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Panchang

PyPI Python License: MIT CI

Bhāratīya calendar infrastructure for developers — Panchang, festivals, muhurat, regional calendars, and batch computation.

Built on a Rust computation engine with Swiss Ephemeris precision. Not an astrology API. It answers: "What is happening in the Bhāratīya calendar right now, at this location?"

from datetime import date
from panchang import panchang, calendar, Location

delhi = Location(lat=28.6139, lng=77.2090, tz="Asia/Kolkata")

# Daily Panchang
today = panchang.compute(date.today(), delhi)
print(today.tithi.paksha, today.tithi.name)  # "Shukla Dvitiya"
print(today.nakshatra.name)    # "Pushya"
print(today.nakshatra.pada)    # 3
print(today.sun.sunrise)       # 2026-03-03 06:42:18+05:30

# Festival dates
festivals = calendar.compute_festivals(2026, delhi)
for f in festivals[:3]:
    print(f"{f.name}: {f.date}")
# Makar Sankranti: 2026-01-14
# Vasant Panchami: 2026-02-01
# Maha Shivaratri: 2026-02-15

Install

pip install panchang

Requires Python 3.11+. Wheels available for Linux, macOS, and Windows.

Features

Panchang (Daily Calendar)

All 5 Panchanga elements with precise transition times (start/end to the second):

  • Tithi (lunar day) — with Paksha (Shukla/Krishna)
  • Nakshatra (lunar mansion) — with Pada (1-4)
  • Yoga (Sun-Moon combination)
  • Karana (half-tithi)
  • Vara (weekday)

Sun & Moon

  • Sunrise/sunset using Hindu rising model (disc center at horizon, Bhāratīya atmospheric refraction)
  • Location-aware computation for any lat/lng/timezone

Muhurat (Auspicious Windows)

  • Rahu Kalam, Yama Gandam, Gulika Kalam
  • Abhijit Muhurat
  • Choghadiya (16 windows per day — 8 day + 8 night)

Festivals

55+ Hindu festivals astronomically computed for any year:

  • Tithi-based: Diwali, Holi, Janmashtami, Ram Navami, Ganesh Chaturthi, Navaratri, ...
  • Sankranti-based: Makar Sankranti, Pongal, Vishu, Bihu, ...
  • Nakshatra-based: Onam (Thiruvonam)
  • Ekadashi: All 24 per year with Smartha and Vaishnava dates — 26 in Adhika-maas years (Padmini + Parama, flagged is_adhik)
  • Vrat dates: Pradosh, Sankashti Chaturthi, Amavasya, Purnima (~60 per year)

Festival definitions are data-driven (YAML, not hardcoded) with year-agnostic astronomical rules. Each resolved date includes a reasoning string explaining the determination.

Regional Calendars

8 regional calendar systems with proper era numbering:

  • Solar: Tamil, Bengali, Malayalam, Kannada
  • Lunar: Hindi, Marathi, Telugu, Gujarati
  • Era support: Vikram Samvat, Shaka Samvat, Bangabda, Kollavarsham, Thiruvalluvar, 60-year Jovian cycle

Lunar Months

  • Both Amant (South Bhārat) and Purnimant (North Bhārat) systems
  • Adhik Maas (intercalary month) and Kshaya Maas detection

Shraddha Tithi

Death anniversary date resolution — given a death date, computes the Shraddha date for any target year using the lunar tithi and month.

Batch Computation

Full-year or date-range Panchang in a single call:

from panchang import batch, Location

delhi = Location(lat=28.6139, lng=77.2090, tz="Asia/Kolkata")
year_data = batch.compute_year(2026, delhi)  # 365 days of Panchang

Accuracy

All computations use the Swiss Ephemeris (Moshier analytical model) with Lahiri/Chitrapaksha Ayanamsa — the Government of Bhārat standard.

Cross-validated against Drik Panchang for 2026-02-24, Delhi:

Element Drik Panchang Panchang Delta
Sunrise 06:51 06:55 ~4 min
Tithi Shukla Saptami until 07:01 Shukla Saptami until 07:02 ~1 min
Nakshatra Krittika until 15:07 Krittika until 15:07 exact
Yoga Indra until 07:24 Indra until 07:23 ~1 min
Karana Vanija until 07:01 Vanija until 07:02 ~1 min
Rahu Kalam 15:26-16:52 15:24-16:48 ~2 min

All element names match exactly. Timing differences are 1-5 minutes due to sunrise geometric model variations.

Architecture

Rust core + Python API. All astronomical math runs in Rust via PyO3, giving C-level performance with a Pythonic interface.

Python (pydantic models, typed API)
  └── Rust via PyO3 (panchang, festivals, muhurat, batch)
        └── Swiss Ephemeris C (planetary positions via FFI)

Performance (Rust benchmarks):

  • Full Panchang: ~3.7 ms
  • Sunrise: ~29 µs
  • All 9 planets: ~7 µs

Development

# Setup
uv venv
uv pip install -e ".[dev]"

# Build Rust extension
maturin develop --uv

# Run tests
uv run pytest tests/ -v
cargo test --manifest-path crates/panchang-core/Cargo.toml -- --test-threads=1

# Lint
uv run ruff check python/ tests/
cargo clippy --manifest-path crates/panchang-core/Cargo.toml -- -D warnings

Tech Stack

Layer Technology
Computation Rust + PyO3
Ephemeris Swiss Ephemeris (vendored C, Moshier model)
Python 3.11+ with Pydantic v2
Build maturin + uv
Testing pytest + proptest + criterion
CI GitHub Actions + maturin-action

Contributing

Contributions welcome! Please open an issue first to discuss what you'd like to change.

# Run the full check suite before submitting
uv run ruff check python/ tests/
uv run pytest tests/ -v
cargo test --manifest-path crates/panchang-core/Cargo.toml -- --test-threads=1
cargo clippy --manifest-path crates/panchang-core/Cargo.toml -- -D warnings

License

MIT

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