mock-sap

A black-box mock SAP endpoint. It does not implement any SAP business logic — it speaks the shapes: SAP Gateway OData V2 services, BAPI/RFC calls over JSON and SOAP, and IDocs in XML and EDI_DC40 flat-file form. Data is kept in SQLite.

Point your integration at it and develop, test and demo without an SAP system, an SAP licence, or a VPN tunnel to someone's sandbox.

• Zero dependencies. Python 3.8+ standard library and SQLite, nothing else.
• Real wire shapes. {"d":{"results":[…]}}, __metadata, __deferred, /Date(1700000000000)/, decimals as strings, EDMX $metadata with sap: annotations, CSRF tokens, $batch with atomic changesets, BAPIRET2 return tables, EDI_DC40 control records.
• Deterministic demo data. Business partners, products, sales orders, purchase orders — same data every run for the same --seed.
• Failure modes on demand. Latency, 500s, locked documents, "no work process available", expired CSRF tokens — per request, or as programmable rules.

MIT licensed. SAP, S/4HANA, ABAP, NetWeaver, BAPI and IDoc are trademarks of SAP SE; this project is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or connected to SAP SE, and imitates publicly documented wire formats for testing purposes only.

Quick start

pip install mock-sap
mock-sap --port 8000

curl "http://127.0.0.1:8000/sap/opu/odata/sap/API_SALES_ORDER_SRV/A_SalesOrder?\$top=1&\$format=json"

{
  "d": {
    "results": [
      {
        "__metadata": {
          "id": "http://127.0.0.1:8000/sap/opu/odata/sap/API_SALES_ORDER_SRV/A_SalesOrder('0000004712')",
          "uri": "http://127.0.0.1:8000/sap/opu/odata/sap/API_SALES_ORDER_SRV/A_SalesOrder('0000004712')",
          "type": "API_SALES_ORDER_SRV.A_SalesOrderType"
        },
        "SalesOrder": "0000004712",
        "SalesOrderType": "OR",
        "SalesOrganization": "1710",
        "SoldToParty": "1000004",
        "TransactionCurrency": "EUR",
        "TotalNetAmount": "123991.820",
        "CreationDate": "/Date(1754611200000)/",
        "to_Item": { "__deferred": { "uri": ".../A_SalesOrder('0000004712')/to_Item" } }
      }
    ]
  }
}

Or run it straight from a checkout, with no install at all, or in a container:

python3 -m mocksap --port 8000
docker build -t mock-sap . && docker run -p 8000:8000 mock-sap

A guided tour of every endpoint, in curl:

bash examples/demo.sh

What it serves

Entity sets carry the S/4HANA field names — A_SalesOrder with SoldToParty, TotalNetAmount, OverallSDProcessStatus, to_Item; A_BusinessPartner with BusinessPartnerCategory, to_BusinessPartnerAddress; and so on. Browse /sap/opu/odata/sap/<SERVICE>/$metadata for the full picture, or open http://127.0.0.1:8000/ for an index page.

OData V2 support

Writing requires a CSRF token

Exactly as against a real Gateway:

TOKEN=$(curl -s -D - -o /dev/null -H 'X-CSRF-Token: Fetch' \
  http://127.0.0.1:8000/sap/opu/odata/sap/API_SALES_ORDER_SRV/ \
  | awk 'tolower($1)=="x-csrf-token:"{print $2}' | tr -d '\r')

curl -X POST "http://127.0.0.1:8000/sap/opu/odata/sap/API_SALES_ORDER_SRV/A_SalesOrder?\$expand=to_Item" \
  -H "X-CSRF-Token: $TOKEN" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
  -d '{"SalesOrderType":"OR","SalesOrganization":"1710","DistributionChannel":"10",
       "OrganizationDivision":"00","SoldToParty":"1000001","TransactionCurrency":"EUR",
       "to_Item":[{"Material":"TG11","RequestedQuantity":"2","NetAmount":"1998.00"}]}'

The document number comes from a number range, items are numbered 000010, 000020, …, TotalNetAmount is recalculated from the items, administrative fields are filled in, and unset fields come back as ABAP initial values ("", 0.000) rather than null. Run with --no-csrf to switch the check off.

