hfortix 0.3.16

HFortix - Python SDK for Fortinet products (FortiOS, FortiManager, FortiAnalyzer)

HFortix - Fortinet Python SDK

Python client library for Fortinet products including FortiOS, FortiManager, and FortiAnalyzer.

🎯 Current Status

⚠️ BETA STATUS: All implementations are functional but in beta. APIs work correctly but may have incomplete parameter coverage or undiscovered edge cases.

FortiOS 7.6.5 Coverage (December 19, 2025):

• CMDB API: 37 of 37 categories (100% coverage) - 500+ endpoints 🔷 Beta
• Monitor API: 32 of 32 categories (100% coverage) - 200+ endpoints 🔷 Beta
• Log API: 5 of 5 categories (100% coverage) - Log reading functionality 🔷 Beta
• Service API: 3 of 3 categories (100% coverage) - 21 methods 🔷 Beta
• Overall: 77 of 77 categories (100% coverage) - 750+ API methods 🎉

Test Coverage: 226 test files (145 CMDB, 81 Monitor) with 75%+ pass rate (~50% of generated endpoints tested)

Note: All implementations remain in beta until version 1.0.0 with comprehensive unit test coverage.

🔥 Recent Highlights (December 2025):

• 🎉 100% API COVERAGE: Complete implementation of ALL documented FortiOS 7.6.5 API categories!
• 🚀 MASSIVE EXPANSION: Generated 500+ new endpoints across 37 CMDB + 32 Monitor categories
• 🔄 API Refactoring: All endpoints refactored with RESTful methods (.list(), .get(), .create(), .update(), .delete())
• ⚡ Dual-Pattern Interface: Flexible syntax supporting both dictionary and keyword arguments
• 🏗️ Repository Organization: Clean structure with all dev tools
• ⚡ Unified Module Generator: Single tool handles all edge cases (digit-prefixed names, certificates, nested resources)
• ✨ Monitor API (v0.3.11): 6 categories with 50+ monitoring endpoints (firewall stats, sessions, EMS, etc.)
• ✨ Log Configuration (v0.3.11): 56 endpoints for comprehensive logging setup
• ✨ Firewall Expansion (v0.3.11): FTP proxy, ICAP, IPS, DoS policies, access-proxy (WAF)

📖 Documentation:

• User Guide: QUICKSTART.md - Getting started guide
• Async Guide: ASYNC_GUIDE.md - Async/await support documentation
• API Method Reference: ENDPOINT_METHODS.md - All 857 endpoints with available methods
• Helper Methods Guide: HELPER_METHODS.md - Safe existence checking and best practices
• API Coverage: API_COVERAGE.md - Implementation status by category
• Full Changelog: CHANGELOG.md - Complete version history

Latest Features (v0.3.16):

• ✨ Read-Only Mode: Block all write operations for safe testing and CI/CD
  • Enable with read_only=True parameter
  • Raises ReadOnlyModeError on POST/PUT/DELETE attempts
  • GET requests execute normally
  • Perfect for testing, dry-run, training environments
• ✨ Operation Tracking: Complete audit logging of all API calls
  • Enable with track_operations=True parameter
  • Records timestamp, method, URL, data, status code, VDOM
  • Access via get_operations() and get_write_operations() methods
  • Useful for debugging, auditing, change logs, documentation
• ✨ Comprehensive Filter Documentation: Complete guide to FortiOS filtering
  • New FILTERING_GUIDE.md with 8 operators
  • 50+ practical examples for addresses, policies, interfaces, routes
  • Advanced patterns: ranges, exclusions, combined filters, pagination
• ✨ Username/Password Authentication: Session-based authentication support
  • Alternative to API token authentication
  • Automatic session management with proactive re-authentication
  • Configurable idle timeout (default: 5 minutes)
  • Context manager support for auto-logout
  • ⚠️ Works in FortiOS ≤7.4.x, removed in 7.6.x+ (use API tokens for new deployments)
• ✨ Firewall Policy Convenience Wrapper: Intuitive interface for policy management
  • Access via fgt.firewall.policy with explicit parameters
  • Simplified syntax instead of complex REST API calls
  • Full CRUD + .enable(), .disable(), .move(), .clone()

Also in v0.3.16:

• ✨ Async/Await Support: Full dual-mode support for async operations
  • Single FortiOS class works in both sync and async modes
  • All 750+ API methods support async with mode="async" parameter
  • All helper methods (.exists()) work transparently in both modes
  • Async context manager support with async with
  • Zero breaking changes - existing sync code continues to work
• ✨ 288 Endpoints Updated: All .exists() helper methods now async-aware
• 🏗️ Refactored Architecture: Improved code quality and maintainability
  • Protocol-based HTTP client interface (IHTTPClient) for extensibility
  • Eliminated 744 lines of duplicated code (35% reduction)
  • Shared base class (BaseHTTPClient) for sync and async clients
  • Enhanced testability and consistency across sync/async modes
  • Users can now provide custom HTTP client implementations

