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drvarma

Exact maximum-likelihood estimation, forecasting and diagnostics of multivariate VARMA (vector ARMA) models — in Python, with the compiled C likelihood engine in the binary wheels.

import numpy as np
from drvarma import Model, datasets

series = datasets.simulate_varma(phi=[np.diag([0.5, 0.4, 0.3])], sigma=np.eye(3),
                                 n=300, mu=[100., 50., 75.], seed=1,
                                 names=["A", "B", "C"])
m = Model(series, p=2, q=0, include_mean=True).fit()
print(m.phi, m.sigma, m.loglik)
levels, lo, hi = m.forecast(12, bands=True)     # + 95% bands
print(m.diagnostics())                          # Hosking Q, Jarque-Bera

drvarma fits a stationary Gaussian VARMA(p, q), Φ(B)(wₜ − μ) = Θ(B) aₜ, aₜ ~ N(0, Σ), by exact maximum likelihood (no conditional/back-forecasting approximation), and gives forecasts (+ error bands), impulse responses, variance decompositions, residual diagnostics and volatility.

What this provides. drvarma is a pure-Python implementation of Mauricio's exact-likelihood algorithm for multivariate VARMA (1995 JASA / 1997 AS 311): an innovations-form factorisation that evaluates the exact Gaussian likelihood directly on the VARMA form, without a state-space / Kalman filter, maximised by a faithful factored-BFGS quasi-Newton. Exact ML for VARMA is also available in Python through state-space methods (e.g. statsmodels' Kalman-filter VARMAX); what drvarma adds is a faithful port of this specific, non-Kalman algorithm — which, as far as we know, is not otherwise available in Python — together with the surrounding forecasting/IRF/FEVD/diagnostics toolkit. It runs with no compiled code; the optional C engine is only an accelerator.

Install

pip install drvarma

The binary wheels carry the compiled engine (CPython 3.10–3.13 on Linux x86_64/aarch64, glibc and musl, macOS arm64 and Windows x86_64); drvarma._engine.engine_backend() says "c". Where no wheel fits, pip builds the sdist, which needs a C compiler and the GSL headers; if the build or the load fails, drvarma warns and runs the pure-Python path: the same results, 20–250× slower.

Optional extras: drvarma[plots] (matplotlib + pyfug charts), drvarma[forecast-report] (HTML forecast reports). drvarma[c-engine] is kept for old install lines and adds nothing: cffi is a dependency.

drvarma is the engine and has no assistant of its own. The MCP assistant for VARMA systems is sima (pip install sima-tseries), built on drvarma's ladder.

Features

  • Exact-ML estimation of stationary VARMA(p, q) for general dimension m, with mean, diagonal AR/MA/covariance restrictions, and optional Hannan–Rissanen two-step start.
  • Forecasting in original units: level, period and annual variation, each with standard errors and 95 % bands; plus fixed-parameter recursive (out-of-sample) forecasting.
  • Structural analysis: orthogonalised impulse responses, accumulated responses, long-run gain, and the forecast-error variance decomposition.
  • Diagnostics: Hosking multivariate portmanteau, multivariate Jarque–Bera, per-series ACF/PACF and two-sided cross-correlation (CCF).
  • Volatility: exponential-weight and moving-window residual covariance.
  • Transforms: Box-Cox + regular/seasonal differencing and harmonic deseasonalisation (with re-seasonalised forecasts).
  • I/O & reports: .inp reader/writer, C-format .out/.forecast/ .recursive text reports, an HTML forecast report per series, and matplotlib charts.

Everything also runs with no compiled code. The CFFI engine of the binary wheels wraps the validated drvarma C core and is bit-compatible with the pure-Python path on well-conditioned problems — an accelerator only. The numerical methods are tabulated below; see docs/DEVELOPER_GUIDE.md for the complexity discussion and a pure-Python vs hybrid vs C performance study.

