nuphy2 0.8.2

NUclear PHYsics python package - try #2

NUPHY2

Tool for nuclear calculations - always in development.

Modules:

SRI

srim.py

From 2025/3/11 the NTP for gases is implicitly used. Before, the default T aas 273.15 but for air density 0.001204 was used (NTP value)

The main feature is running TRIM.exe on TRIM.IN input file. This module prepares (it should) the correct TRIM.IN file.

Also it prepares (when possible, not for compounds) SR.IN file and runs the SRIM almost silently.

Simple silicon run

Send 200 protons with energy 14.3MeV on Si 1.2mm thick.

nuphy2 sri -i h1 -m si -e 14.3 -t 1200um -n 200

Commentary to results:

E_SRIN = 3.6399
# Final Energy -  Value from SRIM - interpolation

X... copying from /home/ojr/.wine/drive_c/Program Files/SRIM/ to /tmp/srim_ch21ijve/
# see where the directory with TRIM setup is located in /tmp

i...  3 events were removed due to sigma limit,new 3sigma calc...
i...  3 events were removed due to sigma limit in total
# outliers are removed to have better gaussian fit

            e       x       y         z      cosx      cosy      cosz  eini
195  3.212021  1200.0 -21.470   6.99100  0.998001 -0.036706  0.051448  14.3
196  3.988473  1200.0 -32.350   0.07308  0.996363 -0.078032  0.034241  14.3
197  4.185117  1200.0  -3.626 -17.84000  0.999441 -0.012609 -0.030975  14.3
198  4.172176  1200.0 -24.900  -3.81800  0.995510 -0.050894 -0.079817  14.3
199  4.184137  1200.0  12.360  35.09000  0.997143  0.051848  0.054934  14.3
# tail of the  /tmp/srim_ch21ijve/SRIM\ Outputs/TRANSMIT.txt
# E [MeV]    x y z in [um]

3.659 MeV (median 3.669) +- 0.328  hi-lo=1.822  Eloss=10.6 MeV (197 events)
# Mean output energe with sigma,  difference high-low, E lost

Gas target

There are two definitions for conditions for density of gases by IUPAC and NIST:

• STP before 1982 - standard temperature and pressure (0deg,101.3kPa == 760 mm)
  • It seems (see SRIMHelp/helpTR23.rtf ) that TRIM uses STP before 1982.
  • and I was convinced this is used in SRIM. Proved not correct 2025/03/11.
• STP after 1982 - standard temperature and pressure (0deg,100.0kPa)
• NTP - normal - T is 20C 293.15K and 101.325 kPa (by NIST)
  • I see some indicies - RhoAIR - that NTP is used in SRIM! TO Check

Compounds

compounds.py

This probably needs a bit of hacking. In compounds.py - there are definitions kept in DICT material_text. If the material is gaseous, it is listed in LIST material_gas .

The predefined compounds are currently:

name comment g/cm3 at NTP

---

hisobutane Some isobutane gas
air gas
actar10 90% H2+10% C4H10 gas 0.000317055 havar
mylar
mgo Mg Oxide
mg26o 26Mg Oxide

To define another compound,

• run manually SRIM.exe,
• recall the compound definition from menu
• it will create TRIM.IN in $HOME/.wine/drive_c/Program Files/SRIM/ folder.
• copy this definition
• maybe change default numbers what to calculate
• put it (name it) as the new material to DICT material_text
• if gas, add to the gas LIST material_gas

[TODO]{.todo .TODO} Layers {#layers}

./bin_nuphy2 sri -i h1 -m actar10,si -e $i -t 120mm,500um -n 150 -p 95600

[TODO]{.todo .TODO} Layers with compounds {#layers-with-compounds}

• There may be a problem - to be checked
• the test actar10 + si 500 um + si 700um seemed to work
• I dont know what to do with P and T though

Saving/writing simulation results

Magically, it is possible to save data to the same H5 file from parallely running simulations.

