PANDA (Python Automating Numerical Dot Algorithm)

PANDA is a Python library, dedicated to the precise generation and controlled parameterization of multi-element dot arrays for cognitive and psychophysiological tasks and studies.

Main features

• Control of spatial and size parameters.
• PsychoPy integration.
• Automatic scaling and geometric calculations.

Quick start

Installation

You can install the package directly from PyPI:

pip install panda-generator

Basic Usage

The following example demonstrates how to initialize PANDA, generate stimulus images for different conditions, and save the metadata to a CSV file:

import os
from psychopy import core, visual
from panda.generator import PANDA

WINDOW_RES = [700, 700]
OUTPUT_BASE = 'output_path'

CONDITIONS = [('ID', 'TA'), ('ID', 'TP')]
N_COUNTS = {2: 4, 3: 6, 4: 2, 5: 4}

win = visual.Window(
    WINDOW_RES, color='black', units='pix', multiSample=True, numSamples=8
)

gen = PANDA(
    win, n_anchor=3, base_ta=30000, base_cha=120000, color='white', seed=42
)

for spatial_type, size_type in CONDITIONS:
    condition_name = f'{spatial_type}_{size_type}'
    out_dir = os.path.join(OUTPUT_BASE, condition_name)
    os.makedirs(out_dir, exist_ok=True)

    print(f'Generating: {condition_name}')

    for n_val, count in N_COUNTS.items():
        for i in range(1, count + 1):
            img_path = os.path.join(
                out_dir, f'dot_N{n_val:02d}_{i:03d}_{condition_name}.png'
            )
            try:
                gen.generate_and_save(
                    num_elements=n_val,
                    spatial_type=spatial_type,
                    size_type=size_type,
                    output_filepath=img_path,
                    sd_ratio=0.2,
                    save_results=True,
                    pause_time=0
                )
            except Exception as e:
                print(f'Error [N={n_val}, attempt {i}]: {e}')

    gen.save_csv(os.path.join(out_dir, f'results_{condition_name}.csv'))

win.close()
core.quit()

LICENSE

MIT License

Copyright (c) 2026 Yehor Horin, Uniwersytet Warszawski

Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:

The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.

THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.