fastipc 0.1.4

Linux futex-based primitives (C extension)

fastipc — Fast Machine-level Sync for Python

Fast IPC synchronization primitives in C11/CPython extension, with:

• Explicit acquire/release semantics and a focus on latency and throughput.
• Primitives operate on caller-supplied buffer (thus machine-level)
• Comes with Named helpers for easier usage out of the box.

Status: Linux-only (futex backed). Python >= 3.9. Targets x86_64 and other Linux archs.

Installation

pip install fastipc

Why fastipc

• Minimal hot-path: pure atomics for uncontended operations; futex syscall only on contention.
• Buffer-backed: pass a 4-byte aligned memoryview to operate in threads or across processes.
• Strict memory ordering: acquire/release semantics on loads, stores, and CAS.
• Simple helpers: NamedEvent, NamedMutex, NamedSemaphore for quick cross‑process usage.

Core Primitives

• FutexWord: raw futex wait/wake on a 32‑bit word.
• AtomicU32 / AtomicU64: atomic load/store/CAS on a shared word.
• Mutex: futex‑based mutex with spin‑then‑sleep contention path.
• Semaphore: futex‑based counting semaphore with exact‑delivery wakeups.

Cross‑Process: Buffer‑backed

from multiprocessing import shared_memory
from fastipc import FutexWord, Mutex, Semaphore

shm = shared_memory.SharedMemory(create=True, size=4)
try:
    fw = FutexWord(shm.buf, shared=True)
    # Other processes attach via SharedMemory(name=...) and reuse the same buffer
finally:
    shm.close(); shm.unlink()

# Mutex and Semaphore require 64 bytes
shm = shared_memory.SharedMemory(create=True, size=64)
try:
    mtx = Mutex(shm.buf)
    with mtx:
        ...  # critical section
finally:
    shm.close(); shm.unlink()

Cross‑Process: Named Helpers

These helpers use a shared‐memory word under the hood, plus a small PID‑tracking directory for safe cleanup.

from fastipc import NamedEvent, NamedMutex, NamedSemaphore

# Event
evt = NamedEvent("job_ready")
evt.set()          # wake all waiters
evt.clear()        # reset
evt.wait(1_000_000_000)  # wait with 1s timeout (ns)

# Mutex
mtx = NamedMutex("global_lock")
with mtx:
    ...

# Semaphore
sem = NamedSemaphore("queue_slots", initial=0)
sem.post(3)
sem.wait()         # blocks if no tokens

Notes:

• PID tracking directory defaults to /dev/shm/fastipc. In restricted environments, set FASTIPC_PID_DIR=/tmp/fastipc (or any writable dir).

Performance Notes

• Uncontended paths use only atomics (no syscalls).
• Under contention, primitives spin briefly (adaptive) then futex sleep to minimize wake storms and context switches.
• Semaphore.post(n) atomically adds n tokens and only wakes waiters when the count transitions from 0; the wake hint is capped at min(n, INT_MAX) to stay portable.
• Expect on-par or better performance than posix_ipc and multiprocessing alternatives in most scenarios.

Platform Support

• Linux only (uses linux/futex.h).
• Wheels target manylinux/musllinux for x86_64 and aarch64. Some arches may require -latomic (handled during build).

AI Code Generation

Most of the writing of this library was assisted by AI (OpenAI Codex). The code was iteratively refined and tested to ensure correctness and performance.