DRF Custom Related Field

This is a Django REST Framework's PrimaryKeyRelatedField like field which allows you to pass custom fields (instead of default pk) to serialize relation.

Requirements

• Python 3.6+
• Django 2+
• djangorestframework 3+

Installation

pip install drf-custom-related-field

Usage

For example, we have following model structure:

from django.db import models


class Company(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=100)
    country = models.CharField(max_length=100)

    def upper_name(self):
        return self.name.upper()


class Address(models.Model):
    street = models.CharField(max_length=255)
    building = models.CharField(max_length=255)

    def full_address(self):
        return f'{self.street}, {self.building}'


class WorkingBuilding(models.Model):
    capacity = models.IntegerField(default=0)
    address = models.ForeignKey(Address, on_delete=models.CASCADE)


class Employee(models.Model):
    username = models.CharField(max_length=100)
    company = models.ForeignKey(Company, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    workplace = models.ForeignKey(WorkingBuilding, null=True, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='employees')

And we have following instances:

work_address = Address.objects.create(street='Main st.', building='10')
workplace = WorkingBuilding.objects.create(capacity=200, address=work_address)
company = Company.objects.create(name='Great Inc.', country='US', )
employee = Employee.objects.create(username='ckkz', company=company, workplace=workplace)

Examples:

1. Map custom field for read only

   class EmployeeSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
      company = CustomRelatedField(queryset=Company.objects, field_name='name')
   
      class Meta:
          model = Employee
          fields = ('username', 'company')
   
   serializer = EmployeeSerializer(employee)
   assert serializer.data['company'] == company.name
   

   {
   "username": "ckkz",
   "company": "Great Inc."
   } 
   

2. Assign new value by custom field (name in this case)

   class EmployeeSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
      company = CustomRelatedField(queryset=Company.objects, field_name='name')
   
      class Meta:
          model = Employee
          fields = ('username', 'company')
   
   new_company = Company.objects.create(name='New Company', country='RU')
   serializer = EmployeeSerializer(employee, data={'company': new_company.name}, partial=True)
   serializer.is_valid(raise_exception=True)
   serializer.save()
   employee.refresh_from_db()
   assert employee.company_id == new_company.id
   

   {
    "username": "ckkz",
    "company": "New Company"
   } 
   

3. Use many=True

   class WorkingBuildingSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
      employees = CustomRelatedField(field_name='username', many=True, read_only=True)
   
      class Meta:
          model = WorkingBuilding
          fields = ('capacity', 'employees')
   
   serializer = WorkingBuildingSerializer(workplace)
   assert len(serializer.data['employees']) == workplace.employees.count()
   

    {
     "capacity": 200,
     "employees": ["ckkz"]
    }
   

4. Use nested (dotted) relations and callable model fields

   class EmployeeSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
      workplace = CustomRelatedField(source='workplace.address', field_name='full_address', read_only=True)
   
      class Meta:
          model = Employee
          fields = ('username', 'workplace')
   
   serializer = EmployeeSerializer(employee)
   assert serializer.data['workplace'] == employee.workplace.address.full_address() 
   

    {
     "username": "ckkz",
     "workplace": "Main st., 10"
    }