OpenAirClim

Description

OpenAirClim is an open-source response model for quantifying the climate impact of air traffic emissions. Rather than explicitly simulating physical processes, it uses response functions derived from comprehensive climate-chemistry models. This makes OpenAirClim particularly fast and efficient, with individual runs taking seconds to minutes on a conventional computer.

Motivation

Aviation operations account for around 3.5% of Effective Radiative Forcing and its share is expected to grow. A large part of aviation's impact arises from non-CO2 effects, in particular nitrogen oxide emissions and the formation of contrails. The impact of non-CO2 effects is highly dependent on the location and time of the emission, as well as on the characteristics of the emitting aircraft. Emerging aircraft and fuels (e.g. SAF, hydrogen, hybrid-electric) demand new, open and efficient tools to quantify their climate impacts. However, existing models are either closed, too general or computationally intense.

OpenAirClim and its add-ons constitute an open-source framework to rapidly model aviation emissions and their climate response: supporting science, industry and policy. Development is being led by the German Aerospace Center (Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt, DLR) and includes various research and industry partners.

Highlights

OpenAirClim builds upon the previous AirClim framework. Compared to AirClim, the new OpenAirClim framework:

• Provides standardised, open formats for the simulation configuration file, emission inventories and results
• Provides a Graphical User Interface (GUI) for interactive configuration and results exploration
• Handles multiple emission inventories over time (4D dependence)
• Allows attribution of climate impact to specific aircraft or fleets
• Implements tagging for atmospheric chemistry
• Extends contrail calculations to novel aviation fuels
• Enables the calculation of parametric scenarios at post-processing level, e.g. climate optimised routing
• Provides uncertainty and robustness metrics (work in progress)
• Provides various outputs, including time series of radiative forcing and temperature change, various climate metrics and sea-level rise

Typical use cases

OpenAirClim is aimed both at research and industry. Typical research questions that can be answered by using OpenAirClim relate to:

• fleet-wide scenarios, e.g. the introduction of a new aircraft type; climate impact of operations from a specific airline or airport
• aviation industry scenarios, e.g. the introduction of a new fuel type; climate-optimal distribution of SAF
• operational procedures, e.g. intermediate stop operations; flying lower and slower

Layout

Documentation

Please refer to openairclim.org for the documentation of the OpenAirClim framework. The documentation includes installation manuals, quick-start and user guides, example demonstrations, an API reference, as well as information on the scientific background and OpenAirClim governance.

Installation

OpenAirClim is currently available from PyPI at https://pypi.org/project/openairclim or from source at https://github.com/dlr-pa/oac. Later OpenAirClim versions will also be available from conda-forge (work in progress).

Install with pip

To install OpenAirClim from PyPI with pip (Python 3.11 or later required):

pip install openairclim

# install with optional dependencies (gui, docs, test, dev)
pip install openairclim[dev]

To install the latest development version directly from GitHub, you have two options:

# with git
git clone https://github.com/dlr-pa/oac.git

# with pip
pip install git+https://github.com/dlr-pa/oac.git

Install with conda

To install OpenAirClim with conda, make sure that either the conda or mamba package manager is installed on your system. Currently, the only installation possibility with conda is by first cloning the GitHub repository and then installing the required dependencies using the provided environment_xxx.yaml files:

git clone https://github.com/dlr-pa/oac-git
cd oac
conda env create -f environment_xxx.yaml
conda activate <env>

# optional: install GUI dependencies
conda env update -f environment_gui.yaml -n <env>

# install OpenAirClim in the conda environment with pip
pip install .

Replace xxx with either minimal or dev (full installation) and <env> with the correct name of the conda environment (e.g. oac or oac_minimal). To install an editable version of the openairclim package, allowing you to make changes to the source code and see those changes reflected immediately, use pip install -e . instead.

Getting started

Download repository data

OpenAirClim's response surfaces and background concentration scenarios are published separately, in dlr-pa/oac-data. To download the data to a shared cache, use:

oac-download-data

See the installation guide for override options.

Emission inventories

Air traffic emission inventories are an essential input to OpenAirClim. You can download example emission inventories based on the DLR project DEPA 2050 here. These inventories comprise realistic air traffic between 2020 and 2070.

If you are interested in testing or developing OpenAirClim, you might want to generate artificial data. This can be done using command line scripts from openairclim/utils/:

oac-create-artificial-inventories -o example/input/
oac-create-time-evolution -o example/input/

Graphical User Interface

OpenAirClim ships with an optional GUI for creating, loading and editing configuration files, inspecting input data, running simulations and exploring results. Provided the gui dependencies have been installed, it can be launched using:

oac-gui

Run OpenAirClim

OpenAirClim can be run from the command line using:

cd path/to/working/directory
oac-run <config-name>.toml

Note that if there are any relative links in the config file (e.g. dir = input/), you must be in the right working directory for OpenAirClim to run successfully.

Create test files

If you contribute to the development of OpenAirClim, you will require additional test files. To create them, use:

python -m openairclim.utils.create_test_files -o tests/core/repository/

Roadmap

The scheduling of major software releases and milestone planning are partially dependent on the contractual framework with our stakeholders. For the version history of the completed releases, see the changelog. The full development stage as currently planned is shown in the layout.

Contributing

Contributions are very welcome. Please read our contribution guidelines to get started.

License

OpenAirClim is licensed under Apache 2.0, a copy of which can be found here.