ipclassifier 1.0.2

Classifies English iambic pentameter poetry by period

Premodern Iambic Pentameter Period Classifier

Overview

ipclassifier accepts a text file, which should be lines of pre-modern English iambic pentameter, and outputs the period/style classification. It only uses features derived from prosody to make a classification.

Methodology

After ipclassifier cleans and tokenizes the input text, lines are scanned. A set of transformations is applied until either the line can be made to conform to ideal iambic pentameter (WSWSWSWSWS) or the line is determined to be "invalid." Here are the sequence of transformations:

1. No transformation necessary (scans as is)
2. Demote compound stresses (mostly an artifact of the initial processing--some compounds are processed as two words, with the result that a single word has two primary stresses)
3. Demote stressed monosyllables
4. Promote unstressed monosyllables
5. Promote unstressed syllables in polysyllabic words (the primary stress is not altered)
6. Demote primary stress in polysyllabic words
7. “invalid line” (if we assume that all input lines are valid, this is basically a measure of the scanner's error rate)

For a set of lines, features are then extracted. Here are the features:

1. A one-hot encoded array of words whose primary stress had to be altered (rule 6 above)
2. The average of the sample's transformation rules (ex: 4.2)
3. The average words per line
4. The average syllables per line
5. The individual ratios of each sample's transformation rules

These features are then fed into two models. The primary model is a Multinomial Naive Bayes. This is supplemented by a second Complement Naive Bayes model.

The model(s) is trained on approximately 15,000 lines, in groups of 100 lines, from each of the following categories:

• 15th Century (Chaucer, Gower, Henryson)
• 16th Century (Marlowe, Raleigh, Shakespeare, Sidney, Skelton, Spencer, Surrey, Wyatt)
• 17th Century (Donne, Dryden, Jonson, Milton, Vaughan)
• 18th Century (Akenside, Cowper, Johnson, Pope, Swift)
• 19th Century, Romantic (Byron, Coleridge, Shelley, Wordsworth)
• 19th Century, Victorian (Arnold, Browning, Swinburne, Tennyson, Wilde)

The trained model's accuracy is in the upper 90s.

There is an /OUT_OF_SAMPLE folder for demonstration purposes. None of the lines are by poets found in the train/test data.

Installation

from pip

pip install ipclassifier

or Docker

docker build -t ipcontainer .
docker run -it ipcontainer bash

NOTE: The relevant nltk datasets are included in the module, in order to avoid having to download additional required files.

Usage

ipclassifier can be run either as a script or as a module.

my_poem.txt:

First was the World as one great Cymbal made,
Where Jarring Windes to infant Nature plaid.
All Musick was a solitary sound,
To hollow Rocks and murm'ring Fountains bound.
Jubal first made the wilder Notes agree;
And Jubal tun'd Musicks Jubilee:
He call'd the Ecchoes from their sullen Cell,
And built the Organs City where they dwell.
Each sought a consort in that lovely place;
And Virgin Trebles wed the manly Base.
From whence the Progeny of numbers new
Into harmonious Colonies withdrew.
Some to the Lute, some to the Viol went,
And others chose the Cornet eloquent.
These practising the Wind, and those the Wire,
To sing Mens Triumphs, or in Heavens quire.
Then Musick, the Mosaique of the Air,
Did of all these a solemn noise prepare:
With which She gain'd the Empire of the Ear,
Including all between the Earth and Sphear.
Victorious sounds yet here your Homage do
Unto a gentler Conqueror then you;
Who though He flies the Musick of his praise,
Would with you Heavens Hallelujahs raise.

NOTE: Accuracy is best with 100 or more lines.

From the command line

python -m ipclassifier -f my_poem.txt
>>> processing starting...
>>> Your text is probably 17th-Century

As a module

my_file.py:

from ipclassifier.runners import classify_ip

my_filename = "my_poem.txt"
classification = classify_ip(my_filename)
# classification = "17th-Century"

Tests

To run unit tests:

python -m unittest

Credit

Aside from explicit dependencies,ipclassifier uses code from the following projects:

• https://github.com/jrladd/regularize
• https://github.com/kylebgorman/syllabify
• https://gist.github.com/rcortini/0d05417339bc74300ce3a971442a4d3c