passagemath-rubiks 10.5.49

passagemath: Algorithms for Rubik's cube

passagemath is open source mathematical software in Python, released under the GNU General Public Licence GPLv2+.

It is a fork of SageMath, which has been developed 2005-2025 under the motto “Creating a Viable Open Source Alternative to Magma, Maple, Mathematica, and MATLAB”.

The passagemath fork was created in October 2024 with the following goals:

• providing modularized installation with pip, thus completing a major project started in 2020 in the Sage codebase,

• establishing first-class membership in the scientific Python ecosystem,

• giving clear attribution of upstream projects,

• providing independently usable Python interfaces to upstream libraries,

• providing platform portability and integration testing services to upstream projects,

• inviting collaborations with upstream projects,

• building a professional, respectful, inclusive community,

• developing a port to Pyodide for serverless deployment with Javascript,

• developing a native Windows port.

Full documentation is available online.

passagemath attempts to support all major Linux distributions and recent versions of macOS. Use on Windows currently requires the use of Windows Subsystem for Linux or virtualization.

Complete sets of binary wheels are provided on PyPI for Python versions 3.9.x-3.12.x. Python 3.13.x is also supported, but some third-party packages are still missing wheels, so compilation from source is triggered for those.

About this pip-installable distribution package

This pip-installable distribution passagemath-rubiks provides an interface to several programs for working with Rubik’s cubes.

Michael Reid (GPL) http://www.cflmath.com/~reid/Rubik/optimal_solver.html

• optimal - uses many pre-computed tables to find an optimal solution to the 3x3x3 Rubik’s cube

Dik T. Winter (MIT License)

• cube - uses Kociemba’s algorithm to iteratively find a short solution to the 3x3x3 Rubik’s cube

• size222 - solves a 2x2x2 Rubik’s cube

Eric Dietz (GPL) https://web.archive.org/web/20121212175710/http://www.wrongway.org/?rubiksource

• cu2 - A fast, non-optimal 2x2x2 solver

• cubex - A fast, non-optimal 3x3x3 solver

• mcube - A fast, non-optimal 4x4x4 solver

What is included

• Interface

• Features (via passagemath-environment)

• Binary wheels on PyPI contain prebuilt copies of rubiks executables.

Examples

Using rubiks programs on the command line:

$ pipx run --pip-args="--prefer-binary" --spec "passagemath-rubiks" sage -sh -c cubex

Finding the installation location of a rubiks program:

$ pipx run --pip-args="--prefer-binary" --spec "passagemath-rubiks[test]" ipython

In [1]: from sage.features.rubiks import cubex

In [2]: cubex().absolute_filename()

Using the Python interface:

$ pipx run --pip-args="--prefer-binary" --spec "passagemath-rubiks[test]" ipython

In [1]: from sage.interfaces.rubik import *

In [2]: C = RubiksCube("R U F L B D")

In [3]: sol = CubexSolver().solve(C.facets()); sol
Out[3]: "U' L' L' U L U' L U D L L D' L' D L' D' L D L' U' L D' L' U L' B' U' L' U B L D L D' U' L' U L B L B' L' U L U' L' F' L' F L' F L F' L' D' L' D D L D' B L B' L B' L B F' L F F B' L F' B D' D' L D B' B' L' D' B U' U' L' B' D' F' F' L D F'"

Using sage.groups.perm_gps:

$ pipx run --pip-args="--prefer-binary" --spec "passagemath-rubiks[test]" ipython

In [1]: from sage.all__sagemath_rubiks import *

In [2]: rubik = CubeGroup(); state = rubik.faces("R")

In [3]: rubik.solve(state)
Out[3]: 'R'