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PDF Segmentation

PDF Segmentation is a utility for parsing PDFs into structured page-range chunks using LLMs, designed for downstream processing such as image conversion, question extraction, derivations, and document analysis.

It is intended to sit at the front of a PDF processing pipeline, handling segmentation and orchestration.


Features

  • LLM-driven PDF segmentation into page ranges
  • Schema-validated, structured outputs
  • PDF → image conversion utilities
  • PDF page and range splitting
  • Multimodal (PDF + image) LLM support

Core Components

Segmentation Graph

from graph.graph import (
    graph as PDFSegmentation,
    Section,
    ListOutput,
    State as SegmentationInput,
)
  • PDFSegmentation – main graph entry point
  • Section – base class for output units
  • ListOutput[T] – typed LLM output container
  • State – input configuration for segmentation

The graph:

  • Accepts a PDF (path or bytes)
  • Invokes an LLM
  • Returns schema-validated segmentation results

PDF Utilities

PDF → Images

from pdf_image_converter import PDFImageConverter

PDF Page Splitting

from pdf_seperator import PDFSeperator

Multimodal LLM Invocation

from pdf_llm import PDFMultiModalLLM

Example

Define an Output Schema

from typing import Literal, List
from pydantic import BaseModel
from graph.graph import Section, ListOutput

class MySection(Section, BaseModel):
    title: str
    description: str
    section_type: Literal["derivation", "question"]

class MySections(ListOutput[MySection]):
    items: List[MySection]

Run Segmentation

from pathlib import Path
from graph.graph import graph, State

result = graph.invoke(
    State(
        pdf=Path("data/Lecture_02_03.pdf"),
        prompt="Extract the content into these chunks",
        output_schema=MySections,
    )
)

Input State

class State(BaseModel, Generic[T]):
    pdf: str | Path
    prompt: str
    pdf_bytes: bytes | None = None

    output_schema: Type[ListOutput[T]] = Field(exclude=True)
    raw_output: List[T] = []
    parsed: list[ParsedUnit[T]] = Field(default_factory=list)

    @field_serializer("pdf_bytes")
    def serialize_pdf_bytes(self, value: bytes):
        return base64.b64encode(value).decode("ascii")

Notes

  • Provide either pdf or pdf_bytes
  • output_schema controls the LLM output structure
  • parsed contains validated segmentation results

Typical Pipeline

PDF → LLM Segmentation → Page Ranges
   → PDF Splitter
   → PDF → Image Conversion
   → Downstream Processing

Common use cases include lecture parsing, educational content generation, and document analysis.


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