Also in v0.3.15:

• ✨ Request ID / Correlation Tracking: Auto-generated or custom request IDs for distributed tracing
• ✨ Circuit Breaker Pattern: Automatic fail-fast to prevent cascading failures (opens after 5 failures, auto-recovers)
• ✨ Connection Pool Metrics: Monitor HTTP client health with get_connection_stats() method
• ✨ Per-Endpoint Timeouts: Configure custom timeouts per endpoint with wildcard pattern support
• ✨ Structured Logging: Machine-readable logs with extra fields (request_id, endpoint, method, status_code, duration)
• ✨ 100% Backwards Compatible: All existing code works unchanged

Previous Release (v0.3.12):

• ✨ HTTP/2 Support: Modern httpx library with connection multiplexing for improved performance
• ✨ Automatic Retry Logic: Exponential backoff (1s, 2s, 4s, 8s, 30s max) for transient failures
• ✨ Enhanced Reliability: Retries on connection errors, timeouts, rate limits (429), server errors (500-504)
• ✨ Context Manager Support: Use with HTTPClient(...) as client: for automatic cleanup
• ✨ Retry Statistics: Track retry attempts by reason and endpoint
• ✨ Better Error Handling: Graceful fallback for non-JSON responses, improved logging

Previous Release (v0.3.11):

• ✨ FTP Proxy Category: FTP proxy configuration (1 endpoint)
  • explicit: FTP proxy explicit configuration with SSL/TLS support
  • FTPS support, SSL certificate management, custom encryption
  • 10 parameters: status, ports, IPs, security actions, SSL settings
  • Test coverage: 5 test sections with comprehensive validation
• ✨ Monitor API Categories: 6 categories implemented (18% coverage)
  • firewall/: 39 endpoints for firewall monitoring
  • Policy statistics, session monitoring, ACL counters
  • Address objects, traffic shapers, GTP stats
  • Special endpoints: policy-lookup (callable), clearpass-address (actions)
  • endpoint-control/: 7 endpoints for FortiClient EMS monitoring
  • azure/, casb/, extender-controller/, extension-controller/: Additional monitoring
  • Test coverage: 39 firewall tests with 100% pass rate
  • All endpoints support explicit parameters (no **kwargs)
• ✨ Log Configuration Category: 56 endpoints for comprehensive logging setup
  • Nested object pattern: fgt.api.cmdb.log.disk.filter.get()
  • Multiple FortiAnalyzer, syslog, TACACS+ server support
  • Custom fields, event filters, threat weights
• ✨ ICAP Category: Complete ICAP integration (3 endpoints, 30+ parameters)
• ✨ IPS Category: Full IPS management (8 endpoints)
  • Custom signatures, sensors, decoders, rules
• ✨ Monitoring & Report Categories: NPU-HPE monitoring, report layouts
• ✨ Firewall Category Expansion: 29 endpoints with nested objects
  • DoS policies, access-proxy (reverse proxy/WAF)
  • Schedule, service, shaper, SSH/SSL configurations

Previous Release (v0.3.10):

• ✨ Configurable Timeouts: Customize connection and read timeouts
  • connect_timeout: Connection establishment timeout (default: 10.0s)
  • read_timeout: Response read timeout (default: 300.0s)
  • Example: FortiOS(host='...', token='...', connect_timeout=30.0, read_timeout=600.0)
• ✨ URL Encoding for Special Characters: Automatic encoding of special characters in object names
  • Handles /, @, :, spaces, and other special characters
  • Works with objects like Test_NET_192.0.2.0/24 (IP addresses with CIDR notation)
  • Applied to all 145 CMDB endpoint files automatically
• ✅ Bug Fix: Fixed 404 errors when object names contain special characters

Previous Release (v0.3.9):

• ✨ raw_json Parameter: All 200+ API methods now support raw_json=True for full response access
• ✨ Logging System: Global and per-instance logging control
• ✅ Code Quality: 100% PEP 8 compliance (black + isort + flake8)
• ✅ Comprehensive Tests: 200+ test files covering all endpoints

Previous Releases:

• v0.3.8: Dual-pattern interface for all create/update methods
• v0.3.7: Packaging and layout improvements
• v0.3.6: Hidden internal CRUD methods for cleaner autocomplete
• v0.3.5: Enhanced IDE autocomplete with PEP 561 type hints
• v0.3.4: Unified import syntax documentation
• v0.3.0: Firewall endpoints expansion

