Naz is an async SMPP client.
Project description
naz
naz is an async SMPP client.
It’s name is derived from Kenyan hip hop artiste, Nazizi.
SMPP is a protocol designed for the transfer of short message data between External Short Messaging Entities(ESMEs), Routing Entities(REs) and Short Message Service Center(SMSC). - Wikipedia
naz currently only supports SMPP version 3.4.
naz has no third-party dependencies and it requires python version
3.7+
naz is in active development and it’s API may change in backward
incompatible ways.
Comprehensive documetion is available -> Documentation
Installation
pip install naz
Usage
1. As a library
import asyncio import naz loop = asyncio.get_event_loop() broker = naz.broker.SimpleBroker(maxsize=1000) cli = naz.Client( smsc_host="127.0.0.1", smsc_port=2775, system_id="smppclient1", password="password", broker=broker, ) # queue messages to send for i in range(0, 4): print("submit_sm round:", i) msg = naz.protocol.SubmitSM( short_message="Hello World-{0}".format(str(i)), log_id="myid12345", source_addr="254722111111", destination_addr="254722999999", ) loop.run_until_complete( cli.send_message(msg) ) try: # 1. connect to the SMSC host # 2. bind to the SMSC host # 3. send any queued messages to SMSC # 4. read any data from SMSC # 5. continually check the state of the SMSC tasks = asyncio.gather( cli.connect(), cli.tranceiver_bind(), cli.dequeue_messages(), cli.receive_data(), cli.enquire_link(), ) loop.run_until_complete(tasks) except Exception as e: print("exception occured. error={0}".format(str(e))) finally: loop.run_until_complete(cli.unbind()) loop.stop()
NB:
(a) For more information about all the parameters that naz.Client
can take, consult the documentation
here
(b) More examples can be found
here
(c) if you need a SMSC server/gateway to test with, you can use the
docker-compose file in this
repo
to bring up an SMSC simulator.
That docker-compose file also has a redis and rabbitMQ container if
you would like to use those as your broker.
2. As a cli app
naz also ships with a commandline interface app called naz-cli.
create a python config file, eg;
/tmp/my_config.py
import naz from myfile import ExampleBroker client = naz.Client( smsc_host="127.0.0.1", smsc_port=2775, system_id="smppclient1", password="password", broker=ExampleBroker() )
and a python file, myfile.py (in the current working directory) with the contents:
import asyncio import naz class ExampleBroker(naz.broker.BaseBroker): def __init__(self): loop = asyncio.get_event_loop() self.queue = asyncio.Queue(maxsize=1000, loop=loop) async def enqueue(self, message): self.queue.put_nowait(message) async def dequeue(self): return await self.queue.get()
then run:
naz-cli --client tmp.my_config.client
Naz: the SMPP client. {'event': 'naz.Client.connect', 'stage': 'start', 'environment': 'production', 'release': 'canary', 'smsc_host': '127.0.0.1', 'system_id': 'smppclient1', 'client_id': '2VU55VT86KHWXTW7X'} {'event': 'naz.Client.connect', 'stage': 'end', 'environment': 'production', 'release': 'canary', 'smsc_host': '127.0.0.1', 'system_id': 'smppclient1', 'client_id': '2VU55VT86KHWXTW7X'} {'event': 'naz.Client.tranceiver_bind', 'stage': 'start', 'environment': 'production', 'release': 'canary', 'smsc_host': '127.0.0.1', 'system_id': 'smppclient1', 'client_id': '2VU55VT86KHWXTW7X'} {'event': 'naz.Client.send_data', 'stage': 'start', 'smpp_command': 'bind_transceiver', 'log_id': None, 'msg': 'hello', 'environment': 'production', 'release': 'canary', 'smsc_host': '127.0.0.1', 'system_id': 'smppclient1', 'client_id': '2VU55VT86KHWXTW7X'} {'event': 'naz.SimpleHook.to_smsc', 'stage': 'start', 'smpp_command': 'bind_transceiver', 'log_id': None, 'environment': 'production', 'release': 'canary', 'smsc_host': '127.0.0.1', 'system_id': 'smppclient1', 'client_id': '2VU55VT86KHWXTW7X'} {'event': 'naz.Client.send_data', 'stage': 'end', 'smpp_command': 'bind_transceiver', 'log_id': None, 'msg': 'hello', 'environment': 'production', 'release': 'canary', 'smsc_host': '127.0.0.1', 'system_id': 'smppclient1', 'client_id': '2VU55VT86KHWXTW7X'} {'event': 'naz.Client.tranceiver_bind', 'stage': 'end', 'environment': 'production', 'release': 'canary', 'smsc_host': '127.0.0.1', 'system_id': 'smppclient1', 'client_id': '2VU55VT86KHWXTW7X'} {'event': 'naz.Client.dequeue_messages', 'stage': 'start', 'environment': 'production', 'release': 'canary', 'smsc_host': '127.0.0.1', 'system_id': 'smppclient1', 'client_id': '2VU55VT86KHWXTW7X'}
NB:
(a) The naz config file(ie, the dotted path we pass in to
naz-cli --client) is any python file that has a
naz.Client instance <https://komuw.github.io/naz/client.html>_
declared in it.
