas as rotas de templates (/templates/) e mensagens (/messages/) são protegidas e requerem autenticação. O webhook permanece público (necessário para o WhatsApp).

Opções de Autenticação

1. Token Authentication (Padrão)

# settings.py
WHATSAPP_API_AUTHENTICATION_CLASSES = [
    'rest_framework.authentication.TokenAuthentication',
]

Uso:

curl -H "Authorization: Token seu_token_aqui" \
     "$BASE/whatsapp-api-wrapper/templates/"

2. JWT Authentication

# settings.py
WHATSAPP_API_AUTHENTICATION_CLASSES = [
    'rest_framework_simplejwt.authentication.JWTAuthentication',
]

Uso:

curl -H "Authorization: Bearer seu_jwt_token" \
     "$BASE/whatsapp-api-wrapper/templates/"

3. API Key Authentication

# settings.py
WHATSAPP_API_AUTHENTICATION_CLASSES = [
    'django_whatsapp_api_wrapper.authentication.APIKeyAuthentication',
]
WHATSAPP_API_KEY = "sua_api_key_secreta"

Uso:

curl -H "X-WhatsApp-API-Key: sua_api_key_secreta" \
     "$BASE/whatsapp-api-wrapper/templates/"

4. Múltiplas Autenticações

# settings.py
WHATSAPP_API_AUTHENTICATION_CLASSES = [
    'rest_framework.authentication.TokenAuthentication',
    'django_whatsapp_api_wrapper.authentication.APIKeyAuthentication',
]

Permissões Customizadas

# settings.py
WHATSAPP_API_PERMISSION_CLASSES = [
    'rest_framework.permissions.IsAuthenticated',
    # ou 'rest_framework.permissions.IsAdminUser',
    # ou 'myapp.permissions.CustomPermission',
]

Templates

Endpoints REST (DRF) para gerenciar Message Templates do WhatsApp (proxy para Graph API). Todos os endpoints abaixo partem do prefixo que você incluir no projeto, por exemplo: .../whatsapp-api-wrapper/.

⚠️ Importante: Todos os endpoints de templates requerem autenticação (veja seção Autenticação acima).

Requisitos de ambiente: WHATSAPP_CLOUD_API_TOKEN, WHATSAPP_CLOUD_API_VERSION, WHATSAPP_CLOUD_API_WABA_ID.

Aqui a documentação OFICIAL:

https://www.postman.com/meta/whatsapp-business-platform/folder/2ksdd2s/whatsapp-cloud-api

Listar e criar

  • GET GET /templates/?limit=&after=&before=
  • POST POST /templates/ com payload conforme a Graph API.

Exemplo de criação:

curl -X POST \
  "$BASE/whatsapp-api-wrapper/templates/" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{
    "name": "authentication_code_copy_code_button",
    "language": "en_US",
    "category": "AUTHENTICATION",
    "components": [
      {"type": "BODY", "add_security_recommendation": true},
      {"type": "FOOTER", "code_expiration_minutes": 10},
      {"type": "BUTTONS", "buttons": [{"type": "OTP", "otp_type": "COPY_CODE", "text": "Copy Code"}]}
    ]
  }'

Buscar por ID e editar

  • GET GET /templates/<template_id>/
  • POST POST /templates/<template_id>/ para editar (mesmo formato do corpo de criação).

Buscar e excluir por nome

  • GET GET /templates/by-name/?name=<TEMPLATE_NAME>
  • DELETE DELETE /templates/by-name/?name=<TEMPLATE_NAME>

Excluir por ID (hsm_id) e nome

  • DELETE DELETE /templates/delete-by-id/?hsm_id=<HSM_ID>&name=<NAME>

Obter namespace

  • GET GET /templates/namespace/

Notas:

  • Os payloads aceitos seguem a documentação oficial de Message Templates da Meta (Graph API). Este wrapper só valida campos básicos e encaminha a requisição.
  • As respostas retornadas são as mesmas da Graph API (status code e corpo JSON), para facilitar troubleshooting.

Notas

  • Nome do pacote no PyPI: django-whatsapp-api-wrapper
  • Nome do módulo/import: django_whatsapp_api_wrapper

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