GTFS Django

A Django package that provides abstract models for GTFS (General Transit Feed Specification) data, covering both static GTFS Schedule feeds and (coming soon) dynamic GTFS Realtime feed messages.

GTFS Reference revised April 27, 2026. See Revision History for more details.

Because all models are abstract, this package creates no database tables of its own. You subclass the models in your own Django app, giving you full control over your schema, like adding foreign keys, extra fields, constraints, or any other customizations your project requires.

The package gtfs-django also includes custom Django model fields that handle GTFS-specific data types and formats, such as time fields that support hours greater than 24, geographic coordinate fields, and validated fields for color codes, language tags, and more, as defined in the field types of the specification.

The abstract models follow these rules:

• No foreign keys to other abstract models are defined by default. You must explicitly add them in your subclass.
• For field presence, only fields marked "Required" are enforced by default. Fields marked "Optional," "Conditionally Required," "Conditionally Forbidden," or "Recommended" are not.

Requirements

• Python: 3.12+
• Django: 5.2+

Installation

pip install gtfs-django

uv add gtfs-django

Quick Start

1. Add to your Django settings

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    # ...
    "gtfs",
]

2. Subclass the abstract models in your app

Add auxiliary tables or new fields as needed.

from django.db import models
from gtfs.models import (
    BaseAgency,
    BaseRoute,
    BaseCalendar,
    BaseCalendarDate,
    BaseShape,
    BaseTrip,
    BaseStop,
    BaseStopTime,
)
from gtfs.fields import GTFSColorField


class Feed(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=255)
    created_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)


class Agency(BaseAgency):
    feed = models.ForeignKey(Feed, on_delete=models.CASCADE)


class Route(BaseRoute):
    feed = models.ForeignKey(Feed, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    agency = models.ForeignKey(Agency, on_delete=models.CASCADE)


class Calendar(BaseCalendar):
    feed = models.ForeignKey(Feed, on_delete=models.CASCADE)


class CalendarDate(BaseCalendarDate):
    feed = models.ForeignKey(Feed, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    service = models.ForeignKey(Calendar, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    holiday_name = models.CharField(
        max_length=255,
        help_text="Name of the holiday (non-GTFS field)",
    )


class Shape(BaseShape):
    feed = models.ForeignKey(Feed, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    shape_color = GTFSColorField(
        null=True,
        blank=True,
        help_text="Color of the shape for display in maps (non-GTFS field)",
    )


class Trip(BaseTrip):
    feed = models.ForeignKey(Feed, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    route = models.ForeignKey(Route, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    service = models.ForeignKey(Calendar, on_delete=models.CASCADE)


class Stop(BaseStop):
    feed = models.ForeignKey(Feed, on_delete=models.CASCADE)


class StopTime(BaseStopTime):
    feed = models.ForeignKey(Feed, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    trip = models.ForeignKey(Trip, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    stop = models.ForeignKey(Stop, on_delete=models.CASCADE)

3. Run migrations for your app

python manage.py makemigrations <your_app_name>
python manage.py migrate

Abstract Models

GTFS Schedule

All 32 tables and 220 canonical GTFS fields are represented in the abstract models.

Model	GTFS file	Description
BaseAgency	agency.txt	Transit agencies
BaseStop	stops.txt	Stops and stations
BaseRoute	routes.txt	Routes
BaseTrip	trips.txt	Trips
BaseStopTime	stop_times.txt	Arrival/departure times per stop
BaseCalendar	calendar.txt	Weekly service schedules
BaseCalendarDate	calendar_dates.txt	Service exceptions
BaseShape	shapes.txt	Route shapes
BaseTimeframe	timeframes.txt	Fare timeframes
BaseRiderCategory	rider_categories.txt	Fare rider categories
BaseFareMedia	fare_media.txt	Fare media
BaseFareProduct	fare_products.txt	Fare products
BaseFareLegRule	fare_leg_rules.txt	Fare leg rules
BaseFareLegJoinRule	fare_leg_join_rules.txt	Fare leg join rules
BaseFareTransferRule	fare_transfer_rules.txt	Fare transfer rules
BaseArea	areas.txt	Areas
BaseStopArea	stop_areas.txt	Stop-to-area assignments
BaseNetwork	networks.txt	Route networks
BaseRouteNetwork	route_networks.txt	Route-to-network assignments
BaseFrequency	frequencies.txt	Frequency-based service
BaseTransfer	transfers.txt	Transfers between stops
BasePathway	pathways.txt	Station pathways
BaseLevel	levels.txt	Station levels
BaseLocationGroup	location_groups.txt	On-demand location groups
BaseLocationGroupStop	location_group_stops.txt	Group-to-stop assignments
BaseLocation	locations.geojson	On-demand service areas
BaseBookingRule	booking_rules.txt	On-demand booking rules
BaseTranslation	translations.txt	Field translations
BaseFareAttribute	fare_attributes.txt	Fare definitions
BaseFareRule	fare_rules.txt	Fare applicability rules
BaseFeedInfo	feed_info.txt	Feed metadata
BaseAttribution	attributions.txt	Attribution information

