DotEnvPlus

Reads key-value pairs from a .env file with automatic type conversion and variable interpolation. Zero dependencies, native Python 3.10+.

Values are returned as a dictionary-like object, so .items(), .keys(), .values(), and all standard dict operations work out of the box.

Installing

You need Python >=3.10 to use this library.

pip install dotenvplus

Usage

# .env
KEY1=value
KEY2=123
KEY3=true

from dotenvplus import DotEnv

env = DotEnv(".env")

env["KEY1"]  # "value"
env["KEY2"]  # 123
env["KEY3"]  # True

Type conversion

Values are automatically converted to the appropriate Python type:

Quoting a value (single or double quotes) forces it to remain a string regardless of its content.

Variable interpolation

Reference other keys or system environment variables using ${VAR} or $VAR:

HOST=localhost
PORT=5432
DATABASE_URL=postgres://${HOST}:${PORT}/mydb
REPLICA_URL=postgres://$HOST:$PORT/replica

env["DATABASE_URL"]   # "postgres://localhost:5432/mydb"
env["REPLICA_URL"]    # "postgres://localhost:5432/replica"

Multiline values

Wrap a value in quotes and span it across multiple lines:

PRIVATE_KEY="-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
MIIEowIBAAKCAQEA...
-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----"

env["PRIVATE_KEY"]  # "-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----\nMIIEowIBAAKCAQEA...\n-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----"

Constructor options

# Returns None instead of raising KeyError for missing keys
env = DotEnv(".env", handle_key_not_found=True)
env["MISSING"]  # None

# Loads all values into os.environ (non-strings are converted to strings)
env = DotEnv(".env", update_system_env=True)

# Don't overwrite keys already set in os.environ (useful as a dev fallback)
env = DotEnv(".env", update_system_env=True, override=False)

# Custom file encoding (defaults to utf-8)
env = DotEnv(".env", encoding="latin-1")

TypedDict support

For full type hint support, define a TypedDict and use as_typed():

from typing import TypedDict
from dotenvplus import DotEnv

class MyEnv(TypedDict):
    HOST: str
    PORT: int
    DEBUG: bool

env: DotEnv[MyEnv] = DotEnv(".env")
typed = env.as_typed()
typed["PORT"]  # typed as int