# run simulation
./bin_nuphy2 sri -i h1 -m actar10 -e 9 -t 200mm -n 300 -p 956000  -w actar.h5
# You may prefer to run without visible GUI: use -s
./bin_nuphy2 sri -i h1 -m actar10 -e 11 -t 200mm -n 300 -p 956000  -w actar.h5 -s
# see the content of the file(s)
./bin_nuphy2 h5

The file contains sets, every SET Name keeps the information on

• serialnumber
• projectile
• target
• thickness
• rho - if ogiven on cmdline else 0
• P,T if any
• Ei - initial energy MeV
• Ef - final
• Es (straggling) precission ~0.1keV
• fwhm- resolution given to combine with the simulation

Here, see a simple but mass simulation with writing to H5:

rm actar2l.h5
# loop
 for ((i=1;i<14;i++)); do ./bin_nuphy2 sri -i h1 -m actar10,si -e $i -t 120mm,500um -n 150 -p 95600  -w actar2l.h5; done

Or even use ARRAY

# define energies
numbers=(0.5 1.5 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13.5 14 14.5)
# go through
for num in "${numbers[@]}"; do
  echo "$num";
   ./bin_nuphy2 sri -i h1 -m actar10,si -e $num -n 150 -p 95600 -t 120mm,500um -w actar2l.h5;
done

Or even run in parallel:

# apt install parallel
numbers=(0.5 1.5 2 3 4 5 6 7 7.5 8 8.2 8.5 8.7 9 10 11 12 13.5 14 14.5 15 16 17 18)
#
parallel -j 8   ./bin_nuphy2 sri -i h1 -m actar10,si,si -e {} -n 150 -p 95600 -t 120mm,500um,700um -w actar2l.h5 -s ::: "${numbers[@]}"

Viewing saved results

Without anything this should go through all H5 files.

./bin_nuphy2 h5

Parameters:

• Store - H5 filename
  • Or add sets separated by commas: like actar.h5,0,3
• graph - parameter to display - no default
  • view - print stats + sample for all requested sets
  • help
  • x ... coordinate
  • y
  • z
  • yz ... lateral
    • xz, xy, cos == cosyz, cosy, cosx, cosz
  • dee ... Ei vs. dE
    • some data are retrieved from TAGname
      • n, Ei, FWHM (simulated)
    • DF columns: ei;de = ei-e;
      • generated fwhmi (based on fw-tag), fwhm1,fwhm2
    • DRAW ei +fwhm1 +fwhmi x de+fwhm2 [to show spots]
  • view ... print df
  • e ... just resulting E histogram
  • viewall ... print df all
• printvar - default all
• randomizeyz
• fwhm - add a gauss noise for finite resolution
• savefig - filename
• debug - False

Viewing H5 examples

nuphy  hdf5 -S ~/srim.hdf5,0,1 -g e
nuphy  hdf5 -S ~/srim.hdf5,0,1 -g yz
nuphy  hdf5 -S ~/srim.hdf5,0,1 -g x
nuphy  hdf5 -S ~/srim.hdf5,all -g cos
nuphy  hdf5 -S ~/srim.hdf5,all -g cosy
nuphy  hdf5 -S ~/srim.hdf5,all -g cosz
nuphy  hdf5 -S ~/srim.hdf5,all -g dee
#COLORS 4 EACH FILE:
nuphy  hdf5 -S cu_t1.hdf5,all,cu_t2.hdf5,all  -g dee

Viewing saved results - examples

KIN

kinematic.py

The kinematics assumes LAB system and provides relativistic calculation based on NuBASE [__]{.underline} data. Simple example. Give the beam particle and the isotope, total energy, outgoing particle, angle LAB:

Basic examples

nuphy2 kin -i h1,c12  -e 14.3 -a 10
# use MeV units for fun
nuphy2 kin  -i h2,c13 -o h1 -e 0.001MeV -a 10
#  do elastic and use AMeV units for HI
nuphy2 kin  -i si34,h1 -o h1 -e 40AMeV -a 80
# or findout that the E was in  MeV/u units
nuphy2 kin  -i si34,h1 -o h1 -e 40MeVu -a 80
#
#  try fussion, BUT NEEDED TO ADD some more stuff here
#   if A and Z are ok, E* will be reported
#
nuphy2 kin  -i h2,o16 -o f18  -e 10MeV -a 11
# or see infamous 8Be X-boson energy /TO CHECK IF 8Be is correctly calculated/
nuphy2 kin  -i h1,li7 -o be8  -e 0.707MeV -a 1
#
#  more calculation can be for gamma (or e+e-) going to the angle theta (see NuPhyPy)
#

Particles

The two reaction participants are defined with -i switch, separated by comma. The first is the incomming

• use h1,h2 for proton, deuteron
• n1 for neutron (or 1n, defined in isotope.py)

1. Isotopes and elements

   isotope.py

   The unit has a class Isotope and reads the data from database.

