ezmsg-nwb

NWB (Neurodata Without Borders) file reading and writing for the ezmsg framework.

Overview

ezmsg-nwb provides streaming NWB file I/O as ezmsg Units.

Key features:

• NWB Reader - Stream data from NWB files (local or remote) as AxisArray messages
• NWB Writer - Write incoming AxisArray streams to NWB files with automatic container management
• Flexible clock handling - Support for system, monotonic, and unknown reference clocks
• Pipeline settings logging - Automatically record every component's settings into a pipeline_settings intervals table inside the NWB file

Installation

Install from PyPI:

pip install ezmsg-nwb

Or install the latest development version:

pip install git+https://github.com/ezmsg-org/ezmsg-nwb@main

Dependencies

• ezmsg
• ezmsg-baseproc
• numpy
• pynwb
• h5py
• neuroconv
• remfile
• pyyaml

Usage

See the examples folder for usage examples.

import ezmsg.core as ez
from ezmsg.nwb import NWBIteratorUnit, NWBSink

For general ezmsg tutorials and guides, visit ezmsg.org.

Pipeline settings table

When NWBSink is used inside an ez.run pipeline (with ezmsg>=3.9.0), it opens a GraphContext against the running graph server, snapshots the settings of every component in its session, and subscribes to subsequent settings change events. Each snapshot is flattened into dotted column names (e.g. MY.UNIT.MyUnitSettings.endpoint.host) and appended as a row to a pipeline_settings TimeIntervals table inside the NWB file, alongside an updated_component column identifying which component triggered the transition. Reading back is straightforward:

from pynwb import NWBHDF5IO

with NWBHDF5IO(path, "r") as io:
    nwbfile = io.read()
    df = nwbfile.intervals["pipeline_settings"].to_dataframe()

Notes:

• Settings logging is best-effort. If the writer cannot connect to the graph server (e.g. when running the consumer outside of ez.run), it logs a warning and continues writing data without the table.
• Settings values are sanitized for NWB storage: primitives, NumPy scalars, enums, paths, and fixed-shape sequences/arrays are stored natively; mappings and irregular structures are JSON-encoded; None becomes the string "None".
• If a settings update changes a column's shape (scalar↔array or rank change), the writer rotates into a new file segment (<name>_01.nwb, <name>_02.nwb, …) so each segment's table stays internally consistent.

Development

We use uv for development.

1. Install uv if not already installed.
2. Fork this repository and clone your fork locally.
3. Open a terminal and cd to the cloned folder.
4. Run uv sync to create a .venv and install dependencies.
5. (Optional) Install pre-commit hooks: uv run pre-commit install
6. After making changes, run the test suite: uv run pytest tests

License

MIT License - see LICENSE for details.

Acknowledgements

This project is supported by the Wyss Center for Bio and Neuroengineering and by Blackrock Neurotech.