finance enums

Standard financial enumerations

Overview

finance-enums is the shared vocabulary layer for the finance-* stack. It exposes string-valued Python enums backed by Rust static data tables, plus structured currency metadata and a small frequency enum used by calendar-aware libraries.

The goal is to make identifiers boring and consistent: country codes, currencies, exchange codes, GICS-like sector taxonomy, security types, instrument types, portfolio labels, lifecycle states, order flags, trade sides, and time-in-force values all come from one package.

Quick start

from finance_enums import (
    CommodityType,
    ContractStyle,
    Currency,
    ExchangeCode,
    FundType,
    OptionExerciseType,
    OptionType,
    SecurityType,
    SettlementStatus,
    SettlementType,
    Sector,
    transaction_intent,
    UnderlyingAssetClass,
    exchange_record,
    exchange_records_by_country,
    build_cfi,
    parse_cfi,
    Frequency,
    to_frequency,
)

str(Currency.USD)                    # "USD"
Currency.USD.currency_name()         # "United States dollar"
Currency.USD.is_iso4217()            # True
Currency("e-CNY")                    # Currency.ECNY

ExchangeCode.XNYS.value              # "XNYS"
ExchangeCode.XNYS.record().region    # "Americas"
exchange_record("XNYS").market_name  # "NEW YORK STOCK EXCHANGE, INC."
len(exchange_records_by_country("US")) > 0

parse_cfi("ESVUFB").equity_type.value   # "Shares"
build_cfi(security_type=SecurityType.Option, option_type=OptionType.Call)  # "OCXXXX"
build_cfi(
    security_type=SecurityType.Option,
    option_type=OptionType.Call,
    option_exercise_type=OptionExerciseType.American,
    underlying_asset_class=UnderlyingAssetClass.Equity,
    settlement_type=SettlementType.Physical,
    contract_style=ContractStyle.Standardized,
)  # "OCASPS"
build_cfi(security_type=SecurityType.Currency)                              # "IFXXXP"
build_cfi(security_type=SecurityType.Commodity, commodity_type=CommodityType.Agriculture)  # "ITAXXX"
build_cfi(category="S", group="F")                                        # "SFXXXX"
transaction_intent("open_short").side.value                               # "Sell"
SettlementStatus.Settled.value                                             # "Settled"

Sector.InformationTechnology.value   # "InformationTechnology"
FundType.ETF is FundType.ExchangeTradedFund     # True
FundType("ETF").value                           # "ExchangeTradedFund"

to_frequency("monthly")             # Frequency.Month
Frequency.Month.periods_per_year     # 12
Frequency.Month.polars_truncate      # "1mo"

Enum families

The public Python API includes:

• Countries: CountryCode, CountryCode3
• Currencies: Currency, CurrencyRecord, CurrencyAliasRecord, currency_records, currency_alias_records
• Venues: ExchangeCode, ExchangeRecord, exchange_record, exchange_records, exchange_records_by_country, exchange_records_by_operating_mic, exchange_records_by_parent_mic, exchange_records_by_status, exchange_records_by_region, exchange_records_by_market_category, MICMarketCategory, VenueRegulatoryFlag, exchange_records_by_market_category_type, exchange_records_by_regulatory_flag
• Sector taxonomy: Sector, IndustryGroup, Industry, SubIndustry
• Market structure: VenueType, MarketType, TradingSession, MarketState, AuctionType, SegmentType, MarketStatusReason
• Identifier and notation: IdentifierType, TickerNamespace, PriceNotation, QuantityUnit, CurrencyRole
• Instruments: SecurityType, InstrumentType, EquityType, OptionType, OptionExerciseType, BondType, CommodityType, EnergyType, MetalsType, AgricultureType, FundType, FundSubType, MutualFundEndedness, FutureAssetClass, SettlementType, DeliveryType, UnderlyingAssetClass, ContractStyle, PayoffStyle, ContractUnit, LegRole
• Fixed income and financing: CouponType, CouponFrequency, DayCountConvention, AmortizationType, Seniority, CollateralType, MarginType, BorrowType, RepoType, FinancingType
• Swaps and structured products: SwapType, SwapLegType, RateIndex, ResetFrequency, CompoundingMethod, StubType, BarrierType, AveragingMethod, ExoticOptionFeature
• Post-trade and clearing: SettlementStatus, ClearingModel, ClearingHouse, FailsReason, AllocationMethod, GiveUpType
• Benchmarks and index administration: BenchmarkType, IndexWeightingMethod, RebalanceFrequency, CorporateActionAdjustmentType, CalculationAgentType
• Portfolio and fund structure: AccountType, BookType, PositionType, InventoryType, StrategyType, NettingType, VehicleWrapper, DistributionPolicy, ShareClassHedging, LiquidityTerm, RedemptionFrequency
• Corporate actions and lifecycle: CorporateActionType, ListingStatus, SecurityStatus, ExerciseEventType, TenderOfferType, DelistingReason
• CFI helpers: CFIClassification, parse_cfi, build_cfi, build_cfi_from_classification, validate_cfi_classification
• Versioned enum schema helpers: EnumVariantRecord, EnumFamilySchema, enum_variant_records, enum_family_schemas, enum_schema, enum_schema_json, enum_export_capsule
• Trading: OrderType, OrderStatus, ExecutionType, ExecutionInstruction, LiquidityFlag, PositionEffect, OrderCapacity, ShortSaleRestriction, Side, OrderFlag, TimeInForce
• Market data: QuoteCondition, TradeCondition, AggressorSide, CrossType, PriceKind, PriceNotation
• Frequencies: Frequency, to_frequency