(b) More examples can be found
here. As an
example, start the SMSC simulator(docker-compose up) then in
another terminal run,
naz-cli --client examples.example_config.client
To see help:
naz-cli --help
naz is an async SMPP client. example usage: naz-cli --client path.to.my_config.client optional arguments: -h, --help show this help message and exit --version The currently installed naz version. --client CLIENT The config file to use. eg: --client path.to.my_config.client
Features
1. async everywhere
SMPP is an async protocol; the client can send a request and only get
a response from SMSC/server 20mins later out of band.
It thus makes sense to write your SMPP client in an async manner. We
leverage python3’s async/await to do so.
import naz import asyncio loop = asyncio.get_event_loop() broker = naz.broker.SimpleBroker(maxsize=1000) cli = naz.Client( smsc_host="127.0.0.1", smsc_port=2775, system_id="smppclient1", password="password", broker=broker, )
2. monitoring and observability
it’s a loaded term, I know.
2.1 logging
In naz you have the ability to annotate all the log events that
naz will generate with anything you want.
So, for example if you wanted to annotate all log-events with a
release version and your app’s running environment.
import naz logger = naz.log.SimpleLogger( "naz.client", log_metadata={ "environment": "production", "release": "v5.6.8"} ) cli = naz.Client( ... logger=logger, )
and then these will show up in all log events.
by default, naz annotates all log events with smsc_host,
system_id and client_id
2.2 hooks
a hook is a class with two methods to_smsc and from_smsc, ie
it implements naz’s BaseHook interface as defined
here.
naz will call the to_smsc method just before sending data to
SMSC and also call the from_smsc method just after getting data
from SMSC.
the default hook that naz uses is naz.hooks.SimpleHook which
does nothing but logs.
If you wanted, for example to keep metrics of all requests and
responses to SMSC in your prometheus
setup;
import naz from prometheus_client import Counter class MyPrometheusHook(naz.hooks.BaseHook): async def to_smsc(self, smpp_command, log_id, hook_metadata, pdu): c = Counter('my_requests', 'Description of counter') c.inc() # Increment by 1 async def from_smsc(self, smpp_command, log_id, hook_metadata, status, pdu): c = Counter('my_responses', 'Description of counter') c.inc() # Increment by 1 myHook = MyPrometheusHook() cli = naz.Client( ... hook=myHook, )
another example is if you want to update a database record whenever you get a delivery notification event;
import sqlite3 import naz class SetMessageStateHook(naz.hooks.BaseHook): async def to_smsc(self, smpp_command, log_id, hook_metadata, pdu): pass async def from_smsc(self, smpp_command, log_id, hook_metadata, status, pdu): if smpp_command == naz.SmppCommand.DELIVER_SM: conn = sqlite3.connect('mySmsDB.db') c = conn.cursor() t = (log_id,) # watch out for SQL injections!! c.execute("UPDATE SmsTable SET State='delivered' WHERE CorrelatinID=?", t) conn.commit() conn.close() stateHook = SetMessageStateHook() cli = naz.Client( ... hook=stateHook, )
2.3 integration with bug trackers
If you want to integrate naz with your bug/issue tracker of
choice, all you have to do is use their logging integrator.
As an example, to integrate naz with
sentry, all you have to do is import and init
the sentry sdk. A good place to do that would be in the naz config
file, ie;
/tmp/my_config.py
import naz from myfile import ExampleBroker import sentry_sdk # import sentry SDK sentry_sdk.init("https://<YOUR_SENTRY_PUBLIC_KEY>@sentry.io/<YOUR_SENTRY_PROJECT_ID>") my_naz_client = naz.Client( smsc_host="127.0.0.1", smsc_port=2775, system_id="smppclient1", password="password", broker=ExampleBroker() )
then run the naz-cli as usual:
naz-cli --client tmp.my_config.my_naz_client
And just like that you are good to go. This is what errors from
naz will look like on sentry(sans the emojis, ofcourse):
naz integration with sentry
3. Rate limiting
Sometimes you want to control the rate at which the client sends
requests to an SMSC/server. naz lets you do this, by allowing you
to specify a custom rate limiter. By default, naz uses a simple
token bucket rate limiting algorithm implemented
here.
You can customize naz’s ratelimiter or even write your own
ratelimiter (if you decide to write your own, you just have to satisfy
the BaseRateLimiter interface found
here
)
To customize the default ratelimiter, for example to send at a rate of
35 requests per second.
import naz myLimiter = naz.ratelimiter.SimpleRateLimiter(send_rate=35) cli = naz.Client( ... rate_limiter=myLimiter, )
4. Throttle handling
Sometimes, when a client sends requests to an SMSC/server, the SMSC
may reply with an ESME_RTHROTTLED status.
This can happen, say if the client has surpassed the rate at which it
is supposed to send requests at, or the SMSC is under load or for
whatever reason ¯_(ツ)_/¯
The way naz handles throtlling is via Throttle handlers.