🎯 Features

• Unified Package: Import all Fortinet products from a single package
• Type-Safe & Type-Checked: Full PEP 561 compliance with mypy/pyright support for IDE autocomplete
• Async/Await Support: Full dual-mode operation - works with both sync and async code
• Modular Architecture: Each product module can be used independently
• PyPI Installation: pip install hfortix - simple and straightforward
• Comprehensive Exception Handling: 387+ FortiOS error codes with detailed descriptions
• Automatic Retry Logic: Built-in retry mechanism with exponential backoff for transient failures
• HTTP/2 Support: Modern HTTP client with connection multiplexing for improved performance
• Circuit Breaker: Prevents cascade failures with automatic recovery
• Simplified APIs: Auto-conversion for common patterns (e.g., address group members)
• Well-Documented: Extensive API documentation and examples
• Modern Python: Type hints, PEP 585 compliance, Python 3.10+

📦 Available Modules

Module	Status	Description
FortiOS	✅ Active	FortiGate firewall management API
FortiManager	⏸️ Planned	Centralized management for FortiGate devices
FortiAnalyzer	⏸️ Planned	Log analysis and reporting platform

🚀 Installation

From PyPI (Recommended)

pip install hfortix

📖 Quick Start

Basic Usage

from hfortix import FortiOS

# Initialize with API token (recommended)
fgt = FortiOS(
    host='192.168.1.99',
    token='your-api-token',
    verify=False  # Use True in production with valid SSL cert
)

# List firewall addresses
addresses = fgt.api.cmdb.firewall.address.list()
print(f"Found {len(addresses['results'])} addresses")

# Create a new address
result = fgt.api.cmdb.firewall.address.create(
    name='web-server',
    subnet='192.168.10.50/32',
    comment='Production web server'
)

Raw JSON Response ✨

All API methods support raw_json parameter for full response access:

# Default behavior - returns just the results
addresses = fgt.api.cmdb.firewall.address.list()
print(addresses)  # ['obj1', 'obj2', 'obj3']

# With raw_json=True - returns complete API response
response = fgt.api.cmdb.firewall.address.list(raw_json=True)
print(response['http_status'])  # 200
print(response['status'])       # 'success'
print(response['results'])      # ['obj1', 'obj2', 'obj3']
print(response['serial'])       # 'FGT60FTK19000001'
print(response['version'])      # 'v7.6.5'

# Useful for error checking
result = fgt.api.cmdb.firewall.address.get('web-server', raw_json=True)
if result['http_status'] == 200:
    print(f"Object found: {result['results']}")
else:
    print(f"Error: {result.get('error', 'Unknown error')}")

Available on: All 45+ API methods (100% coverage)

Logging Control ✨

Control logging output globally or per-instance:

import hfortix
from hfortix import FortiOS

# Enable detailed logging globally for all instances
hfortix.set_log_level('DEBUG')  # Very verbose - all requests/responses
hfortix.set_log_level('INFO')   # Normal - request summaries
hfortix.set_log_level('WARNING') # Quiet - only warnings (default)
hfortix.set_log_level('ERROR')   # Silent - only errors
hfortix.set_log_level('OFF')     # No logging output

# Or enable logging for a specific instance
fgt = FortiOS('192.168.1.99', token='your-token', debug='info')

# Automatic sensitive data sanitization
# Tokens, passwords, and API keys are automatically masked in logs

Features:

• 5 log levels (DEBUG, INFO, WARNING, ERROR, OFF)
• Automatic sensitive data sanitization
• Request/response logging with timing
• Hierarchical loggers for fine-grained control

Read-Only Mode & Operation Tracking ✨ NEW in v0.3.16

Safe testing and comprehensive audit logging:

from hfortix import FortiOS
from hfortix.FortiOS.exceptions_forti import ReadOnlyModeError

# 1. Read-Only Mode - Block all write operations
fgt = FortiOS('192.168.1.99', token='your-token', read_only=True)

# GET requests work normally
status = fgt.api.monitor.system.status.get()  # ✅ Works

try:
    # POST/PUT/DELETE requests are blocked
    fgt.api.cmdb.firewall.address.post(data={"name": "test", "subnet": "10.0.0.1/32"})
except ReadOnlyModeError as e:
    print(f"Blocked: {e}")  # ❌ Raises ReadOnlyModeError

# Perfect for: testing, CI/CD pipelines, dry-run, training environments

# 2. Operation Tracking - Audit logging of all API calls
fgt = FortiOS('192.168.1.99', token='your-token', track_operations=True)

# Make some API calls
fgt.api.monitor.system.status.get()
fgt.api.cmdb.firewall.address.get(filter="name=@web")

# Get complete audit log
operations = fgt.get_operations()
for op in operations:
    print(f"{op['timestamp']} {op['method']} {op['path']} - Status: {op['status_code']}")

# Get only write operations (POST/PUT/DELETE)
write_ops = fgt.get_write_operations()
for op in write_ops:
    print(f"{op['method']} {op['path']}")
    if op['data']:
        print(f"  Data: {op['data']}")

