passagemath-graphs 10.5.49

passagemath: Graphs, posets, hypergraphs, designs, abstract complexes, combinatorial polyhedra, abelian sandpiles, quivers

passagemath is open source mathematical software in Python, released under the GNU General Public Licence GPLv2+.

It is a fork of SageMath, which has been developed 2005-2025 under the motto “Creating a Viable Open Source Alternative to Magma, Maple, Mathematica, and MATLAB”.

The passagemath fork was created in October 2024 with the following goals:

• providing modularized installation with pip, thus completing a major project started in 2020 in the Sage codebase,

• establishing first-class membership in the scientific Python ecosystem,

• giving clear attribution of upstream projects,

• providing independently usable Python interfaces to upstream libraries,

• providing platform portability and integration testing services to upstream projects,

• inviting collaborations with upstream projects,

• building a professional, respectful, inclusive community,

• developing a port to Pyodide for serverless deployment with Javascript,

• developing a native Windows port.

Full documentation is available online.

passagemath attempts to support all major Linux distributions and recent versions of macOS. Use on Windows currently requires the use of Windows Subsystem for Linux or virtualization.

Complete sets of binary wheels are provided on PyPI for Python versions 3.9.x-3.12.x. Python 3.13.x is also supported, but some third-party packages are still missing wheels, so compilation from source is triggered for those.

About this pip-installable distribution package

This pip-installable package passagemath-graphs is a distribution of a part of the Sage Library. It provides a small subset of the modules of the Sage library (“sagelib”, passagemath-standard) for computations with graphs, posets, complexes, etc.

It consists of over 170 first-party Python and Cython modules and uses the Boost Graph Library, with additional functionality from NetworkX and several other libraries.

What is included

• Graph Theory

• Trees

• Posets

• Abstract Complexes

• Combinatorial Designs and Incidence Structure

• Finite State Machines, Automata, Transducers

• Cluster Algebras and Quivers

• Knot Theory

• Sandpiles

• see https://github.com/passagemath/passagemath/blob/main/pkgs/sagemath-graphs/MANIFEST.in

Examples

A quick way to try it out interactively:

$ pipx run --pip-args="--prefer-binary" --spec "passagemath-graphs[test]" ipython
In [1]: from sage.all__sagemath_graphs import *

In [6]: g = Graph([(1, 3), (3, 8), (5, 2)]); g
Out[6]: Graph on 5 vertices

In [7]: g.is_connected()
Out[7]: False

Available as extras, from other distributions

Libraries

pip install passagemath-graphs[benzene,buckygen,plantri] additionally make various graph generators available via passagemath-benzene, passagemath-buckygen, and passagemath-plantri.

pip install passagemath-graphs[bliss] additionally installs passagemath-bliss for the purpose of computing graph (iso/auto)morphisms.

pip install passagemath-graphs[cliquer] additionally installs passagemath-cliquer

pip install passagemath-graphs[cmr] additionally installs passagemath-cmr for recognition and decomposition algorithms for network matrices, totally unimodular matrices and regular matroids, series-parallel matroids, etc.

pip install passagemath-graphs[gap] additionally installs passagemath-gap for group-theoretic functionality.

pip install passagemath-graphs[igraph] additionally installs igraph:

$ pipx run --pip-args="--prefer-binary" --spec "passagemath-graphs[igraph,test]" ipython
In [1]: from sage.all__sagemath_graphs import *

In [2]: ## Example depending on igraph goes here

pip install passagemath-graphs[mcqd] additionally installs passagemath-mcqd

pip install passagemath-graphs[nauty] additionally installs passagemath-nauty for computing automorphism groups of graphs and digraphs.

pip install passagemath-graphs[networkx] additionally installs NetworkX:

$ pipx run --pip-args="--prefer-binary" --spec "passagemath-graphs[networkx,test]" ipython
In [1]: from sage.all__sagemath_graphs import *

In [2]: ## Example depending on networkx goes here

pip install passagemath-graphs[pari] additionally installs passagemath-pari

pip install passagemath-graphs[planarity] additionally installs passagemath-planarity for planarity testing.

pip install passagemath-graphs[rankwidth] additionally installs passagemath-rankwidth for rank width and rank decompositions.

pip install passagemath-graphs[tdlib] additionally installs passagemath-tdlib for computing tree decompositions.

Features

pip install passagemath-graphs[combinat] additionally installs passagemath-combinat

pip install passagemath-graphs[editor] additionally installs the interactive graph editor phitigra.

pip install passagemath-graphs[groups] additionally makes group-theoretic features available via passagemath-gap, passagemath-groups, and passagemath-nauty:

$ pipx run --pip-args="--prefer-binary" --spec "passagemath-graphs[groups,test]" ipython
In [1]: from sage.all__sagemath_graphs import *

In [2]: g = Graph({
            0: [1, 2],
            1: [0, 2],
            2: [0, 1, 3],
            3: [2]
        })

In [3]: aut = g.automorphism_group()

In [4]: print(aut.order())

pip install passagemath-graphs[homology] provides homological computations for abstract complexes via passagemath-modules.

pip install passagemath-graphs[mip] additionally makes the mixed-integer programming solver GLPK available via passagemath-glpk and passagemath-polyhedra (see there for other available solvers).:

$ pipx run --pip-args="--prefer-binary" --spec "passagemath-graphs[mip,test]" ipython
In [1]: from sage.all__sagemath_graphs import *

In [2]: ## Example depending on MIP goes here

pip install passagemath-graphs[modules] additionally makes linear algebra features available via passagemath-modules.

pip install passagemath-graphs[plot] additionally installs passagemath-plot.

pip install passagemath-graphs[polyhedra] additionally installs passagemath-polyhedra.

pip install passagemath-graphs[sat] additionally provides SAT features via passagemath-combinat.

pip install passagemath-graphs[standard] installs all libraries and features related to graphs that are available in a standard installation of Sage.

Development

$ git clone --origin passagemath https://github.com/passagemath/passagemath.git
$ cd passagemath
passagemath $ ./bootstrap
passagemath $ python3 -m venv graphs-venv
passagemath $ source graphs-venv/bin/activate
(graphs-venv) passagemath $ pip install -v -e pkgs/sagemath-graphs