fast-dotenv-rs

A fast Rust-backed drop-in replacement for python-dotenv==1.2.2, built with PyO3 and Maturin. It preserves the dotenv Python API, CLI, IPython extension, interpolation rules, and file mutation behavior.

中文说明

from dotenv import dotenv_values, load_dotenv

load_dotenv()
config = dotenv_values(".env")

The distribution is named fast-dotenv-rs, but existing application code keeps importing dotenv.

Why this project

Low migration cost: keep from dotenv import load_dotenv and the dotenv CLI.
Verifiable compatibility: run the complete pinned python-dotenv==1.2.2 upstream suite, not only basic KEY=value examples.
Reproducible performance evidence: compare candidate and Oracle in isolated processes and validate values, types, and ordering before timing.
Cross-platform packaging: build abi3 wheels with PyO3 and Maturin.

Status

This is a public pre-release source repository. It has not yet been published to PyPI and no GitHub Release has been created.

GitHub Actions CI #3 passed all four jobs:

Platform	Python	Installed-wheel verification
Linux x86-64	3.10 and 3.12	Rust gates, project tests, 10,000-case differential gate, full upstream suite, artifact audit
macOS arm64	3.12	wheel install, CLI, 219 upstream tests passed
Windows x86-64	3.12	wheel install, CLI, 169 passed / 50 upstream platform skips

The local Linux x86-64 / CPython 3.12 upstream result is:

218 passed, 1 skipped, 0 failed

The single Linux skip is an upstream platform/root condition. IPython was installed, so all three upstream IPython tests ran.

Installation

There is no PyPI package yet. Build from source:

git clone https://github.com/lowmiaq-gmail/fast-dotenv-rs.git
cd fast-dotenv-rs
python -m venv .venv
source .venv/bin/activate       # Windows: .venv\Scripts\activate
python -m pip install -U pip maturin
python -m pip install "click>=5" # optional, required for the CLI
maturin develop --release

Build a wheel:

maturin build --release --out wheelhouse
python -m pip install wheelhouse/*.whl

Do not install the Oracle in the same environment

Both python-dotenv and this project provide the top-level dotenv package and the dotenv command. Installing both in one environment causes the last installed distribution to overwrite the other. Use separate virtual environments for candidate/Oracle comparisons.

Compatible surface

Top-level exports match python-dotenv==1.2.2:

from dotenv import (
    dotenv_values, find_dotenv, get_cli_string, get_key,
    load_dotenv, load_ipython_extension, set_key, unset_key,
)

The compatibility surface also includes:

dotenv.main.DotEnv, rewrite, and resolve_variables;
parser Binding, Original, Reader, Position, and parser functions;
variable Atom, Literal, Variable, and parse_variables;
CLI list, set, get, unset, and run;
dotenv.ipython.IPythonDotEnv and the %dotenv magic.

See docs/UPSTREAM-CONTRACT.md for signatures, return values, logging, exceptions, filesystem effects, and environment behavior.

CLI

dotenv list
dotenv list --format=json
dotenv set DATABASE_URL 'postgres://localhost/app'
dotenv get DATABASE_URL
dotenv unset DATABASE_URL
dotenv run -- python app.py
python -m dotenv --version

Reproduce the compatibility gates

python -m pip install "pytest>=8,<9" "click>=5" "ipython>=8"
cargo test --all-targets
PYTHONPATH=python python -m pytest -q tests
bash scripts/run_upstream_full.sh
PYTHONPATH=python python scripts/run_differential.py

The upstream runner pins and verifies the official python-dotenv==1.2.2 sdist and every upstream test fixture hash. It also checks that the candidate, not an installed Oracle, owns the imported dotenv namespace.

Benchmark snapshot

On one Linux x86-64 / CPython 3.12 machine, isolated-process dotenv_values() in-memory parsing workloads measured 15.957×–88.609× faster. The harness checks the return type, item order, and values before timing.

python tests/benchmark.py --repeats 7 --warmup 2 --iterations 1000

These numbers do not represent file I/O, process startup, macOS, Windows, or every application workload. See BENCHMARK.md for inputs, raw context, and limitations.

Documentation

FULL-RELEASE-REPORT.md — current evidence and remaining release gates;
docs/COMPATIBILITY.md — compatibility matrix;
docs/UPSTREAM-CONTRACT.md — pinned upstream contract;
docs/REUSE-AUDIT.md — reuse and license audit;
docs/LAUNCH-SEO.md — launch, discovery, and adoption plan.

License

Rust/PyO3 project code is MIT licensed. BSD-3-Clause notices for the upstream compatibility baseline are recorded in THIRD_PARTY_NOTICES.md and licenses/.

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0.1.1

Aug 11, 2026

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Aug 11, 2026

fast-dotenv-rs 0.1.0

fast-dotenv-rs

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