Command line

The ladder (0.2): fue's models as input

drvarma ES.pre FR.pre DE.pre 0 0 -diagcov -forecast 24 -estwin 216 -o diag  # the univariates
drvarma ES.pre FR.pre DE.pre 1 0          -forecast 24 -estwin 216 -o var1  # + cross dynamics
drvarma -split IPC3.inp -mean -ar 1 -dir specs/     # the old multivariate .inp -> fue .inp

Each series keeps its fue model (Box-Cox, deterministic terms, differencing, mean, ARMA factors) on the diagonal; p q are the cross orders. A diagonal gate checks that the joint model reproduces the univariate ones and stops the program if it does not. In Python: drvarma.ladder.Ladder(files, p, q).fit(). See docs/LADDER.md.

The multivariate .inp (deprecated since 0.2 / C 5.0)

drvarma IPC3 3 0 -mean -deseason auto -forecast 24        # writes IPC3.out, .forecast
drvarma IPC3 3 0 -mean -forecast 24 -html                # + HTML report per series
drvarma IPC3 3 0 -mean -estwin 200 -forecast 12          # recursive (.recursive)
drvarma IPC3 3 0 -mean -volexp 0.05 20 -volmov 20        # volatility (.volexp/.volmov)

<file>.inp in, text reports out. Flags: -mean -diagar -diagma -diagcov -m {1,2} -twostep -deseason [auto|force] -scale S -forecast H -html -estwin N -volexp [α w] -volmov [w] (λ, d, D come from the .inp header).

Documentation

  • docs/LADDER.md — the ladder: fue's models as input, the gate, forecasting, one format, and the parity with the C.
  • docs/USER_GUIDE.md — install, API, CLI, worked examples.
  • docs/INP_FORMAT.md — the .inp input format (a precise, assistant-friendly spec for preparing inputs).
  • docs/DEVELOPER_GUIDE.md — internals, algorithmic complexity from the literature, and the performance study.

Numerical methods

Algorithm Reference Used for
Exact Gaussian VARMA log-likelihood (innovations factorisation, not Kalman) Mauricio (1995) JASA; Mauricio (1997) AS 311 Exact likelihood (drvarma._as311)
Factored-BFGS quasi-Newton + Dennis–Schnabel line search Dennis & Schnabel (1983) ML optimisation (drvarma._qnewt.raxopt)
Concentrated objective f1ᵐ·f2 (σ² profiled, Σ = σ²·Q) Mauricio (1995) JASA §3 Conditioning; covariance / std errors
Hannan–Rissanen two-step Hannan & Rissanen (1982) VARMA start (-twostep)
Companion-form Lyapunov / autocovariances Mauricio (1997) AS 311 Stationary covariance, ψ-weights
Orthogonalised IRF & FEVD (Cholesky of Σ) Lütkepohl (2005) Structural analysis
Hosking multivariate portmanteau; multivariate Jarque–Bera Hosking (1980); Jarque & Bera (1980) Residual diagnostics
Exponential / moving-window conditional covariance — Volatility (drvarma.volatility)

Cross-references: Mauricio (2002, JTSA 23(4)) and Shea (1989, AS 242) are the other efficient exact-likelihood methods compared in the literature.

Authors and licence

drvarma is developed by David E. Guerrero and Arthur B. Treadway, based on the exact-likelihood algorithms designed and coded by José Alberto Mauricio.

Released under the GNU General Public License v2.0 or later (GPL-2.0-or-later) — see COPYING.

Metadata

Release files for drvarma 0.2.1

For a detailed explanation of source distributions (sdists) and built distributions (wheels), please see the package formats documentation.

Source distribution (sdist)

Source distribution for drvarma 0.2.1
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Built distributions (wheels)