# 3. Combine both features
fgt = FortiOS('192.168.1.99', token='your-token', 
              read_only=True, track_operations=True)

# Test your automation script safely while logging everything
try:
    # Your automation code here
    fgt.api.cmdb.firewall.policy.post(data={...})  # Blocked
except ReadOnlyModeError:
    pass

# Review what would have been executed
blocked_ops = [op for op in fgt.get_operations() if op.get('blocked_by_read_only')]
print(f"Would have executed {len(blocked_ops)} write operations")

Use Cases:

• Testing: Test automation scripts without affecting production
• CI/CD: Validate configuration changes in pipelines
• Auditing: Track all API operations for compliance
• Documentation: Auto-generate change logs from operations
• Debugging: See exact API call sequence
• Training: Safe environment for learning

Advanced Filtering ✨ Enhanced in v0.3.16

Complete guide to FortiOS native filter operators:

from hfortix import FortiOS

fgt = FortiOS('192.168.1.99', token='your-token')

# All 8 FortiOS filter operators:
addresses = fgt.api.cmdb.firewall.address.get(filter="name==web-server")      # Equals
addresses = fgt.api.cmdb.firewall.address.get(filter="name!=test")            # Not equals
addresses = fgt.api.cmdb.firewall.address.get(filter="subnet=@10.0")          # Contains
addresses = fgt.api.cmdb.firewall.address.get(filter="subnet!@192.168")       # Not contains
policies = fgt.api.cmdb.firewall.policy.get(filter="policyid<100")            # Less than
policies = fgt.api.cmdb.firewall.policy.get(filter="policyid<=100")           # Less than or equal
policies = fgt.api.cmdb.firewall.policy.get(filter="policyid>100")            # Greater than
policies = fgt.api.cmdb.firewall.policy.get(filter="policyid>=100")           # Greater than or equal

# Combine multiple filters (AND logic)
policies = fgt.api.cmdb.firewall.policy.get(
    filter="status==enable&action==accept&policyid>=100&policyid<=200"
)

# Range queries
addresses = fgt.api.cmdb.firewall.address.get(
    filter="subnet=@10.&comment=@production"
)

# See FILTERING_GUIDE.md for 50+ examples

Documentation: FILTERING_GUIDE.md

Username/Password Authentication ✨ NEW in v0.3.16

Session-based authentication with automatic session management:

from hfortix import FortiOS

# Context manager - recommended (auto-logout)
with FortiOS('192.168.1.99', username='admin', password='password', 
             verify=False) as fgt:
    # Session automatically created
    addresses = fgt.api.cmdb.firewall.address.get()
    # Session automatically cleaned up on exit

# Manual session management
fgt = FortiOS('192.168.1.99', username='admin', password='password')
# Login happens automatically
addresses = fgt.api.cmdb.firewall.address.get()
fgt.close()  # Manual logout

# Configure session timeout (default: 5 minutes)
with FortiOS('192.168.1.99', username='admin', password='password',
             session_idle_timeout=600) as fgt:  # 10 minutes
    # Proactive re-auth at 80% of timeout (8 minutes)
    # Timer resets on each request (idle timer)
    addresses = fgt.api.cmdb.firewall.address.get()

# Disable proactive re-auth
fgt = FortiOS('192.168.1.99', username='admin', password='password',
              session_idle_timeout=None)

Important Notes:

• ⚠️ Username/password works in FortiOS ≤7.4.x but removed in 7.6.x+
• 🔒 Use API token authentication for production deployments
• ⏱️ Idle timer resets on each API request
• 🔄 Proactive re-auth at 80% of idle timeout
• 📌 Context manager required for proactive re-auth

Advanced HTTP Features ✨ v0.3.15

Enterprise-grade reliability and observability features:

from hfortix import FortiOS

fgt = FortiOS('192.168.1.99', token='your-token', verify=False)

# 1. Request correlation tracking (auto-generated or custom)
result = fgt._client.request(
    "GET", "monitor", "system/status",
    request_id="batch-update-2025-12-17"
)

# 2. Monitor connection pool health
stats = fgt._client.get_connection_stats()
print(f"Circuit breaker: {stats['circuit_breaker_state']}")
print(f"HTTP/2 enabled: {stats['http2_enabled']}")

# 3. Circuit breaker pattern (automatic fail-fast)
# Opens after 5 consecutive failures, auto-recovers after 60s
try:
    result = fgt.api.monitor.system.status.get()
except RuntimeError as e:
    if "Circuit breaker is OPEN" in str(e):
        print("Service is down - failing fast")
        fgt._client.reset_circuit_breaker()  # Manual reset

# 4. Per-endpoint timeouts (custom timeouts for slow endpoints)
fgt._client.configure_endpoint_timeout('monitor/*', read=10.0)
fgt._client.configure_endpoint_timeout('cmdb/firewall/policy', read=600.0)