   The data (mass excess) for particles/isotopes are taken using isotope.py (class Isotope) from nubase2016.txt file supplied with the project. See the link https://www-nds.iaea.org/amdc/ame2016/NUBASE2016.pdf

   The newer data is available - see https://www-nds.iaea.org/amdc/ , the local file is ame2020.txt for Chinese Phys. C 45 030002 (2021), and Chinese Phys. C 45 030003 (2021). NOT YET IMPLEMENTED.

   Molar weights, the wiki origin, MCarbon = 12.0107 . All allowed isotopes are listed in alliso dict in isotope.py

   Mass excess for name=12C/c12 mex[keV]=0.0 +- 0.0

   Elements are logically not used in kinematics (or should not be possible).

Outputfile

Output to a file is allowed for batch runs. See -f variable,filename option.

Screen output breakout

RAW without DEBUG, energy values asre strinctly in MeV:

                    proj.AMU:     2.01410
                    targ.AMU:    13.00335
                    outg.AMU:     1.00783
              outg.theta.deg:    10.00000
                    proj.TKE:     0.00100
              proj.TKE.MeV/u:     0.00050
                   proj.Etot:  1876.12478
                   proj.beta:     0.00103  0.31mm/ns
              reac.Ethrs_lab:     0.00000
                      reac.Q:     5.95187
       reac.CoulBarr_(Rolfs):     1.84052
       th3cm:       10.01272
       th4cm:      169.98728
         th4:      169.80818
         T3a:        5.56593       T3         0.00000
         T4a:        0.38694       T4b        0.41483
       Kscsl:        0.99749 (sigma_cms=Kscsl*sigma_lab)
        rho3:        0.00128 (if <=1.0 then 1 solution for T3; else 2)
          p1:        1.93707 (projectile momentum)
    beta_cms:        0.00014 (velocity of CMS ... v/c)
   gamma_cms:        1.00000
         ttr:        0.00000 (Threshold in Lab)
        ttrc:        0.00000 (Threshold in CMS == -Q)
           Q:        5.95187 (if Q>0 = exoterm  [MeV])
        ExcT:        0.00000 (input tgt excitation)
         p3c:      102.24983
         p4c:      102.24983
TKEiCMS(1,2):        0.00087
EtotCMS(3,4):        5.96916
          p3:      102.37861     b  p3b  =      102.12105
          p4:      100.47153     b  p4b  =      104.02924
       beta3:        0.10841    32.50mm/ns
       beta4:        0.00770    2.31mm/ns
     TKEout3:        5.56593

• the first part contains all info from input.
• just after there is Ethreshold (TKE) and Q. (there are slight differences in Ethrs calculation, the method used is closest to https://www.nndc.bnl.gov/qcalc/).
• rho3 says if there are 2 kinematics for particle 3
• TKEout3 is T3a

The input is possible to easily parse with awk

./kinematics.py -i h2,c13 -o h1 -e 0.001MeV -a 10    | grep TKEout3 | awk '{print $2}'

Verification of some results

some 0.5 kev difference in Ethrs; Difference for @N15 is 10keV

  **********   https://www.nndc.bnl.gov/qcalc/ ***************
 h1 + c12:
   9B + α   -7552.4 9       8187.0  10
 h2 + li6:
   2α   22372.77160 15      0
   7Li + p  5026.528    4       0
 h1 + li7:
   6Li + d  -5026.528   5       5748.990    5
 ****************  nuphy2 *****************************************
make && ./kinesample 1.00783 12.00000 4.00260 9.01218 3 1
*******************************************************************
                     proj.AMU:     1.00783
                     targ.AMU:    12.00000
                     outg.AMU:     4.00260
               outg.theta.deg:    10.00000
                     proj.TKE:     3.00000
               proj.TKE.MeV/u:     2.97671
                    proj.Etot:   941.78300
                    proj.beta:     0.07975  23.91mm/ns
               reac.Ethrs_lab:     8.18674
                       reac.Q:    -7.55244
        reac.CoulBarr_(Rolfs):     2.02058
*******************************************************
                     proj.AMU:     2.01410
                     targ.AMU:     6.01512
                     outg.AMU:     1.00783
               outg.theta.deg:    10.00000
                     proj.TKE:     3.00000
               proj.TKE.MeV/u:     1.48950
                    proj.Etot:  1879.12378
                    proj.beta:     0.05648  16.93mm/ns
               reac.Ethrs_lab:     0.00000
                       reac.Q:     5.02652
********************************************************
                     proj.AMU:     1.00783
                     targ.AMU:     7.01600
                     outg.AMU:     2.01410
               outg.theta.deg:    10.00000
                     proj.TKE:     3.00000
               proj.TKE.MeV/u:     2.97671
                    proj.Etot:   941.78300
                    proj.beta:     0.07975  23.91mm/ns
               reac.Ethrs_lab:     5.74857
                       reac.Q:    -5.02652
        reac.CoulBarr_(Rolfs):     1.14085