Table of built distributions (wheels) for drvarma 0.2.1
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drvarma-0.2.1-py3-none-any.whl Python 3 none any Details
drvarma-0.2.1-cp313-cp313-win_amd64.whl CPython 3.13 CPython 3.13 Windows x86-64 Details
drvarma-0.2.1-cp313-cp313-musllinux_1_2_x86_64.whl CPython 3.13 CPython 3.13 Linux musl 1.2+ x86-64 Details
drvarma-0.2.1-cp313-cp313-musllinux_1_2_aarch64.whl CPython 3.13 CPython 3.13 Linux musl 1.2+ ARM64 Details
drvarma-0.2.1-cp313-cp313-manylinux_2_24_x86_64.manylinux_2_28_x86_64.whl CPython 3.13 CPython 3.13 Linux glibc 2.28+ x86-64, Linux glibc 2.24+ x86-64 Details
drvarma-0.2.1-cp313-cp313-manylinux_2_24_aarch64.manylinux_2_28_aarch64.whl CPython 3.13 CPython 3.13 Linux glibc 2.24+ ARM64, Linux glibc 2.28+ ARM64 Details
drvarma-0.2.1-cp313-cp313-macosx_14_0_arm64.whl CPython 3.13 CPython 3.13 macOS 14.0+ ARM64 Details
drvarma-0.2.1-cp312-cp312-win_amd64.whl CPython 3.12 CPython 3.12 Windows x86-64 Details
drvarma-0.2.1-cp312-cp312-musllinux_1_2_x86_64.whl CPython 3.12 CPython 3.12 Linux musl 1.2+ x86-64 Details
drvarma-0.2.1-cp312-cp312-musllinux_1_2_aarch64.whl CPython 3.12 CPython 3.12 Linux musl 1.2+ ARM64 Details
drvarma-0.2.1-cp312-cp312-manylinux_2_24_x86_64.manylinux_2_28_x86_64.whl CPython 3.12 CPython 3.12 Linux glibc 2.28+ x86-64, Linux glibc 2.24+ x86-64 Details
drvarma-0.2.1-cp312-cp312-manylinux_2_24_aarch64.manylinux_2_28_aarch64.whl CPython 3.12 CPython 3.12 Linux glibc 2.28+ ARM64, Linux glibc 2.24+ ARM64 Details
drvarma-0.2.1-cp312-cp312-macosx_14_0_arm64.whl CPython 3.12 CPython 3.12 macOS 14.0+ ARM64 Details
drvarma-0.2.1-cp311-cp311-win_amd64.whl CPython 3.11 CPython 3.11 Windows x86-64 Details
drvarma-0.2.1-cp311-cp311-musllinux_1_2_x86_64.whl CPython 3.11 CPython 3.11 Linux musl 1.2+ x86-64 Details
drvarma-0.2.1-cp311-cp311-musllinux_1_2_aarch64.whl CPython 3.11 CPython 3.11 Linux musl 1.2+ ARM64 Details
drvarma-0.2.1-cp311-cp311-manylinux_2_24_x86_64.manylinux_2_28_x86_64.whl CPython 3.11 CPython 3.11 Linux glibc 2.28+ x86-64, Linux glibc 2.24+ x86-64 Details
drvarma-0.2.1-cp311-cp311-manylinux_2_24_aarch64.manylinux_2_28_aarch64.whl CPython 3.11 CPython 3.11 Linux glibc 2.28+ ARM64, Linux glibc 2.24+ ARM64 Details
drvarma-0.2.1-cp311-cp311-macosx_14_0_arm64.whl CPython 3.11 CPython 3.11 macOS 14.0+ ARM64 Details
drvarma-0.2.1-cp310-cp310-win_amd64.whl CPython 3.10 CPython 3.10 Windows x86-64 Details
drvarma-0.2.1-cp310-cp310-musllinux_1_2_x86_64.whl CPython 3.10 CPython 3.10 Linux musl 1.2+ x86-64 Details
drvarma-0.2.1-cp310-cp310-musllinux_1_2_aarch64.whl CPython 3.10 CPython 3.10 Linux musl 1.2+ ARM64 Details
drvarma-0.2.1-cp310-cp310-manylinux_2_24_x86_64.manylinux_2_28_x86_64.whl CPython 3.10 CPython 3.10 Linux glibc 2.28+ x86-64, Linux glibc 2.24+ x86-64 Details
drvarma-0.2.1-cp310-cp310-manylinux_2_24_aarch64.manylinux_2_28_aarch64.whl CPython 3.10 CPython 3.10 Linux glibc 2.24+ ARM64, Linux glibc 2.28+ ARM64 Details
drvarma-0.2.1-cp310-cp310-macosx_14_0_arm64.whl CPython 3.10 CPython 3.10 macOS 14.0+ ARM64 Details

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This release

0.2.1 This release

26 release files

0.2.0

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0.1.7

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0.1.6

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0.1.5

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0.1.4

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0.1.1

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0.1.0

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