A throttle handler is a class that implements the
BaseThrottleHandler interface as defined
here
naz calls that class’s throttled method everytime it gets a
throttled(ESME_RTHROTTLED) response from the SMSC and it also
calls that class’s not_throttled method everytime it gets a
response from the SMSC and the response is NOT a throttled response.
naz will also call that class’s allow_request method just
before sending a request to SMSC. the allow_request method should
return True if requests should be allowed to SMSC else it should
return False if requests should not be sent.
By default naz uses
`naz.throttle.SimpleThrottleHandler <https://github.com/komuw/naz/blob/master/naz/throttle.py>`__
to handle throttling.
The way SimpleThrottleHandler works is, it calculates the
percentage of responses that are throttle responses and then denies
outgoing requests(towards SMSC) if percentage of responses that are
throttles goes above a certain metric.
As an example if you want to deny outgoing requests if the percentage
of throttles is above 1.2% over a period of 180 seconds and the total
number of responses from SMSC is greater than 45, then;
import naz throttler = naz.throttle.SimpleThrottleHandler(sampling_period=180, sample_size=45, deny_request_at=1.2) cli = naz.Client( ... throttle_handler=throttler, )
5. Broker
How does your application and ``naz`` talk with each other?
It’s via a broker interface. Your application queues messages to a
broker, naz consumes from that broker and then naz sends those
messages to SMSC/server.
You can implement the broker mechanism any way you like, so long as it
satisfies the BaseBroker interface as defined
here
Your application should call that class’s enqueue method to -you
guessed it- enqueue messages to the queue while naz will call the
class’s dequeue method to consume from the broker.
naz ships with a simple broker implementation called
`naz.broker.SimpleBroker <https://github.com/komuw/naz/blob/master/naz/broker.py>`__.
An example of using that;
import asyncio import naz loop = asyncio.get_event_loop() my_broker = naz.broker.SimpleBroker(maxsize=1000,) # can hold upto 1000 items cli = naz.Client( ... broker=my_broker, ) try: # 1. connect to the SMSC host # 2. bind to the SMSC host # 3. send any queued messages to SMSC # 4. read any data from SMSC # 5. continually check the state of the SMSC tasks = asyncio.gather( cli.connect(), cli.tranceiver_bind(), cli.dequeue_messages(), cli.receive_data(), cli.enquire_link(), ) loop.run_until_complete(tasks) except Exception as e: print("exception occured. error={0}".format(str(e))) finally: loop.run_until_complete(cli.unbind()) loop.stop()
then in your application, queue items to the queue;
# queue messages to send for i in range(0, 4): msg = naz.protocol.SubmitSM( short_message="Hello World-{0}".format(str(i)), log_id="myid12345", source_addr="254722111111", destination_addr="254722999999", ) loop.run_until_complete( cli.send_message(msg) )
Here is another example, but where we now use redis for our broker;
import json import asyncio import naz import aioredis class RedisExampleBroker(naz.broker.BaseBroker): """ use redis as our broker. This implements a basic FIFO queue using redis. Basically we use the redis command LPUSH to push messages onto the queue and BRPOP to pull them off. https://redis.io/commands/lpush https://redis.io/commands/brpop You should use a non-blocking redis client eg https://github.com/aio-libs/aioredis """ def __init__(self): self.queue_name = "myqueue" async def enqueue(self, item): _redis = await aioredis.create_redis_pool(address=("localhost", 6379)) await _redis.lpush(self.queue_name, json.dumps(item)) async def dequeue(self): _redis = await aioredis.create_redis_pool(address=("localhost", 6379)) x = await _redis.brpop(self.queue_name) dequed_item = json.loads(x[1].decode()) return dequed_item loop = asyncio.get_event_loop() broker = RedisExampleBroker() cli = naz.Client( smsc_host="127.0.0.1", smsc_port=2775, system_id="smppclient1", password="password", broker=broker, ) try: # 1. connect to the SMSC host # 2. bind to the SMSC host # 3. send any queued messages to SMSC # 4. read any data from SMSC # 5. continually check the state of the SMSC tasks = asyncio.gather( cli.connect(), cli.tranceiver_bind(), cli.dequeue_messages(), cli.receive_data(), cli.enquire_link(), ) tasks = asyncio.gather(cli.dequeue_messages(), cli.receive_data(), cli.enquire_link()) loop.run_until_complete(tasks) except Exception as e: print("error={0}".format(str(e))) finally: loop.run_until_complete(cli.unbind()) loop.stop()
then queue on your application side;
# queue messages to send for i in range(0, 5): print("submit_sm round:", i) msg = naz.protocol.SubmitSM( short_message="Hello World-{0}".format(str(i)), log_id="myid12345", source_addr="254722111111", destination_addr="254722999999", ) loop.run_until_complete( cli.send_message(msg) )
6. Well written(if I have to say so myself):
Development setup
- see documentation on contributing
- NB: I make no commitment of accepting your pull requests.
## TODO
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