Create C++ code for calculation of TKE3

Other kinematics resources

1. Web links to pdf and textbooks

   compatible with Rez kinematics:

   • a simple way to calculate Ethres, but numericaly there is a problem https://makingphysicsclear.com/energy-threshold-for-creation-of-particles-in-relativistic-collisions/

     • CATFORD recommendation https://indico.cern.ch/event/298890/contributions/684968/attachments/562284/774577/Catkin_Calculations.pdf

     • NW personal CATFORD http://personal.ph.surrey.ac.uk/%7Ephs1wc/kinematics/

     • CATFORRD https://personalpages.surrey.ac.uk/w.catford/kinematics/Relativistic%20Kinematics%20Formulae%20and%20Derivations.html

     • IAEA - Larelkin code https://www-nds.iaea.org/public/libraries/larelkin/iaeands1121.pdf

     • comparison - https://www.fuw.edu.pl/~kpias/ctnp/kinematics_calculators.pdf

2. Codes

   • LISE https://lise.frib.msu.edu/download/download.html

3. Web calculator

   • https://www.nndc.bnl.gov/qcalc/ Ethreshold (slight differences) , Q
   • try http://t2.lanl.gov/data/qtool.html , but not existing anymore

   • http://nrv.jinr.ru/nrv/mobilenrv/kinematics/Kinematics2Body.html no sure about correct values, but references bellow are useful
   • SA webtool https://skisickness.com/2020/02/kinematics/

[TODO]{.todo .TODO} Examples: {#examples}

Kinematics

Shoot deuteron at 24.4 MeV on c12 isotope, look at outgoing proton at 15 degrees that left the 13C excited at 3.089MeV (see appendix TUNL)

./bin_nuphy2 kin -i h2,c12  -e 24.4  -o h1 -a 15 -x 3.089

Result:

-- 15.0 deg  TKE=24.400 MeV Q= 2.722 MeV ------------
        th3cm=       16.74032
        th4cm=      163.25968
        th4  =       28.82888
        T3a  =       23.50155       T4b        0.00000
        T4a  =        3.62020       T4b       12.13499
        Kscsl=        0.80707 (sigma_cms=Kscsl*sigma_lab)
        rho3 =        0.11705 (if <=1.0 : 1 solution else 2 solutions for T3)
        p1   =      303.56252 (projectile momentum)
        V    =        0.02321 (velocity of CMS ... v/c)
        ttr  =        0.00000 (Threshold in Lab)
        ttrc =        0.00000 (Threshold in CMS == -Q)
        Q    =        2.72174 (if Q>0 = exoterm  [MeV])
        ExcT =        3.08900 (input tgt excitation)
        p3c  =      189.93230
        p4c  =      189.93230
 TKECMS(1,2) =       20.87655
EtotCMS(3,4) =       20.70207
        p3   =      211.37177     b  p3b  =      168.41384
        p4   =      296.20106     b  p4b  =      542.39606
        beta1=        0.15973    47.9mm/ns
        beta3=        0.21966    65.9mm/ns
        beta4=        0.02444    7.3mm/ns
   TKEout t3a =       23.50155

The last line t3a is Total Kinetic Energy of the outgoing h1 (particle 3).