# 5. Structured logging (machine-readable logs with extra fields)
# All logs include: request_id, endpoint, method, status_code, duration
# Compatible with Elasticsearch, Splunk, CloudWatch

Benefits:

• Request Tracking: Trace requests across distributed systems
• Circuit Breaker: Prevent cascading failures during outages
• Metrics: Monitor connection pool health and performance
• Fine-tuned Timeouts: Different timeouts for fast/slow endpoints
• Structured Logs: Machine-readable for log aggregation tools

Dual-Pattern Interface ✨

HFortix supports flexible dual-pattern syntax - use dictionaries, keywords, or mix both:

# Pattern 1: Dictionary-based (great for templates)
config = {
    'name': 'web-server',
    'subnet': '192.168.10.50/32',
    'comment': 'Production web server'
}
fgt.api.cmdb.firewall.address.create(data_dict=config)

# Pattern 2: Keyword-based (great for readability)
fgt.api.cmdb.firewall.address.create(
    name='web-server',
    subnet='192.168.10.50/32',
    comment='Production web server'
)

# Pattern 3: Mixed (template + overrides)
base_config = load_template('address_template.json')
fgt.api.cmdb.firewall.address.create(
    data_dict=base_config,
    name=f'server-{site_id}',  # Override name
    comment=f'Site: {site_name}'
)

Available on: 43 methods across 13 categories (100% coverage)

• All CMDB create/update operations (38 endpoints)
• Service operations (5 methods)

Exception Handling

from hfortix import (
    FortiOS,
    APIError,
    ResourceNotFoundError,
    DuplicateEntryError
)

try:
    result = fgt.api.cmdb.firewall.address.create(
        name='test-address',
        subnet='10.0.0.0/24'
    )
except DuplicateEntryError as e:
    print(f"Address already exists: {e}")
except ResourceNotFoundError as e:
    print(f"Resource not found: {e}")
except APIError as e:
    print(f"API Error: {e.message}")
    print(f"HTTP Status: {e.http_status}")
    print(f"Error Code: {e.error_code}")

🏗️ Project Structure

fortinet/
├── hfortix/                  # Main package
│   ├── __init__.py           # Public API exports
│   ├── exceptions.py         # Base exceptions
│   ├── exceptions_forti.py   # FortiOS-specific error codes/helpers
│   ├── py.typed              # PEP 561 marker
│   └── FortiOS/
│       ├── __init__.py
│       ├── fortios.py        # FortiOS client
│       ├── http_client.py    # Internal HTTP client
│       ├── exceptions.py     # FortiOS re-exports
│       └── api/
│           └── v2/
│               ├── cmdb/     # Configuration endpoints
│               ├── log/      # Log reading endpoints
│               ├── service/  # Service operations
│               └── monitor/  # Monitoring endpoints
├── setup.py                  # Package configuration
├── pyproject.toml            # Build system config
├── README.md                 # This file
├── QUICKSTART.md             # Quick reference guide
├── API_COVERAGE.md           # API implementation status
└── CHANGELOG.md              # Version history

🔍 Module Discovery

Check which modules are available:

from hfortix import get_available_modules

modules = get_available_modules()
print(modules)
# {'FortiOS': True, 'FortiManager': False, 'FortiAnalyzer': False}

🎓 Examples

FortiOS - Firewall Address Management

from hfortix import FortiOS

fgt = FortiOS(host='192.168.1.99', token='your-token', verify=False)

# List addresses
addresses = fgt.api.cmdb.firewall.address.list()

# Create address
result = fgt.api.cmdb.firewall.address.create(
    name='web-server',
    subnet='10.0.1.100/32',
    comment='Production web server'
)

# Update address
result = fgt.api.cmdb.firewall.address.update(
    name='web-server',
    comment='Updated comment'
)

# Delete address
result = fgt.api.cmdb.firewall.address.delete(name='web-server')

FortiOS - DoS Protection (NEW!)

# Create IPv4 DoS policy with simplified API
result = fgt.api.cmdb.firewall.dos_policy.create(
    policyid=1,
    name='protect-web-servers',
    interface='port3',              # Simple string format
    srcaddr=['all'],                # Simple list format
    dstaddr=['web-servers'],
    service=['HTTP', 'HTTPS'],
    status='enable',
    comments='Protect web farm from DoS attacks'
)

# API automatically converts to FortiGate format:
# interface='port3' → {'q_origin_key': 'port3'}
# service=['HTTP'] → [{'name': 'HTTP'}]

# Custom anomaly detection thresholds
result = fgt.api.cmdb.firewall.dos_policy.create(
    policyid=2,
    name='strict-dos-policy',
    interface='wan1',
    srcaddr=['all'],
    dstaddr=['all'],
    service=['ALL'],
    anomaly=[
        {'name': 'tcp_syn_flood', 'threshold': 500, 'action': 'block'},
        {'name': 'udp_flood', 'threshold': 1000, 'action': 'block'}
    ]
)

FortiOS - Reverse Proxy/WAF (NEW!)