BAPI / RFC

The same function modules are reachable over JSON and over SOAP. Parameter names are matched case- and underscore-insensitively, so ORDER_HEADER_IN and OrderHeaderIn both work.

curl -X POST http://127.0.0.1:8000/sap/bc/rfc/BAPI_SALESORDER_CREATEFROMDAT2 \
  -H "X-CSRF-Token: $TOKEN" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
  -d '{"ORDER_HEADER_IN":{"DOC_TYPE":"OR","SALES_ORG":"1710","DISTR_CHAN":"10","DIVISION":"00"},
       "ORDER_PARTNERS":[{"PARTN_ROLE":"AG","PARTN_NUMB":"0001000001"}],
       "ORDER_ITEMS_IN":[{"ITM_NUMBER":"000010","MATERIAL":"TG11","REQ_QTY":"3","COND_VALUE":"1500.00"}]}'

{
  "SALESDOCUMENT": "0000004737",
  "RETURN": [{
    "TYPE": "S", "ID": "V1", "NUMBER": "311",
    "MESSAGE": "Standard Order 4737 has been saved",
    "MESSAGE_V1": "Standard Order", "MESSAGE_V2": "4737",
    "LOG_NO": "", "LOG_MSG_NO": "000000", "PARAMETER": "", "ROW": 0, "FIELD": "",
    "SYSTEM": "MCKCLNT100"
  }]
}

Errors arrive the way BAPIs report them — TYPE: "E" in the RETURN table with a message number, not an HTTP error. Unknown material, unknown customer, missing sold-to party and test runs (TESTRUN: "X") are all modelled.

Available: BAPI_SALESORDER_CREATEFROMDAT2, BAPI_SALESORDER_GETLIST, BAPI_SALESORDER_GETSTATUS, BAPI_PO_CREATE1, BAPI_PO_GETDETAIL1, BAPI_MATERIAL_GET_DETAIL, BAPI_BUSINESS_PARTNER_GETDETAIL, BAPI_TRANSACTION_COMMIT, BAPI_TRANSACTION_ROLLBACK, RFC_PING, STFC_CONNECTION. GET /_mock/services lists them; POST /sap/bc/rfc/ with no name does too.

SOAP uses the urn:sap-com:document:sap:soap:functions:mc-style namespace, returns <…Response> envelopes, and answers unknown functions with a SOAP fault.

IDoc

# outbound: render a stored sales order as ORDERS05
curl -X POST "http://127.0.0.1:8000/sap/bc/idoc/generate?format=xml" \
  -H "X-CSRF-Token: $TOKEN" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
  -d '{"SalesOrder":"0000004712"}'

# inbound: post an IDoc and get its status record back
curl -X POST http://127.0.0.1:8000/sap/bc/idoc \
  -H "X-CSRF-Token: $TOKEN" -H 'Content-Type: application/xml' -H 'Accept: application/json' \
  --data-binary @order.xml

Generated IDocs carry a full EDI_DC40 control record plus E1EDK01, E1EDK14, E1EDK03, E1EDKA1, E1EDP01/E1EDP19 segments. Inbound IDocs are parsed (XML, or a flat file read at the documented EDI_DC40 offsets), stored with a 16-digit IDoc number and status 53, and can be inspected or re-statused:

curl http://127.0.0.1:8000/_mock/idocs
curl -X PUT http://127.0.0.1:8000/sap/bc/idoc/<DOCNUM>/status \
  -H "X-CSRF-Token: $TOKEN" -d '{"status":"51"}'

Simulating a bad day

Per request, with a header or a query parameter:

curl -H 'sap-mock-scenario: busy' http://127.0.0.1:8000/sap/opu/odata/sap/API_SALES_ORDER_SRV/A_SalesOrder

As rules, matched by regex on the path:

curl -X POST http://127.0.0.1:8000/_mock/faults -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
  -d '{"match":"A_SalesOrder","method":"POST","status":500,"message":"Backend unreachable","count":1}'
curl -X DELETE http://127.0.0.1:8000/_mock/faults     # clear all rules

Or globally, at startup: --latency-ms 250 --error-rate 0.05.

Inspecting what your client did

Every request is recorded, which makes the mock useful as a contract check in CI:

curl "http://127.0.0.1:8000/_mock/requests?limit=10"   # method, path, query, status, duration
curl  http://127.0.0.1:8000/_mock/rfc-log              # which BAPIs were called
curl  http://127.0.0.1:8000/_mock/state                # row counts per entity
curl -X POST http://127.0.0.1:8000/_mock/reset \
     -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d '{"seed":7,"orders":50}'

POST /_mock/reset restores a known dataset between test cases.

