English | 한국어

newmean-pii

Detect and mask personal information in text on your own machine, before it is stored, logged or sent to an LLM. A small multilingual token-classification model (54 languages) runs in a C extension; no network after the first download, no dependencies. Python package of the npm package @newmean-ai/pii: same models, same spans.

pip install newmean-pii

from newmean_pii import create_redactor

redactor = create_redactor(size="medium")
redactor.redact("제 메일은 kim@example.com, 전화는 010-1234-5678입니다").text
# '제 메일은 [EMAIL], 전화는 [PHONE]입니다'

Python 3.9+. Wheels for Linux (x86-64, arm64), macOS (arm64, x86-64) and Windows (x86-64); other platforms build from the sdist with a C11 compiler.

Models

Plus a 0.8 MB tokenizer. On first use the files are downloaded from Hugging Face (newmean-ai/pii-<size>, tag v1.1.0) into ~/.cache/newmean-pii and checked against SHA-256 values pinned in this package; every later load checks them again.

No model finds every piece of personal information. The technical report lists miss and over-masking rates per language and dataset; treat the output as a strong first pass, not a guarantee. On newmean-pii-dataset (public test, 54 languages) the models miss 1.6% (large) to 2.9% (nano) of PII characters; the full comparison is in the repository README.

Labels

PERSON, EMAIL, PHONE, ADDRESS, ID_NUMBER, FINANCIAL, ORG, USERNAME, URL, DATE_OF_BIRTH, SECRET, and two level 2 labels for indirect identifiers: PERSON_L2 (a surname with a title, a nickname, initials) and URL_L2 (public profile or page URLs). Pass labels=LEVEL1_LABELS to leave level 2 visible.

API

create_redactor(               # or Redactor(...), same arguments
    size="medium",             # "nano" | "small" | "medium" | "large"
    variant=None,              # "q4" | "q4e"; default q4e for large/medium, q4 for small/nano
    *,
    sensitivity=0.0,           # > 0 masks more, < 0 masks less (about -1..1)
    labels=None,               # labels to mask; default all (LABELS); unknown names raise ValueError
    regex=False,               # also mask a few patterns (email, URL, card/account, phone, Korean resident number);
                               # off by default: almost no extra coverage, double the over-masking
    keep_emoji=False,          # True: the model also reads emoji (1.0 behaviour); default: emoji are never read or masked
    whole_words=True,          # default True: a span that ends inside a word covers the whole word
    strict_short_names=False,  # True: short texts (<= 8 tokens) need stronger evidence to be read as names
    allow=None,                # values that are not PII in your data: str or (str, label) (see Lists); since 1.4.0
    block=None,                # values that are PII in your data: (str, label) (see Lists); since 1.4.0
    lists_id=None,             # your name for the lists, shown in info()["lists"]["id"]; since 1.4.0
    model_dir=None,            # folder with tokenizer.web.json and onnx/model_<variant>.onnx; never downloads
    cache_dir=None,            # default: $NEWMEAN_PII_CACHE, $XDG_CACHE_HOME/newmean-pii or ~/.cache/newmean-pii
    model_url=None,            # base URL of a mirror of newmean-ai/pii-<size> (https://, http:// or file://)
    on_progress=None,          # callback(file, loaded_bytes, total_bytes)
) -> Redactor

redactor.detect(text)                  # -> [Span(start, end, label, source)], sorted, non-overlapping
redactor.redact(text, mode="tag")      # -> RedactResult(text, spans); "tag" -> [EMAIL], "mask" -> *****, "blank" -> removed
redactor.redact(text, mask_char="#", replace=None)  # replace(span, original) -> str overrides mode
redactor.detect_table(text, delimiter="auto", header=True, vote=True, context="none")  # table mode (see Tables)
redactor.redact_table(text, mode="tag", *, delimiter="auto", header=True, vote=True, context="none", mask_char="*", replace=None)
redactor.set_sensitivity(value)        # no reload
redactor.tokenize(text)                # -> [Token(id, start, end)]
redactor.info()                        # package_version, model_version, size, variant, files (path, bytes, sha256), shape, build,
                                       # lists (allow, block, id)
redactor.close()                       # also: with create_redactor() as r: ...

apply_redaction(text, spans, mode="tag", mask_char="*", replace=None)
regex_spans(text)                      # the pattern layer alone
fetch_model(size, variant=None, cache_dir=None)  # download and verify ahead of time; returns the folder

• Offsets are Python str indices (code points): text[span.start:span.end] is the masked text, emoji included. The npm package uses UTF-16 indices for the same spans. Spans are widened to whole grapheme clusters, so an emoji, flag or combining sequence is masked whole or kept whole. source is "model", "regex", "model+regex", "table" or "block".