# Create access proxy (requires VIP with type='access-proxy')
result = fgt.api.cmdb.firewall.access_proxy.create(
    name='web-proxy',
    vip='web-vip',                    # VIP must be type='access-proxy'
    auth_portal='enable',
    log_blocked_traffic='enable',
    http_supported_max_version='2.0',
    svr_pool_multiplex='enable'
)

# Create virtual host with simplified API
result = fgt.api.cmdb.firewall.access_proxy_virtual_host.create(
    name='api-vhost',
    host='*.api.example.com',
    host_type='wildcard',
    ssl_certificate='Fortinet_Factory'  # String auto-converts to list
)

# API automatically converts:
# ssl_certificate='cert' → [{'name': 'cert'}]

FortiOS - Address & Address Group Management (NEW!)

# Create IPv4 address (subnet)
result = fgt.api.cmdb.firewall.address.create(
    name='internal-net',
    type='ipmask',
    subnet='192.168.1.0/24',
    comment='Internal network'
)

# Create IPv4 address (IP range)
result = fgt.api.cmdb.firewall.address.create(
    name='dhcp-range',
    type='iprange',
    start_ip='192.168.1.100',
    end_ip='192.168.1.200'
)

# Create IPv4 address (FQDN)
result = fgt.api.cmdb.firewall.address.create(
    name='google-dns',
    type='fqdn',
    fqdn='dns.google.com'
)

# Create IPv6 address
result = fgt.api.cmdb.firewall.address6.create(
    name='ipv6-internal',
    type='ipprefix',
    ip6='2001:db8::/32',
    comment='IPv6 internal network'
)

# Create address group with simplified API
result = fgt.api.cmdb.firewall.addrgrp.create(
    name='internal-networks',
    member=['subnet1', 'subnet2', 'subnet3'],  # Simple string list!
    comment='All internal networks'
)

# API automatically converts:
# member=['addr1', 'addr2'] → [{'name': 'addr1'}, {'name': 'addr2'}]

# Create IPv6 address group
result = fgt.api.cmdb.firewall.addrgrp6.create(
    name='ipv6-internal-networks',
    member=['ipv6-subnet1', 'ipv6-subnet2'],
    comment='All internal IPv6 networks'
)

# Create IPv6 address template
result = fgt.api.cmdb.firewall.address6_template.create(
    name='ipv6-subnet-template',
    ip6='2001:db8::/32',
    subnet_segment_count=2,
    comment='IPv6 subnet template'
)

FortiOS - Schedule Management

# Create recurring schedule
result = fgt.api.cmdb.firewall.schedule.recurring.create(
    name='business-hours',
    day=['monday', 'tuesday', 'wednesday', 'thursday', 'friday'],
    start='08:00',
    end='18:00'
)

# Create one-time schedule
from datetime import datetime, timedelta
tomorrow = datetime.now() + timedelta(days=1)
start = f"09:00 {tomorrow.strftime('%Y/%m/%d')}"
end = f"17:00 {tomorrow.strftime('%Y/%m/%d')}"

result = fgt.api.cmdb.firewall.schedule.onetime.create(
    name='maintenance-window',
    start=start,
    end=end,
    color=5
)

FortiOS - Routing Protocols (Singleton Endpoints) ⚠️

Important: Routing protocol configurations use a different pattern than collection endpoints.

Collection Endpoints (addresses, policies, etc.) support standard CRUD:

# Standard CRUD - simple and intuitive
fgt.api.cmdb.firewall.address.create(name='test', subnet='192.168.1.0/24')
fgt.api.cmdb.firewall.address.update(name='test', comment='updated')
fgt.api.cmdb.firewall.address.delete('test')

Singleton Endpoints (BGP, OSPF, RIP, ISIS, etc.) require GET→Modify→PUT pattern:

# BGP Neighbor Management - requires full config update
# Step 1: Get current BGP configuration
result = fgt.api.cmdb.router.bgp.get()

# Step 2: Extract config (handles different response formats)
if isinstance(result, list):
    config = result[0] if result else {}
elif isinstance(result, dict) and 'results' in result:
    config = result['results']
    if isinstance(config, list):
        config = config[0] if config else {}
else:
    config = result

# Step 3: Modify nested objects (neighbors, networks, etc.)
neighbors = config.get('neighbor', [])
neighbors.append({
    'ip': '10.0.0.1',
    'remote-as': 65001,
    'description': 'New BGP neighbor',
    'shutdown': 'enable'  # Disabled for safety
})
config['neighbor'] = neighbors

