lab-1806-vec-db 0.8.0

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lab-1806-vec-db

Lab 1806 Vector Database.

See Rust source code at GitHub lab-1806-vec-db

Getting Started with Python

Get the latest version from PyPI lab-1806-vec-db.

pip install lab-1806-vec-db

Basic Usage

VecDB is recommended for most cases as a high-level API.

If the default Flat index cannot meet your performance requirements, try:

• Call build_hnsw_index() when creating a table or adding data. But the delete operation will clear the established HNSW index.
• Call build_pq_index() when all the data is added. But any write operation will clear the established PQ index.

Warning: All the arguments are positional, DO NOT use keyword arguments like upper_bound=0.5.

from lab_1806_vec_db import VecDB

# uv sync --reinstall-package lab_1806_vec_db
# uv run -m examples.test_pyo3

db = VecDB("./tmp/vec_db")
for key in db.get_all_keys():
    db.delete_table(key)

keys = db.get_all_keys()
assert len(keys) == 0, "Test failed"

db.create_table_if_not_exists("table_1", 4)
db.add("table_1", [1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0], {"content": "a"})
db.add("table_1", [0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0], {"content": "b"})
db.build_hnsw_index("table_1")
db.add("table_1", [0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0], {"content": "c"})
db.add("table_1", [0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 1.0], {"content": "d", "type": "oops"})
assert db.has_hnsw_index("table_1"), "Add operation should not clear HNSW index"

db.delete("table_1", {"type": "oops"})
assert db.get_len("table_1") == 3, "Test failed"
assert not db.has_hnsw_index("table_1"), (
    "HNSW index should be cleared when a vector is deleted"
)

db.build_hnsw_index("table_1")
db.build_pq_table("table_1")
result = db.search("table_1", [1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0], 3, None, 0.5)
print(result)
assert len(result) == 1, "Test failed"
assert result[0][0]["content"] == "a", "Test failed"

# Manually call `db.force_save()` when you are using the database in Jupyter Notebook or FastAPI,
# since the program may not exit normally.

print("Test passed")

About multi-threading

VecDB is thread-safe. You can use it in multiple threads, and it will handle the lock automatically.

When methods on VecDB is called, GIL will be temporarily released, so other threads can run Python code.

Feel free to use this in FastAPI routes or other environments with ThreadPools.

See also multi-threading example.

About auto-saving

Safe to interrupt the process on Python Level at any time with Exception or KeyboardInterrupt.

See test_exception.py for an example.

However some platform may have timeout when shutting down, call db.force_save() in lifespan to ensure the data is saved in FastAPI.

Development with Rust

# Install Rustup
curl --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 -sSf https://sh.rustup.rs | sh
. "$HOME/.cargo/env"

# Then install the rust-analyzer extension in VSCode.
# You may need to set "rust-analyzer.runnables.extraEnv" in VSCode Machine settings.
# The value should be like {"PATH":""} and make sure that `/home/YOUR_NAME/.cargo/bin` is in it.
# Otherwise you may fail when press the `Run test` button.

# Run tests
# Add `-r` to test with release mode
cargo test
# Or you can click the 'Run Test' button in VSCode to show output.
# Our GitHub Actions will also run the tests.

Test Python Bindings

Install Python >=3.10,<3.13 and uv.

# Run the Python test
uv sync --reinstall-package lab_1806_vec_db
uv run -m examples.test_pyo3

# Build the Python Wheel Release
uv build

Examples Binaries

• src/bin/convert_fvecs.rs: Convert the fvecs format to the binary format.
• src/bin/gen_ground_truth.rs: Generate the ground truth for the query.
• examples/bench.rs: The benchmark for index algorithms.

Dataset

Download Gist1M dataset from:

• Official: http://corpus-texmex.irisa.fr/

• Ours: Recommended faster, and already converted to the binary format.

  https://huggingface.co/datasets/pku-lab-1806-llm/gist-for-lab-1806-vec-db

Then, you can run the examples to test the database.

Note that pre-built index file may be outdated. You can build it yourself.