gtrace — a Gaussian beam ray-tracing package in Python

gtrace traces Gaussian beams through a two-dimensional arrangement of optics. It follows the q-parameter rather than a geometric ray, so a result carries the beam radius, the wavefront curvature and the Gouy phase everywhere along the path, not just the geometry. Beams that are transmitted, reflected and internally reflected inside a wedged substrate are all followed, which is what makes it useful for chasing ghost beams in a real interferometer layout.

It was written for KAGRA and is used to lay out its optical benches.

Installation

From PyPI

pip install gtrace              # the library and the HTML viewer
pip install "gtrace[notebook]"  # ... and the viewer as a Jupyter widget

Python 3.9 or newer. gtrace itself needs only numpy, scipy and traits.

What the viewer needs

The viewer has two front ends, and they do not cost the same:

show() picks the widget when it finds itself in a Jupyter kernel with anywidget installed, and writes the HTML file otherwise, so the same code works both ways. Without anywidget the widget raises WidgetNotAvailable and says so.

From a clone

git clone https://github.com/asoy01/gtrace.git
cd gtrace
pip install ".[notebook]"

Use pip install -e ".[notebook]" instead if you intend to change gtrace itself. The quotes matter in zsh, which would otherwise try to expand the brackets as a glob.

Running the tutorial

The tutorial is a Jupyter notebook, and it lives in the source tree, so it needs the clone above and a Jupyter front end:

pip install jupyterlab
jupyter lab docs/source/tutorial/gtrace-tutorial.ipynb

VS Code's notebook editor works just as well: open the file and select the interpreter you installed gtrace into.

Run the cells from the top. The last chapter opens the viewer in the cell output, which is the part that wants anywidget; everything before it works without. The notebook writes its results next to itself — SeqTrace.dxf, NonSeq.dxf and MC.dxf from the tracing sections, and tutorial_viewer.html, tutorial_layout.json and tutorial_layout.dxf from the layout section.

To read it rather than run it: https://gtrace.readthedocs.io/en/latest/tutorial.html.

Usage

Build the optics with ordinary Python, collect them into a layout, and look at the result:

import gtrace.beam as beam
import gtrace.optcomp as opt
import gtrace.optics.gaussian as gauss
from gtrace.layout import OpticalLayout, TraceRules
from gtrace.unit import *
import numpy as np

src = beam.GaussianBeam(q0=gauss.Rw2q(ROC=np.inf, w=1*mm), wl=1064*nm,
                        pos=[0, 0], dirAngle=0, name='src')

M1 = opt.Mirror(HRcenter=[0.5, 0.0], normAngleHR=deg2rad(180-45),
                diameter=10*cm, thickness=5*cm, wedgeAngle=deg2rad(0.25),
                inv_ROC_HR=0.0, n=1.45, name='M1')
M2 = opt.Mirror(HRcenter=[0.5, 0.4], normAngleHR=deg2rad(-45),
                diameter=10*cm, thickness=5*cm, wedgeAngle=deg2rad(0.25),
                inv_ROC_HR=1.0/2.0, n=1.45, name='M2')

layout = OpticalLayout(optics=[M1, M2], sources=[src],
                       rules=TraceRules(order=10, power_threshold=1e-3))

layout.show()

show() opens an interactive viewer: click anywhere along a beam — not only at a vertex — and it reports the beam radius, the wavefront ROC, the complex q, the waist and its distance, the Rayleigh range, the Gouy phase and the accumulated optical path length at that point, separately in x and y.

In a Jupyter notebook it renders in the cell output and can be edited: drag an element to move it, shift-drag to rotate it, click it to edit its properties, and take back what you did not mean. The layout holds your objects by reference, so a mirror you move in the browser is the object your own code named, and the trace and the drawing follow.

Measure takes a dimension off the drawing: click the two points, then place the line. The ends snap to the corners and faces of the elements and to the ends of the beams, and where the whole span runs inside a substrate the optical distance is written alongside the physical one. Dimensions are kept with the layout and saved with it.

Outside a notebook it writes one self-contained HTML file — no server, nothing to install — which you can send to a collaborator, who can read the beam parameters off it and take dimensions on it:

layout.render_html('trace.html')

DXF output is unchanged and still the way to hand a layout to the rest of an engineering workflow:

import gtrace.draw.renderer as renderer
renderer.renderDXF(layout.draw(), 'trace.dxf')

Documentation

Full documentation, including the tutorial, is at https://gtrace.readthedocs.io/.

• Tutorial — conventions, beams, mirrors, sequential and non-sequential tracing, the KAGRA input mode cleaner, and the viewer. Runnable as docs/source/tutorial/gtrace-tutorial.ipynb.
• Basic concepts and Beam propagation — the conventions the whole package rests on.
• Optical layouts and The viewer.

The Manuals directory holds the slides the package was first presented with, on ABCD matrices, the q-parameter and the basic concepts.

License

BSD 2-Clause. See LICENSE.