# Step 4: Send entire config back
result = fgt.api.cmdb.router.bgp.update(data_dict=config)

# Verify
config = fgt.api.cmdb.router.bgp.get()
# Extract config again (same as step 2)
neighbors = config.get('neighbor', []) if isinstance(config, dict) else []
print(f"BGP now has {len(neighbors)} neighbors")

# OSPF Network Management - same pattern
config = fgt.api.cmdb.router.ospf.get()
# Extract config (same pattern as BGP)
if isinstance(config, list):
    config = config[0] if config else {}

networks = config.get('network', [])
networks.append({
    'id': 9999,
    'prefix': '192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0'
})
config['network'] = networks
fgt.api.cmdb.router.ospf.update(data_dict=config)

# RIP Network Management
config = fgt.api.cmdb.router.rip.get()
if isinstance(config, list):
    config = config[0]

networks = config.get('network', [])
networks.append({'id': 1, 'prefix': '10.0.0.0 255.0.0.0'})
config['network'] = networks
fgt.api.cmdb.router.rip.update(data_dict=config)

Why This Pattern?

• FortiOS API design: Routing protocols are singleton objects (only one BGP/OSPF/RIP config per VDOM)
• Nested objects (neighbors, networks, areas) are managed as lists within the main config
• The API requires sending the entire configuration on updates to maintain consistency

Future Enhancement: Helper methods are planned to simplify this pattern:

# Planned for future release (not yet available)
fgt.api.cmdb.router.bgp.add_neighbor(ip='10.0.0.1', remote_as=65001)
fgt.api.cmdb.router.bgp.remove_neighbor('10.0.0.1')
fgt.api.cmdb.router.bgp.list_neighbors()

Affected Endpoints:

• router/bgp - BGP neighbors, networks, aggregate addresses, VRFs
• router/ospf - OSPF areas, interfaces, networks, neighbors
• router/ospf6 - OSPFv3 areas, interfaces
• router/rip - RIP networks, neighbors, interfaces
• router/ripng - RIPng networks, neighbors
• router/isis - IS-IS NETs, interfaces
• router/bfd - BFD neighbors (IPv4)
• router/bfd6 - BFD neighbors (IPv6)

See the test files in the development workspace for complete working examples.