Ordinal 0 is the invalid/unknown sentinel

Every Rust-backed enum family reserves ordinal 0 for an invalid/unknown sentinel, so a real, meaningful variant always has a non-zero ordinal. This makes a zero-initialised or default value unambiguously "not set" in every language (C/C++/Rust/Python), and avoids a falsy-zero variant silently passing for a real value.

• Semantic families get an Invalid member at ordinal 0, injected by the finance_enum! macro in rust/src/data.rs.
• ISO code families reuse their own standard "no value" code at ordinal 0 instead of a synthetic Invalid: Currency → XXX, CountryCode → XX, CountryCode3 → XXX, ExchangeCode → XXXX. These are declared with the finance_enum_raw! macro (which does not inject Invalid).

Each typed Rust enum provides string conversions: name() / as_str() (to-string) and from_str() plus a std::str::FromStr impl (from-string).

Documentation

See the Enums page for the enum families, metadata conventions, exchange-code relationship with finance-dates, and Rust/Python naming notes. See the API page for a reference and recipes.

Rust crate

The Rust crate is published as finance_enums on crates.io and imported as finance_enums in Rust code:

[dependencies]
finance_enums = "0.7.0"

use finance_enums::data::ExchangeCode_VARIANTS;

The Python package name is finance-enums; the Rust package uses an underscore because the original crates.io name cannot be renamed to the hyphenated spelling.

[!NOTE] This library was generated using copier from the Base Python Project Template repository.

Currency Metadata

Currency data is maintained from a structured Rust source of truth.

• Each currency row includes a code, display name, and is_iso4217 flag.
• Python exposes structured access through currency_records() and currency_alias_records().
• Native consumers can re-extract the same immutable dataset through the versioned finance_enums.currency_export_v1 PyCapsule or the exported finance_enums_currency_export_v1 C ABI symbol.

Exchange Metadata

Exchange coverage is now backed by bundled ISO 10383 MIC records plus a small set of project-defined calendar families.

• Python exposes structured exchange access through exchange_records() and ExchangeCode.record().
• Python also exposes direct venue lookups through exchange_record() and indexed filters through exchange_records_by_country(), exchange_records_by_operating_mic(), exchange_records_by_parent_mic(), exchange_records_by_status(), exchange_records_by_region(), exchange_records_by_market_category(), exchange_records_by_market_category_type(), and exchange_records_by_regulatory_flag().
• Each ExchangeRecord and ExchangeCode can derive a typed MIC market category through .market_category() and standards-backed regulatory flags through .regulatory_flags() / .has_regulatory_flag().
• Bundled exchange metadata includes market name, legal entity, operating and parent MICs, market category, acronym, ISO country code, city, website, status, region, subregion, segment flag, and official/project provenance.
• Project-defined non-ISO venue families remain available for downstream calendar consumers: PYPR, SIMU, FOREX, CRYPTO, SIFMA_US, ICE_US, and CFE.

