fundi 0.0.7

Dependency injection library

# FunDI

Solution for problem no one had before

Fun stays for function(or for fun if you wish) and DI for Dependency Injection

This library provides fast(to write!) and convenient(to use!) Dependency Injection for functional programming on python.

Why?

This library was inspired by FastAPI's dependency injection. The reasons for its existence are simple:

• A standalone dependency injection library. DI shouldn't be tied to a specific framework.
• It simplifies code writing. Dependency injection reduces boilerplate and improves maintainability.
• Lack of DI libraries for functional programming in Python. Or maybe I just didn't want to find one :3

How?

Main definitions

• Scope - dependency injection scope (list of root values that will be set to parameters without dependency function)

  Example:

  from contextlib import ExitStack
  
  from fundi import inject, scan
  
  def dependant(value: str):
      print(value)
  
  
  with ExitStack() as stack:
    inject({"value": "Value that will be passed to dependency"}, scan(dependant), stack)
  

• Dependant - Function that has dependencies (either function, or scope dependencies)

  Example:

  from contextlib import ExitStack
  
  from fundi import from_, inject, scan
  
  class Session:
      pass
  
  
  def string() -> str:
      return "string from dependency"
  
  
  def dependant(session: from_(Session), scope_value: str, dependency_value: str = from_(string)):
      pass
  
  
  with ExitStack() as stack:
      inject({"scope_value": "string from scope", "session": Session()}, scan(dependant), stack)
  

• Dependency - Function that is used to resolve dependant's parameter value. Dependency can have its own dependencies.

  Example:

  from contextlib import ExitStack
  
  from fundi import from_, inject, scan
  
  class Session:
      pass
  
  
  def string() -> str:
      return "string from dependency"
  
  
  def dependency(session: from_(Session), scope_value: str, dependency_value: str = from_(string)):
      pass
  
  
  def dependant(value: None = from_(dependency)):
      pass
  
  
  with ExitStack() as stack:
      inject({"scope_value": "string from scope", "session": Session()}, scan(dependant), stack)
  

No more words, let's try!

Sync

from contextlib import ExitStack
from typing import Generator, Any

from fundi import from_, inject, scan

def require_database_session(database_url: str) -> Generator[str, Any]:
    print(f"Opened database session at {database_url = }")
    yield "database session"
    print("Closed database session")


def require_user(session: str = from_(require_database_session)) -> str:
    return "user"


def application(user: str = from_(require_user), session: str = from_(require_database_session)):
    print(f"Application started with {user = }")


with ExitStack() as stack:
    inject({"database_url": "postgresql://kuyugama:insecurepassword@localhost:5432/database"}, scan(application), stack)

Async

import asyncio
from contextlib import AsyncExitStack
from typing import AsyncGenerator, Any

from fundi import from_, ainject, scan

async def require_database_session(database_url: str) -> AsyncGenerator[str, Any]:
    print(f"Opened database session at {database_url = }")
    yield "database session"
    print("Closed database session")


async def require_user(session: str = from_(require_database_session)) -> str:
    return "user"


async def application(user: str = from_(require_user), session: str = from_(require_database_session)):
    print(f"Application started with {user = }")


async def main():
    async with AsyncExitStack() as stack:
        await ainject({"database_url": "postgresql://kuyugama:insecurepassword@localhost:5432/database"}, scan(application), stack)


asyncio.run(main())

Resolve scope dependencies by type

It's simple! Use from_ on type annotation

from contextlib import ExitStack

from fundi import from_, inject, scan

class Session:
    """Database session"""

def require_user(_: from_(Session)) -> str:
    return "user"


def application(session: from_(Session), user: str = from_(require_user)):
    print(f"Application started with {user = }")
    print(f"{session = }")


with ExitStack() as stack:
    inject({"db": Session()}, scan(application), stack)

Note: while resolving dependencies by type - parameter names doesn't really matter.

Overriding dependency results

As simple, as injecting!

import time
import random
from contextlib import ExitStack

from fundi import from_, inject, scan


def require_random_animal() -> str:
    time.sleep(3)  # simulate web request

    return random.choice(["cat", "dog", "chicken", "horse", "platypus", "cow"])


def application(animal: str = from_(require_random_animal)):
    print("Animal:", animal)


with ExitStack() as stack:
    inject({}, scan(application), stack, override={require_random_animal: "dog"})

Overriding dependencies

As easy as say "Kuyugama is the best"!

import time
import random
from contextlib import ExitStack

from fundi import from_, inject, scan


def require_random_animal() -> str:
    time.sleep(3)  # simulate web request

    return random.choice(["cat", "dog", "chicken", "horse", "platypus", "cow"])


def test_require_animal(animal: str) -> str:
    return animal


def application(animal: str = from_(require_random_animal)):
    print("Animal:", animal)


with ExitStack() as stack:
    inject(
        {"animal": "cockroach"},
        scan(application),
        stack,
        override={require_random_animal: scan(test_require_animal)}
    )

Component explanation:

• fundi.from_ - Helps define dependencies.

  Use cases:

  • Tell resolver to resolve parameter value by its type, not name (ex: parameter: from_(Session))

  • Define dependency (ex: parameter: type = from_(dependency)).

    In this case it can be replaced with fundi.scan.scan (ex: parameter: type = scan(dependency))

• fundi.scan - Scans function for dependencies. Returns CallableInfo object that is used by all functions that resolve dependencies.

• fundi.order - returns order in which dependencies will be resolved

• fundi.tree - returns dependency resolving tree