• Emoji: by default emoji are taken out of the text the model reads, so the model does not read them as PII; offsets still refer to the input, and an emoji inside a span splits it in two. keep_emoji=True gives the model the text as given (1.0 behaviour).

• Whole words: by default (since 1.3.0), a span that starts or ends inside a word is widened to the whole word ("R23" → [ID_NUMBER], not [ID_NUMBER]23); letters of scripts written without spaces (Chinese, Japanese, Thai, Khmer, …) never extend a span, and a word ends where Hangul meets digits or Latin letters (「010-1234-5678입니다」 → [PHONE]입니다), and Korean particles after a Hangul span are left as they are (「홍길동님께」 → [PERSON]님께). It changes where a span ends, not what is masked: a short value the model misreads as a name, such as 「경기도」, becomes [PERSON] rather than [PERSON]기도; strict_short_names=True leaves such values alone. whole_words=False gives the 1.2 spans.

• Short values: with strict_short_names=True, a text the model reads as at most 8 tokens (a survey answer, a table cell) needs stronger evidence to be read as a person's name: 「경기」, 「남성」 and 「네이버」 are left alone, while 「김민지」 and "Maria Lopez" are still found. With large, short survey items without personal information are masked 4.3% of the time instead of 7.9%, and 96.5% of lone names are found instead of 98.9%. Longer texts are unchanged.

• Versions: redactor.version is the model release (1.1.0); newmean_pii.__version__ and info()["package_version"] give the package version, for audit records.

• tag mode writes the label family: PERSON_L2 becomes [PERSON], URL_L2 becomes [URL]. mask writes one mask_char per code point.

• Threads: a redactor can be shared. The model is immutable and the GIL is released while it runs, so a thread pool detects in parallel (one core per call):

  from concurrent.futures import ThreadPoolExecutor
  with ThreadPoolExecutor(4) as pool:
      results = list(pool.map(redactor.redact, texts))
  

• Speed: one thread on Apple M5 Pro, about 10 ms for a short text with nano and 15 ms with medium; a 1,000-token text takes 0.4 s (nano) to 0.55 s (medium). Long texts are split into overlapping 256-token windows.

• Errors: ValueError for bad options (ListError, a ValueError, for bad lists), ModelFileError when a file is missing, cannot be downloaded or does not match its pin.

Lists

Since 1.4.0 you can tell the redactor what you already know about your data:

import unicodedata

redactor = create_redactor(
    allow=["제주", "배민", ("경기", "PERSON")],  # a str allows any label
    block=[("박지훈", "PERSON"), ("새솔고등학교", "ORG")],
    lists_id="survey-2026-11 v3",
)
redactor.redact(unicodedata.normalize("NFC", "박지훈님께 제주에서 연락")).text  # '[PERSON]님께 제주에서 연락'

• block: every occurrence of an entry that starts and ends on a word boundary is masked with the entry's label (source "block"), also where the model finds nothing and whatever labels enables. A Hangul entry also matches before Korean particles (「박지훈님께」 → 「[PERSON]님께」); "Kim" does not match inside "Kimberly", nor in "Kim's" or "Kim-Lee" (apostrophes and hyphens join words, as in whole_words); in scripts written without spaces any occurrence matches. A region with a block match takes the block label and is never allowed.
• allow: a span whose whole text is an entry is not masked; with a label, only spans of that label family (PERSON covers PERSON_L2, URL covers URL_L2). The test is on the whole span, so it depends on where the model ends a span: a span 「제주도」 is not allowed by "제주"; list both forms when both occur.
• Entries: allow takes str or (str, label) (label None: any label), block takes (str, label); either list can be any iterable except str and bytes. A 2-tuple passed as the list itself (block=("Kim", "PERSON")) is read as two entries; write block=[("Kim", "PERSON")].
• Matching folds ASCII letters only (KIM = kim); nothing else is normalized. Pass NFC text and entries: files exported on macOS or copied from PDFs may hold NFD Hangul, which never matches (unicodedata.normalize("NFC", text)).
• Exact forms only: 「박 지훈」 and 「박지훈」 are separate entries. A one-syllable entry such as 「김」 also masks every word that is 김 plus particles (「김은」, 「김도」).
• In table mode, block entries match inside each cell and do not vote; allowed spans leave before the column vote.
• Up to 10,000 entries per list, 1 to 64 code points each, no line breaks, no leading or trailing white space. Invalid lists raise newmean_pii.ListError (a ValueError; .list: "allow", "block" or "meta" for lists_id; .index, None for lists_id and for the list itself; .reason: bad_shape, too_long, bad_text, empty, edge_space, unknown_label, too_many, label_conflict, in_both, bad_lists_id) before any model file is loaded. The error never holds an entry's text.
• info()["lists"] gives the entry counts after merging duplicates and your lists_id, for audit records; nothing derived from the entries' text. The lists are freed with the redactor.