Native C ABI

finance-enums ships a versioned C ABI for immutable metadata and enum-family discovery.

• The core Rust crate exports finance_enums_currency_export_v1 and finance_enums_exchange_export_v1.
• The core Rust crate also exports finance_enums_enum_export_v1, a flat enum-family / variant table that lets C and C++ consumers discover every Rust-backed enum without needing Python.
• The public header lives at finance_enums/include/finance_enums.h; hatch-rs validates it as an expected artifact and wheel builds install it to include/finance_enums/finance_enums.h.
• Wheels also bundle a standalone shared library inside finance_enums/lib/ so downstream C or C++ code can link against the same versioned export surface.
• Python exposes the same schema as dataclasses through enum_variant_records() and enum_family_schemas(), and as deterministic JSON through enum_schema_json() for Arrow/JSON schema bridges.

Compile-time enum headers

In addition to the runtime ABI, two header-only artifacts give C and C++ consumers zero-overhead access to families known at compile time (no library load required):

• finance_enums/include/finance_enums_generated.h — generated typedef enum constants (FE_<Family>_<Variant>) plus FE_<Family>_COUNT and the FE_ENUMS_ORDINAL_VALID(family, ordinal) macro, and matching C++ enum class definitions in namespace fe. Regenerate with python finance_enums/gen_enums_header.py.
• finance_enums/include/finance_enums_convert.hpp — constexpr helpers in fe::convert (to_ordinal, from_ordinal_unchecked, try_from_ordinal, checked_from_ordinal) to move between an ordinal and a typed fe::<Family>.

These cover the finance_enum! families declared in rust/src/data.rs. The name-indexed Currency and ExchangeCode families remain runtime-only via the C ABI export, since they are generated from their own data tables.

#include <finance_enums_generated.h>   // compile-time enum class
#include <finance_enums_convert.hpp>   // ordinal <-> enum helpers

auto sec = fe::SecurityType::Equity;                 // enum class, size_t underlying
std::size_t ord = fe::convert::to_ordinal(sec);      // round-trips to Python int()
if (auto s = fe::convert::checked_from_ordinal<fe::SecurityType>(ord, FE_SecurityType_COUNT))
    use(*s);

ABI compatibility

The enum data exposes a semantic ABI version — (major, minor, patch) — so any consumer (Rust, C, C++, or Python) can check at runtime whether the library it loaded is compatible with the version it was built against.

The C ABI remains beta while the package major version is zero. During this period, consumers require an exact major/minor match. Starting with 1.0, a consumer is compatible when the major matches and the library minor is at least the consumer minor.

# Python — straight from the installed wheel
from finance_enums import abi_version, abi_compatible, assert_abi_compatible

abi_version()                 # (0, 7, 0)
abi_compatible(0, 7)          # True
abi_compatible(0, 6)          # False — beta minor mismatch
assert_abi_compatible(0, 7)   # raises RuntimeError if incompatible

// Rust
use finance_enums::{abi_compatible, assert_abi_compatible};
use finance_enums::{ENUM_ABI_VERSION_MAJOR, ENUM_ABI_VERSION_MINOR};

assert!(abi_compatible(ENUM_ABI_VERSION_MAJOR, ENUM_ABI_VERSION_MINOR));
assert_abi_compatible(ENUM_ABI_VERSION_MAJOR, ENUM_ABI_VERSION_MINOR); // panics if not

/* C — compares the compile-time header version against the loaded library */
#include <finance_enums.h>

if (!finance_enums_abi_header_compatible()) {
    /* refuse to run against an incompatible library */
}

// C++ — RAII loader resolves and checks the version for you
#include <finance_enums.hpp>

fe::EnumLibrary lib("./libfinance_enums.dylib");
lib.assert_abi_compatible();      // throws std::runtime_error on mismatch
auto v = lib.abi_version();       // fe::AbiVersion{major, minor, patch}

The C / C++ paths need the shared library built once via cargo build --release in rust/ (wheels bundle it under finance_enums/lib/).

