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minethon 是教學導向的 Python mineflayer SDK。

底層透過 JSPyBridge 驅動 mineflayer,但公開 API 收斂成同步 callback、薄門面、完整 stub — 讓學生不需要先學 Node.js、EventEmitter、asyncio,也能一行一行看懂並自己仿寫。

特色

  • 同步命令式 API — bot.wait_spawn() → bot.move_forward(3) → bot.dig(),全部阻塞、回傳原生型別,學員寫一行看懂一行
  • 同步 callback API — 繼承 EventAdaptor、覆寫 on_<event>、用 bot.bind(...) 一次綁完,沒有 await 也沒有 event loop
  • 完整型別層 — bot.pyi 由 mineflayer 官方 index.d.ts 自動生成,IDE hover 顯示中文說明
  • 單一事件入口 — 所有事件統一走 EventAdaptor 子類別 + bot.bind(...),避免多套 API 並存造成學習負擔
  • Class-based handler — EventAdaptor 內附完整型別簽名,IDE 的「Override methods」可一鍵填入正確參數
  • Pathfinding — 內建 typed 支援的 mineflayer-pathfinder,bot.pathfinder.goto(...) 直接可用
  • 顯式版本釘選 — 非內建 plugin 必須傳版本字串,避免 JSPyBridge 在 runtime 偷裝 latest

前置需求

項目 需求
Python 3.14+
Node.js 22+
Minecraft Server Java Edition

安裝

./setup.sh

setup.sh 會:

  • 跑 uv sync 安裝 Python 依賴
  • 檢查 Node.js 22+
  • 預裝 pinned 的 mineflayer、vec3、mineflayer-pathfinder

Node.js 必須在 PATH 中可用。setup.sh 啟動時會自動檢查。

快速開始

同步寫法(推薦初學者)

直線腳本,一行做一件事,沒有 callback 也沒有 await:

from minethon import create_bot

bot = create_bot(host="localhost", username="pybot")

bot.wait_spawn()                 # 卡住直到進入世界
bot.move_forward(3)              # 往前走 3 格(不用 pathfinder)
bot.dig()                        # 挖掉正在看的方塊
x, y, z = bot.get_pos()
bot.chat(f"我在 ({x:.0f}, {y:.0f}, {z:.0f})")

完整方法表見 skills/minethon/(也是給 AI 看的接口說明)。

事件寫法

要「反應」聊天、被打、玩家進出等事件時,繼承 EventAdaptor:

from minethon import EventAdaptor, create_bot
from minethon.models import ChatMessage

bot = create_bot(host="localhost", username="pybot")


class Greeter(EventAdaptor):
    def on_spawn(self) -> None:
        bot.chat("hello")

    def on_chat(
        self,
        username: str,
        message: str,
        translate: str | None,
        json_msg: ChatMessage,
        matches: list[str] | None,
    ) -> None:
        if username == bot.username:
            return
        if message == "quit":
            bot.quit("bye")

    def on_end(self, reason: str) -> None:
        print(f"Disconnected: {reason}")


bot.bind(Greeter())
bot.run_forever()

事件 API

唯一公開寫法:繼承 EventAdaptor、覆寫想要的 on_<event> 方法、用 bot.bind(instance) 綁定。

from minethon import EventAdaptor, create_bot


class My(EventAdaptor):
    def on_spawn(self) -> None:
        print(f"Spawned as {bot.username}")

    def on_chat(self, username, message, *_):
        if message == "quit":
            bot.quit("bye")


bot = create_bot(host="localhost", username="pybot")
bot.bind(My())
bot.run_forever()

歷史寫法已全部移除,不再是公開 API:

  • @bot.on("chat")(字串)
  • @bot.on(BotEvent.CHAT) / @bot.once(BotEvent.CHAT)(enum decorator)
  • @bot.on_<event> / @bot.once_<event>(屬性 shortcut)

統一只剩 EventAdaptor 一條路,避免初學者在多套 API 之間迷失方向。

型別與匯入

常用型別可從 minethon.models 匯入:

from minethon.models import Block, ChatMessage, Entity, Item, Player, Vec3

這些是公開型別 shell,實際成員面以 src/minethon/bot.pyi 為準。

版本規則

  • create_bot(...) 內部固定使用 pinned 的 mineflayer
  • bot.load_plugin("mineflayer-pathfinder") 可省略版本,會用內建 pin
  • 其他 npm 套件必須顯式版本:
viewer = bot.require("prismarine-viewer", "1.33.0")
tool = bot.load_plugin("mineflayer-tool", "1.5.0", export_key="plugin")

這是刻意設計,用來避免 JSPyBridge 在 runtime 偷裝 latest,確保教學範例在學生環境可重現。

範例

範例 說明
linear_actions 同步命令式 API:走路、轉向、挖方塊、回報座標
drasl_auth 透過自建 Drasl 驗證伺服器連線並回應聊天

專案結構

src/minethon/
├── __init__.py         # 使用者入口(re-export create_bot / Bot / BotEvent / EventAdaptor / 錯誤類)
├── bot.py              # runtime façade:event decorator、plugin loading、版本 guard
├── bot.pyi             # 生成的 IDE 型別層(由 scripts/generate_stubs.py 產出)
├── _events.py          # 生成的 BotEvent StrEnum
├── _handlers.py        # 生成的 EventAdaptor 基底類別
├── _bridge.py          # JSPyBridge 封裝:callback thread、emitter 注入、handler 正規化
├── _type_shells.py     # 內部型別 shell 實作
├── errors.py           # 公開錯誤類(MinethonError、NotSpawnedError、VersionPinRequiredError 等)
├── py.typed            # PEP 561 型別支援標記
└── models/             # 可匯入的公開型別 shell
    ├── __init__.py
    └── __init__.pyi

scripts/
├── generate_stubs.py   # 從 mineflayer / pathfinder d.ts 生成 bot.pyi / _events.py / _handlers.py
└── format.sh           # 一鍵 regen → ruff → pyright → pytest

hover 說明的中文 docstring 直接住在 src/minethon/bot.pyi 內;generate_stubs.py regen 時會從現有 .pyi 讀回 docstring 再注入新生成的 stub,所以人工編輯不會被沖掉。

開發

一鍵跑完(regen stubs → format → lint → type-check → test):

./scripts/format.sh            # 寫回格式修正
./scripts/format.sh --check    # 只檢查不寫入(CI 模式)

對應的個別指令:

uv run python scripts/generate_stubs.py
uv run ruff format src scripts tests
uv run ruff check src scripts tests
uv run pyright src/
uv run pytest -m "not integration" --tb=short -q

IntelliJ / PyCharm 使用者注意

uv sync 會以 editable 模式安裝本專案,導致 IDEA 的 Python SDK 將專案目錄同時視為外部 library,可能使整個專案被標記為 excluded。

解法: File → Project Structure → SDKs → 選擇 Python interpreter → Paths 頁籤,移除指向本專案以及本專案 src/ 的路徑,然後 Apply。

貢獻

歡迎 PR 與 Issue!

送出前請確認:

  1. 遵循現有的程式碼風格與架構慣例(細節見 AGENTS.md)
  2. 通過所有檢查
    • ./scripts/format.sh --check
  3. 以 feature/your-feature 或 fix/your-fix 命名分支
  4. 發布 PR 時,目標分支為 dev

授權

本專案採用 GNU Affero General Public License v3.0 授權。

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