### Helper Methods - Safe Existence Checking ✨

The `.exists()` helper method provides safe existence checking on 288 CMDB endpoints without raising exceptions:

```python
from hfortix import FortiOS

fgt = FortiOS(host='192.168.1.99', token='your-token', verify=False)

# Check if object exists before operations
if fgt.api.cmdb.firewall.address.exists('web-server'):
    print("Address already exists")
    fgt.api.cmdb.firewall.address.update('web-server', comment='Updated')
else:
    print("Creating new address")
    fgt.api.cmdb.firewall.address.create(
        name='web-server',
        subnet='10.0.1.100/32'
    )

# Safe deletion pattern
if fgt.api.cmdb.user.local.exists('testuser'):
    fgt.api.cmdb.user.local.delete('testuser')

# Conditional processing
users = ['alice', 'bob', 'charlie']
for user in users:
    if not fgt.api.cmdb.user.local.exists(user):
        fgt.api.cmdb.user.local.create(
            name=user,
            type='password',
            passwd='SecureP@ss123'
        )

Available on: 288 endpoints with full CRUD operations (firewall addresses, policies, users, VPN configs, etc.)

📚 Complete Documentation:

• See HELPER_METHODS.md for detailed guide with examples
• See ENDPOINT_METHODS.md for complete API method reference

Exception Hierarchy

Exception
└── FortinetError (base)
    ├── AuthenticationError
    ├── AuthorizationError
    └── APIError
        ├── ResourceNotFoundError (404)
        ├── BadRequestError (400)
        ├── MethodNotAllowedError (405)
        ├── RateLimitError (429)
        ├── ServerError (500)
        ├── DuplicateEntryError (-5, -15, -100)
        ├── EntryInUseError (-23, -94, -95)
        ├── InvalidValueError (-651, -1, -50)
        └── PermissionDeniedError (-14, -37)

🧪 Testing

Note: This SDK is currently in beta (v0.3.x). All endpoints are functional but will remain in beta status until version 1.0.0 with comprehensive unit test coverage.

Current Status:

• All implemented endpoints are tested against live FortiGate devices
• Integration testing performed during development
• Unit test framework planned for v1.0.0 release

📝 Version

Current version: 0.3.16 (See CHANGELOG.md for release notes)

from hfortix import get_version
print(get_version())

🤝 Contributing

Contributions are welcome! Please feel free to:

• Report bugs and issues
• Suggest new features or improvements
• Submit pull requests

For code contributions:

1. Fork the repository
2. Create a feature branch
3. Make your changes with proper tests
4. Submit a pull request with clear description

📄 License

Proprietary License - Free for personal, educational, and business use.

You may:

• Use for personal projects and learning
• Use in your business operations
• Deploy in client environments
• Use in managed services and technical support

You may not:

• Sell the software itself as a standalone product
• Redistribute as your own product

See CHANGELOG.md v0.2.0 for details.

🔗 Links

• FortiOS API Documentation
• FortiManager API Documentation
• FortiAnalyzer API Documentation

💡 Tips

• Use API Tokens: Only token-based authentication is supported for FortiOS REST API
• Error Handling: Always catch specific exceptions for better error handling
• Verify SSL: Set verify=True in production (requires valid certificates)
• Automatic Retries: Built-in retry logic handles transient failures (429, 500, 502, 503, 504)
• Connection Pooling: HTTP/2 support with connection multiplexing for better performance
• Timeout Configuration: Customize connect_timeout and read_timeout for your environment
• Logging: Use hfortix.set_log_level('INFO') for request/response debugging

⚙️ Configuration

Environment Variables

export FGT_HOST="192.168.1.99"
export FGT_TOKEN="your-api-token"
export FGT_VERIFY_SSL="false"

Using .env File

from dotenv import load_dotenv
import os

load_dotenv()

fgt = FortiOS(
    host=os.getenv('FGT_HOST'),
    token=os.getenv('FGT_TOKEN'),
    verify=os.getenv('FGT_VERIFY_SSL', 'false').lower() == 'true'
)

🎯 Roadmap

• [🚧] FortiOS API implementation (In Development)
  • Exception handling system (387 error codes)
  • Base client architecture with HTTP/2, retry logic, circuit breaker
  • [🔷] CMDB endpoints (Beta - 57.5% coverage, 23/40 categories)
    • [🔷] Firewall (address, policy, service, DoS, ICAP, IPS, etc.) - Beta
    • [🔷] System (interface, admin, global, etc.) - Beta
    • [🔷] Router (static, bgp, ospf, rip, isis, etc.) - NEW Beta ⚠️ See note below
    • [🔷] VPN (IPsec, SSL, etc.) - Beta
    • [🔷] Log (disk, syslog, fortianalyzer, etc.) - Beta
    • [🔷] Wireless Controller, User, Web Filter, Application - Beta
    • Remaining 17 categories (Switch Controller, WAD, etc.)
  • [🔷] Monitor endpoints (Beta - 18% coverage, 6/33 categories)
    • [🔷] Firewall, Endpoint Control, Azure, CASB, Extender - Beta
    • Remaining 27 categories
  • [🔷] Service endpoints (Beta - 100% coverage, 3/3 categories)
    • Sniffer, Security Rating, etc.
  • [🔷] Log endpoints (Beta - 100% coverage, 5/5 categories)
    • Traffic, Event, Virus, etc.
• Modular package architecture
• PyPI package publication (hfortix on PyPI)
• FortiManager module (Not Started)
• FortiAnalyzer module (Not Started)
• Helper methods for singleton routing endpoints (Planned)
• Async/await support (Implemented in v0.3.15)
• CLI tool (Planned)

⚠️ Important Note: Singleton Routing Endpoints (Beta)

Routing protocol configurations (BGP, OSPF, RIP, ISIS, etc.) use a different pattern than collection endpoints:

• Collection Endpoints (addresses, policies, etc.): Use standard CRUD operations

  # Simple add/remove pattern
  fgt.api.cmdb.firewall.address.create(name='test', subnet='192.168.1.0/24')
  fgt.api.cmdb.firewall.address.delete('test')
  

• Singleton Endpoints (bgp, ospf, rip, isis, etc.): Require GET→Modify→PUT pattern

  # Must get entire config, modify, and send back
  config = fgt.api.cmdb.router.bgp.get()
  config['neighbor'].append({'ip': '10.0.0.1', 'remote-as': 65001})
  fgt.api.cmdb.router.bgp.update(data_dict=config)
  

Why? This is a FortiOS API design - routing protocols are singleton objects with nested lists (neighbors, networks, areas). The API requires sending the entire configuration on updates.

Future Enhancement: Helper methods like add_neighbor(), remove_neighbor(), list_neighbors() are planned to simplify this pattern.

Affected Endpoints:

• router/bgp - BGP neighbors, networks, VRFs
• router/ospf - OSPF areas, interfaces, networks
• router/ospf6 - OSPFv3 configuration
• router/rip - RIP networks, neighbors
• router/ripng - RIPng configuration
• router/isis - IS-IS NETs, interfaces
• router/bfd - BFD neighbors (IPv4)
• router/bfd6 - BFD neighbors (IPv6)

All implementations remain in BETA until version 1.0.0 with comprehensive unit test coverage.

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👤 Author

Herman W. Jacobsen

• Email: [e-mail]
• LinkedIn: linkedin.com/in/hermanwjacobsen
• GitHub: @hermanwjacobsen

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