Package-manager builds

The conda recipe produces two packages from one source tree: libfinance-enums contains the shared C ABI library, headers, CMake config, and pkg-config metadata; finance-enums contains the Python extension and depends on the exact native package build. Build both locally with rattler-build build --recipe conda/recipe.yaml.

The repository also contains a native-only vcpkg overlay port. It intentionally requires a dynamic triplet because the supported ABI boundary is the standalone shared library:

vcpkg install finance-enums --classic --overlay-ports=ports --triplet x64-linux-dynamic

The overlay uses the local checkout while under development. Before registry submission, its portfile must use a tagged release archive and pinned SHA512.

0.7 beta ABI baseline

Version 0.7 establishes ordinal-zero invalid/unknown sentinels across every enum family. Published 0.6 consumers must treat 0.7 as ABI-incompatible: the sentinel insertion changed existing ordinals and several families were renamed or replaced. Runtime compatibility checks therefore reject consumers built against semantic ABI 0.6.

Because the ABI is still beta, 0.7 finalizes the existing V1 export structures in place instead of adding parallel V2 exports. Consumers must pair 0.7 headers with a 0.7 library. At 1.0, existing layouts and ordinals become stable; later layout changes will require a new versioned export.

The checked-in reference_snapshots/abi.json records the complete 0.7 schema digest, family-prefix counts, semantic ABI, C layout, and published 0.6 baseline. Tests require a deliberate version and snapshot update whenever the public ABI changes.

Trading Intent Helpers

Side intentionally remains trade direction only: None, Buy, and Sell. Short-sale and cover semantics are represented by combining Side with PositionEffect and PositionType.

from finance_enums import transaction_intent

transaction_intent("open_long")   # Buy + Open + Long
transaction_intent("close_long")  # Sell + Close + Long
transaction_intent("open_short")  # Sell + Open + Short
transaction_intent("cover_short") # Buy + Close + Short

This follows the FIX-style separation between side/direction and position effect while giving downstream transaction schemas one canonical helper for common intents.

Reference Data Maintenance

The repository includes deterministic local tooling for standards-backed data maintenance.

• scripts/generate_reference_data.py --check validates that rust/src/exchange_codes.rs remains aligned with the vendored MIC records in rust/src/exchange_records/*.tsv; --write can regenerate the compatibility table.
• scripts/snapshot_reference_diffs.py --check compares current MIC, currency, country, and future-related snapshots with reference_snapshots/standards.json; --write refreshes the checked-in snapshot after an intentional data update.
• make develop now performs an editable install with build isolation, and make rebuild-extension rebuilds the local extension in-place after Rust or PyO3 changes.

CFI Helpers

finance-enums now includes a broader ISO 10962 / CFI parser and builder.

• parse_cfi() maps supported families into the existing enum surface for equities, bonds, funds, options, futures, swaps, financing, spot FX, spot commodities, forwards, spreads, and indices, while preserving the raw category, group, and attribute characters.
• build_cfi() emits category/group-correct codes for the supported enum-backed families and also accepts raw category, group, and attributes inputs for ISO categories that the library does not model with dedicated enums yet.
• build_cfi_from_classification() and CFIClassification.to_code() provide a structured round-trip path from typed enum-backed classifications back into ISO 10962 strings.
• validate_cfi_classification() and CFIClassification.validate() check that the typed fields, raw CFI positions, and stored code all agree before downstream code persists or republishes a classification.
• Listed options and futures now expose typed derivative attributes for underlier asset class, settlement or delivery semantics, and contract standardization instead of leaving those positions opaque.
• Non-listed options, forwards, and strategies now support rate, credit, mixed-asset, and other high-value CFI underlier groups through UnderlyingAssetClass.
• SecurityType.PerpetualFuture is available as a standalone library type and builds through the ISO futures CFI envelope, because ISO 10962 does not encode a dedicated perpetual-future category.
• Remaining unsupported enum families still raise NotImplementedError during generation rather than guessing invalid codes.

Live Reference Tests

Live standards coverage tests are part of the normal pytest suite and are marked live_source.

• Default local test runs skip them automatically.
• Enable them by running FINANCE_ENUMS_RUN_LIVE_TESTS=1 /opt/homebrew/bin/python -m pytest -q finance_enums/tests.

Enum Reference

118 families, 1088 variants