monthpack 0.1.4

Python library for storing and working with monthly-period data.

monthpack

monthpack is a Python library for organizing period-based data sources, such as bank statements, income statements, and similar records.

The project is centered around local source.config.json files that define:

• base metadata without period
• persistent changes starting at a given period
• temporary changes for one specific period
• placeholders such as {period}, {period.year}, and {period.month}

Current Layout

monthpack/
  data/
  src/
    monthpack/
  pyproject.toml
  README.md

Example

from monthpack import Source

source = Source.from_path("data/source/source.config.json")
metadata = source.resolve_metastate(202401, storage=0)

print(metadata.period)
print(metadata.year)
print(metadata.month)
print(metadata.inpath)
print(metadata["reader"])

data = source.read((202401, 202406), storage=0, skip_error=True)

Metadata Module

monthpack now also includes an experimental independent metadata module:

from monthpack.metadata import Metadata

metadata = Metadata.from_entries(
    [
        {"reader": "csv", "path": "raw"},
        {"period": 202501, "reader": "excel"},
        {"period": 202502, "temporary": True, "reader": "parquet"},
    ]
)

base = metadata.resolve(None)
current = metadata.resolve(202502)

print(base.reader)      # csv
print(current.reader)   # parquet
print(current.year)     # 2025
print(current.month)    # 2

This module is designed as a generic ordered metadata resolver:

• Metadata stores the full sequence of metadata rules.
• MetadataRule represents one base, periodic, or temporary rule.
• MetadataState is the resolved state for one period.

Current rule behavior:

• entries without period are base values
• entries with period apply from that period onward
• entries with temporary: true apply only for the exact period

For now, this module is independent from Source and source.config.json. It is documented here because it is part of the package, but it is not yet wired into the main source-loading workflow.

Period Module

monthpack also includes an independent Period class for working with monthly periods represented as YYYYMM:

from datetime import date

from monthpack import Period

period = Period(202504)

print(period.year)              # 2025
print(period.month)             # 4
print(period + 1)               # 202505
print(period - 3)               # 202501
print(period - Period(202501))  # 3

Period also provides explicit constructors and a general coercion helper:

from monthpack import Period

print(Period.from_int(2601))          # 202601
print(Period.from_string("26-01"))    # 202601
print(Period.from_string("2026-01"))  # 202601
print(Period.from_date(date(2026, 1, 15)))  # 202601

print(Period.coerce(2601))         # 202601
print(Period.coerce("2026-01"))    # 202601

Current Period behavior:

• Period(202504) expects the canonical integer form YYYYMM.
• from_int(...) accepts YYYYMM and short YYMM, where YYMM is interpreted as 20YYMM.
• from_string(...) accepts formats such as YYYYMM, YYMM, YYYY-MM, YY-MM, and full dates like YYYY-MM-DD.
• from_date(...) accepts date-like objects with integer year and month, including date, datetime, and pandas.Timestamp.
• coerce(...) normalizes common inputs into a Period.
• Period.range(start, end) expands an inclusive monthly sequence in ascending or descending order.

Like the metadata module, Period is currently documented as an independent building block. It is not yet wired into Source or the metadata resolver.

You can also initialize the source with admin_user and preprocessors:

source = Source.from_path(
    "data/source/source.config.json",
    admin_user=True,
    preprocessors=[preprocess_main, preprocess_backup],
)

You can also override input or output when loading the config:

from pathlib import Path

source = Source.from_path(
    "data/source/source.config.json",
    input=Path("D:/raw/monthpack"),
    output="D:/processed_alt",
)

Config Templates

monthpack also exposes a helper function for generating a starter source.config.json file:

from monthpack import write_sample_config

write_sample_config("data/sample/source.config.json")

This helper generates one example file with three storages already configured:

• dataframe: pandas with pandas_type = "dataframe"
• series: pandas with pandas_type = "series"
• pickle: pickle

source.config.json

In general terms, a source.config.json file is structured like this:

{
    "input": "|input",
    "output": "|output",
    "storage": [
        {
            "name": "main",
            "writer": "pandas",
            "pandas_type": "dataframe",
            "collection": "concat",
            "concat_axis": 0,
            "period_label": "period",
            "persistence": true,
            "metadata": [
                {
                    "outpath": "{period.year}/{period}_{name}.bin"
                }
            ]
        }
    ],
    "metadata": [
        {
            "inpath": "**/{period}_*.csv",
            "reader": "csv"
        },
        {
            "period": 202507,
            "inpath": "**/{period}_*.xlsx",
            "reader": "excel"
        }
    ]
}

Field overview:

• metadata: temporal metadata definitions. Entries without period are base values; entries with period override from that month onward; entries with temporary: true apply only for that exact month.
• storage: processed-data storage definitions. Each item defines writer and collection behavior, and can also contain its own metadata list.
• input: optional input directory.
• output: optional output directory.

Path resolution rules:

• "|input": relative to the folder containing the JSON file.
• "input": relative to the current execution directory.
• "C:/data/input": absolute path.

At runtime, Source.from_path(...) reads this file, resolves input and output, and builds a Source instance from it. The same method also accepts optional input and output overrides. Those values can be:

• a str
• a pathlib.Path

When input or output are passed to from_path(...), they completely replace the corresponding block from the JSON file. Strings and Path objects are treated as direct paths; if they are relative, they are resolved from the current execution directory and normalized to absolute paths. Strings starting with | are resolved relative to the JSON file directory. You can also pass admin_user and preprocessors directly to the same constructor.

Source.resolve_metastate(...) returns a Metadata object. Resolved keys are available both as attributes and as dictionary-style accessors, so user preprocessors can use either metadata.inpath or metadata["inpath"]. The period itself is exposed as metadata.period, not as metadata["period"].

When period=None, resolve_metastate(...) returns only the base metadata, without applying any periodic or temporary entries.

Storage references can be passed either as:

• an index, for example storage=0
• a storage name, for example storage="main"

When name is defined inside storage, it must be unique across the configuration.

Read Behavior

• source.read(period, ...) reads one period.
• source.read(None, ...) reads the atemporal/base case.
• source.read([period1, period2, ...], ...) respects the exact order of the list.
• source.read((start, end), ...) expands a continuous monthly range, ascending or descending according to the tuple order.
• source.read_one(period, ...) is the single-period helper used internally.

skip_error=True returns None for missing-read cases such as a missing processed file or a missing persistence anchor. With skip_error=False, those cases raise FileNotFoundError. Programming errors inside preprocessors are not swallowed.

Storage Options

Within each storage item:

• name: optional unique identifier that lets the storage be referenced by name instead of only by index.
• writer: currently supports pandas and pickle.
• pandas_type: required when writer = "pandas". Use dataframe or series.
• collection: one of list, dict, or concat.
• concat_axis: axis used when collection = "concat".
• period_label: when defined, adds the requested period to pandas outputs during collection reads. For DataFrame, it is used as a column name; for Series, it is used as the outer index level name.
• persistence: when true, only metadata entries of type periodic act as anchors; later periods reuse the latest valid anchor.
• metadata: storage-specific metadata. This is also where outpath should be declared.

Within storage metadata:

• outpath: output path template for the stored artifact.

User Mode

Source can run in read-only user mode:

source.set_user()
data = source.read(202401)

In user mode:

• read(...) only returns already processed data.
• missing processed files are not regenerated from raw inputs.
• save(...) is not available.