Tables

redactor.detect_table(text, delimiter="auto", header=True, vote=True, context="none") -> List[Span]
redactor.redact_table(text, mode="tag", *, delimiter="auto", header=True, vote=True, context="none", mask_char="*", replace=None) -> RedactResult

Table mode reads a CSV, TSV, semicolon-separated or markdown pipe table as one text and clips every span to a cell value: delimiters, quotes and line breaks are never masked, so the output is still a valid table. delimiter is "auto" (detected), ",", "\t", ";" or "markdown" (TABLE_DELIMITERS); quoted fields follow RFC 4180. With vote, a column of short values is masked whole when the model finds names, emails, phone numbers or usernames in at least 80% of its non-empty cells (and at least 4; columns with fewer than 5 non-empty cells do not vote); those spans have source "table". Free-text columns (median value over 40 characters or 4 words) do not vote, placeholders (N/A, -, none, null, 없음) are skipped, an email column needs @ and a phone column 6 or more digits. With header, the first row is masked where the model finds PII but never voted on. With context="header" (TABLE_CONTEXTS; default "none") and a header row, each non-empty data cell of a column whose non-empty values are at least 80% distinct is also read on its own as "<header>: <value>" and those spans are added: fewer misses on name, contact and ID columns, more PII-free cells masked, one more model call per such cell. Text that is not a table gives exactly detect(text). A custom replace must not insert the delimiter, a quote or a line break.

csv = "name,email,plan\nKim Minsu,kim@example.com,Pro\nLee Jiwon,lee@example.com,Free"
redactor.redact_table(csv).text
# 'name,email,plan\n[PERSON],[EMAIL],Pro\n[PERSON],[EMAIL],Free'
redactor.redact_table(tsv, "mask", delimiter="\t", vote=False)

On survey and form exports, table mode misses many names split into first and last name columns. context="header" cuts the misses to about a quarter, at 2.3 to 3.7 more points of PII-free cells masked; for recall first, use it. Measurements: repository README.

Offline use

Download once, then run without network:

python -m newmean_pii download --size medium            # into the cache; prints the folder
NEWMEAN_PII_OFFLINE=1 python app.py                     # never download; fail if a file is not cached

Or copy the files of the Hugging Face repo yourself (tokenizer.web.json and onnx/model_<variant>.onnx) and pass the folder:

redactor = create_redactor(size="medium", model_dir="/opt/models/pii-medium")

The files are checked against the pinned SHA-256 there too. For containers, run python -m newmean_pii download at build time with NEWMEAN_PII_CACHE set to a folder inside the image.

There is also a small command line: python -m newmean_pii redact --size nano --mode mask < input.txt.

Development

cd python
uv build                      # sdist (with native/core copied in) and a wheel built from it
pip install dist/*.whl pytest
pytest -q                     # fixture parity tests skip without fixtures and model copies

The C extension compiles native/core (the shared core of every native package) with the same flags as its Makefile, so logits are bit-identical to the npm package's baseline WebAssembly engine. Tests: regex parity with the Python baseline, redaction modes, offsets on emoji text, threads, downloads against a local HTTP server and file:// (no network), and, when the private fixtures and model copies exist (PII_FIXTURES, default js/test/fixtures; PII_MODELS, default js/test/models), tokenizer parity with Hugging Face and span parity with the Python evaluator for every run of the npm test (PII_SIZES=nano,medium limits them). NEWMEAN_PII_NETWORK_TESTS=1 adds one download from Hugging Face. Wheels: cibuildwheel (configured in pyproject.toml, workflow .github/workflows/python-wheels.yml).

License

Apache-2.0, for the package code and the model weights; third-party notices in NOTICE. If you use them in a product, we would appreciate a "Powered by newmean.ai" mention in your docs or an about or licenses screen (a request, not a license condition). Made by newmean.ai.