There are few interesting things:

• Theta 3 and 4 in CMS

<!-- -->

• Total kinetic energy 3 and 4
  • factor to translate sigma to CMS,
  • Threshold in Lab and CMS
  • Q of reaction

Two kinematics example

Scattering (elastic) of alpha particle on proton

./bin_nuphy2 kin -i he4,h1  -e 24.4  -o h1 -a 15

--- 15.0 deg  TKE=24.400 MeV Q= 0.000 MeV ------------
        th3cm=       40.27772
        th4cm=      139.72228
        th4  =        6.39349
        T3a  =        9.01720       T4b        0.67407
        T4a  =       15.38280       T4b       23.72593
        Kscsl=        0.14504 (sigma_cms=Kscsl*sigma_lab)
        rho3 =        1.63980 (if <=1.0 : 1 solution else 2 solutions for T3)
     b  th3cm=      169.84178
     b  th4cm=       10.15822
     b  th4  =        1.34279
     b  T3(b)=        0.67407
     b  T4(b)=       23.72593
     b Kscslb=        1.94886 sigma_cms=K*sigma_lab)
        p1   =      427.24856 (projectile momentum)
        V    =        0.09107 (velocity of CMS ... v/c)
        ttr  =        0.00000 (Threshold in Lab)
        ttrc =        0.00000 (Threshold in CMS == -Q)
        Q    =        0.00000 (if Q>0 = exoterm  [MeV])
        ExcT =        3.08900 (input tgt excitation)
        p3c  =       52.21631
        p4c  =       52.21631
 TKECMS(1,2) =        4.90537
EtotCMS(3,4) =        1.81751
        p3   =      130.42892     b  p3b  =       35.58175
        p4   =      339.17273     b  p4b  =      421.46065
        beta1=        0.11385    34.2mm/ns
        beta3=        0.13761    41.3mm/ns
        beta4=        0.09052    27.2mm/ns
        t3a  =        9.01720   and  t3b  0.674068  (TKE)

Two kinamatics are calculated (a and b)

Video

https://youtu.be/tVV1KIkrd5Y

Srim

Run 40MeV/A of 40Ar through mylar

/bin_nuphy2 sri -i ar40 -m mylar -e 1600 -t 3um

Run the same beam through 12cm of isobutane at 950 mbar 20deg C

./bin_nuphy2 sri -i ar40 -m hisobutane -e 1600 -t 120mm -p 95000 -k 293

Same through the layer of mylar+isobutane

./bin_nuphy2 sri -i ar40 -m hisobutane -e 1600 -t 120mm -p 95000 -k 293

Similar, two mylar windows:

./bin_nuphy2 sri -i ar40  -m mylar,hisobutane,mylar -e 1600 -t 3um,120mm,3um -p 95000 -k 293

Using directly a srim.py module form git repository and write an h5 file with results

./srim.py -i h1 -m al -e 24.4 -t 3mm -n 300 -w a.h5

Othe projects

• wgurecky/GammaSpy
  • 2017, plotting peaks, fitting, CNF file
• lbl-anp/becquerel
  • 207-2023, plot, fit, calib. tabbed data access, reads N42, CHN
  • neutron activation tbd fully
  • fetch decay radioation, search-compare misc.ipynb
  • xcom
• messlinger/cnfconv
  • canberra CNF genie 2017-2020
• wojdyr/xylib
  • 2013-2023 Canberra CNF (from Genie-2000 software; aka CAM format)
  • xylib-py 1.6.1 used by gammaspy
• jtmorrell/curie
  • 2020-2023 , chains, other, but not a power there
• Foxton80441/Gandalf
  • 2019, ai, ?
• SiLab-Bonn/irradspectroscopy
  • 2018-2022, proton irrad, doses, peaks from lu.se
• mauricioAyllon/NASA-gamma
  • 2020- 2023, gui
  • DATABASES in CSV

Second level search

• SkyToGround/gamma-spectra
  • ortec maestro read
• MichaelHeines/Pythongammaspec
  • example of eff cal...

Some useful databases

• TOI - OFFLINE - http://nucleardata.nuclear.lu.se/toi/nuclide.asp?iZA=260059
• DECAY - https://www.nndc.bnl.gov/nudat2/indx_dec.jsp
• TUNL - https://nucldata.tunl.duke.edu/nucldata/figures/13figs/menu13.shtml
• lara - http://www.lnhb.fr/nuclear-data/module-lara/

Progress

---

           In      FireWrks     Fully            In                                  

module Place ParamCheck Func Pytest BinDir description1 description2 prjutils y NO NEVER NO NO Color,Fail,Print,GetFile
isotope y y ~ y y gives isotope data used by kinematics kinematics y y y y y kinematic calc
rolfs y y y y
srim y
xsections
yields
radcap
tendl
fispact from nuphy1
sr nuphy1
spectra nuphy1

---