Command line

mock-sap [--host 127.0.0.1] [--port 8000] [--db :memory:|path.db] [--client 100]
         [--user MOCKUSER] [--auth USER:PASSWORD] [--no-csrf] [--seed 42]
         [--latency-ms 0] [--error-rate 0.0] [--slow-ms 3000] [--no-request-log]
         [-q] [--version]

--db mock.db keeps data across restarts; the default in-memory system starts fresh every time. --auth turns on HTTP basic authentication with a NetWeaver realm. --require-if-match makes the mock refuse to modify a concurrency-controlled entity that arrives without a validator, the way newer Gateway services do.

Using it from tests

import threading

from mocksap import Config, make_server

httpd = make_server(Config(port=0, db_path=":memory:", csrf=False, quiet=True))
port = httpd.server_address[1]
threading.Thread(target=httpd.serve_forever, daemon=True).start()
# point the code under test at http://127.0.0.1:{port} ...
httpd.shutdown()

examples/client.py is a dependency-free client showing the token/cookie flow.

Adding entity sets

Everything is generated from the declarations in mocksap/schema.py — tables, $metadata, payload shapes and key handling. Add an EntityType with its Props and Navs, list it in a Service, and it is fully queryable and writable:

_register(EntityType("A_BillingDocument", label="Billing Document", props=[
    S("BillingDocument", key=True, nullable=False, max_length=10),
    S("BillingDocumentType", max_length=4),
    DEC("TotalNetAmount", precision=16, scale=3),
    DT("BillingDocumentDate"),
], navs=[Nav("to_Item", "A_BillingDocumentItem", "*", [("BillingDocument", "BillingDocument")])]))

Seed data for it goes in mocksap/db.py, a BAPI wrapper (if you need one) in mocksap/bapi.py.

Tests

python3 -m unittest discover -s tests -v   # everything
python3 tests/test_batch.py                # one surface

52 tests, every one of them over real HTTP against a running mock, split by surface: test_metadata, test_odata_read, test_odata_write, test_links, test_etag, test_batch, test_rfc, test_idoc, test_operations and test_auth, over the shared harness in tests/support.py.

CI runs them on Python 3.8-3.13 across Linux, macOS and Windows, and additionally checks that examples/demo.sh, the packaged wheel and the Docker image still work, and that every file in the repository is accounted for in docs/FILES.md:

python3 tools/check_docs.py

Releasing

Releases go to PyPI through Trusted Publishing: PyPI trusts this repository's publish.yml workflow directly, so no API token is stored in the repository or on anyone's laptop. Publishing a GitHub Release runs the test suite, builds the sdist and wheel, checks that the tag matches the version in pyproject.toml, and uploads. Running the workflow manually publishes to TestPyPI instead, to rehearse.

pyproject.toml is the only place the version is written: mocksap.__version__ reads it back from the installed package metadata, and CI fails the release if the tag, pyproject.toml and the built wheel disagree.

# bump `version` in pyproject.toml, then:
git tag v0.2.0 && git push origin v0.2.0
gh release create v0.2.0 --generate-notes

Layout

mocksap/schema.py     entity types, navigations, services   (add shapes here)
mocksap/db.py         SQLite schema, number ranges, seed data
mocksap/odata.py      $filter parser, key predicates, JSON shaping, error envelope
mocksap/metadata.py   EDMX / service document
mocksap/store.py      CRUD, deep insert, cascades, document defaults
mocksap/service.py    OData request dispatcher
mocksap/batch.py      $batch multipart and atomic changesets
mocksap/bapi.py       BAPI/RFC functions, JSON and SOAP transports
mocksap/idoc.py       IDoc inbox/outbox, ORDERS05 generation
mocksap/server.py     HTTP front end, CSRF, auth, fault injection, /_mock API

tests/                one module per surface, all driven over real HTTP
examples/             the curl tour and a dependency-free Python client
docs/                 ARCHITECTURE.md and FILES.md
.github/workflows/    ci.yml (tests, examples, wheel, image) and publish.yml

docs/ARCHITECTURE.md explains how a request flows through the mock and why the layering is the way it is; docs/FILES.md walks through every file in the repository.

Scope

This is a black box. It stores what you send and returns it in SAP's shapes. It does not do ATP checks, pricing procedures, output determination, authorization objects, workflow or any other real SAP logic. What it is good for: developing and testing integrations, contract tests in CI, demos, and load-testing your side of the wire.

Not implemented yet, and the obvious next contributions - each one has an issue with a sketch of the work involved:

• #1 OData V4 services alongside V2
• #2 Complex (structured) types
• #5 OAuth 2.0 and SAML bearer authentication

Pull requests are welcome. Adding an entity set is usually a single declaration in mocksap/schema.py; everything else - tables, $metadata, payload shapes - follows from it.