GTFS Realtime

Not implemented yet.

The first option is to create a model for each message object type in the GTFS Realtime feed.

Model	Description
BaseFeedMessage	Feed message header
BaseFeedHeader	Feed message header
BaseFeedEntity	Feed entity
BaseTripUpdate	Real-time trip schedule updates
BaseStopTimeUpdate	Per-stop arrival/departure updates
BaseStopTimeProperties	Stop time properties
BaseTripProperties	Defines updated properties of the trip
BaseVehiclePosition	Live vehicle locations
BaseCarriageDetails	Carriage details of the vehicle
BaseAlert	Service alerts and disruptions
BaseTimeRange	A time interval
BasePosition	A geographic position
BaseTripDescriptor	Identifies a single instance of a GTFS trip
BaseModifiedTripSelector	Selects a modified trip instance
BaseVehicleDescriptor	Identifies the vehicle performing the trip
BaseEntitySelector	Selects an entity
BaseTranslatedString	Translated string
BaseTranslation	Translation entry
BaseTranslatedImage	Translated image
BaseLocalizedImage	Localized image
BaseShape	Shape definition
BaseStop	Stop definition
BaseTripModifications	Trip modifications
BaseModification	Single modification
BaseStopSelector	Selects a stop
BaseSelectedTrips	Selected trips
BaseReplacementStop	Replacement stop

Custom Fields

gtfs.fields provides Django model fields that encode GTFS type semantics:

Field	GTFS type	Notes
GTFSColorField	Color	6-digit hex, without #
GTFSCurrencyCodeField	Currency code	ISO 4217, e.g. USD
GTFSCurrencyAmountField	Currency amount	Decimal
GTFSDateField	Date	Accepts/serialises YYYYMMDD
GTFSTimeField	Time	timedelta; supports hours ≥ 24
GTFSLocalTimeField	Local time	String HH:MM:SS; hours 0-23
GTFSIDField	ID	CharField, optionally ASCII-only
GTFSTextField	Text	CharField with 255-char default
GTFSTimezoneField	Timezone	Validated IANA timezone name
GTFSLanguageCodeField	Language code	BCP 47 tag, e.g. en-US
GTFSLatitudeField	Latitude	Decimal, -90 to 90
GTFSLongitudeField	Longitude	Decimal, -180 to 180
GTFSPhoneNumberField	Phone number	Permissive international format
GTFSEnumField	Enum	Integer with required choices
GTFSNonNegativeIntegerField	Non-negative integer	Integer ≥ 0
GTFSNonZeroIntegerField	Non-zero integer	Integer other than 0
GTFSPositiveIntegerField	Positive integer	Integer > 0
GTFSNonNegativeFloatField	Non-negative float	Decimal ≥ 0
GTFSPositiveFloatField	Positive float	Decimal > 0

Development

git clone https://github.com/simovilab/gtfs-django.git
cd gtfs-django

# Install with development dependencies
uv sync

# Run tests
pytest

Regenerating Schedule models

gtfs/builder/schedule.yaml is the source of truth for the GTFS Schedule models. After changing it or gtfs/builder/mappings.py, generate gtfs/builder/models.py from the repository root:

uv run python -m gtfs.builder.builder

The generated file contains Schedule models only. Review and migrate its contents into gtfs/models.py manually; the generator does not modify that file.

Contributing

Contributions are welcome. For major changes please open an issue first.

1. Follow Django coding standards
2. Add tests for new features
3. Update documentation as needed
4. Ensure compatibility with Django 5.2+

License

Apache License 2.0 — see LICENSE for details.

Credits

Developed by SIMOVI Lab.

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For more information about GTFS, visit gtfs.org.