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Multi-label image classifier for PonyChart character identification.

Project description

PonyChart Classifier

PonyChart 角色辨識模型,用於自動辨識 HentaiVerse 戰鬥中出現的 PonyChart 圖片中的角色。

目錄結構

ponychart-classifier/
├── app/
│   └── label_images/                  # 圖片標註工具 (Tkinter GUI)
│       ├── __main__.py                # 進入點
│       ├── app.py                     # LabelApp 主應用
│       ├── analysis.py                # 模型分析 (背景推論)
│       ├── checkpoint_viewer.py       # Checkpoint 資訊檢視
│       ├── constants.py               # GUI 常數
│       ├── crop_handler.py            # 裁切處理
│       ├── distribution_viewer.py     # 角色分布統計檢視
│       ├── file_actions.py            # 批次檔案操作
│       ├── file_ops.py                # 檔案操作
│       ├── filter_builder.py          # 篩選條件建構
│       ├── filter_panel.py            # 篩選面板 UI
│       ├── image_viewer.py            # 圖片顯示元件
│       ├── label_store.py             # 標籤儲存
│       └── navigator.py              # 圖片導覽
├── src/
│   └── ponychart_classifier/          # PyPI 套件
│       ├── __init__.py                # 公開 API (predict, update, preload, get_thresholds)
│       ├── model_spec.py              # 推論常數 + PredictionResult / ClassThresholds
│       ├── inference.py               # PonyChartClassifier (ONNX 推論)
│       ├── _http.py                   # SSL-aware URL opener
│       ├── model.onnx                 # 隨套件發佈的 ONNX 模型
│       ├── thresholds.json            # 隨套件發佈的分類閾值
│       └── training/                  # 訓練函式庫
│           ├── __init__.py            # Re-export 所有 symbol
│           ├── constants.py           # 常數與訓練超參數 (single source of truth)
│           ├── device.py              # 裝置偵測
│           ├── dataset.py             # 資料載入、Dataset、transforms
│           ├── model.py               # Backbone registry + build_model()
│           ├── training.py            # 訓練迴圈、evaluate、threshold 優化
│           ├── checkpoint.py          # Checkpoint val_f1 重新計算與更新
│           ├── sampling.py            # 樣本載入與平衡
│           ├── splitting.py           # Hash-based group splitting
│           ├── log_helpers.py         # 日誌輔助
│           ├── script_utils.py        # 腳本共用工具
│           └── export.py              # ONNX 匯出
├── scripts/                           # 開發用腳本 (不隨套件發佈)
│   ├── train.py                       # 模型訓練腳本
│   ├── compare_backbones.py           # Backbone 架構比較
│   ├── compare_crops.py               # 裁切圖片效果分析
│   ├── compare_pos_weight.py          # pos_weight 效果比較
│   ├── compare_resolution.py          # 輸入解析度比較
│   ├── compare_resume_scratch.py      # Resume vs from-scratch 分析
│   ├── evaluate_holdout.py            # Holdout 評估
│   ├── analyze_augmentations.py       # 資料增強 ablation study
│   ├── analyze_distribution.py        # 標籤分布互動式視覺化 (Flask)
│   ├── learning_curve.py              # Learning curve 分析 + power-law 外推
│   ├── search_batch_lr.py             # LR 超參數搜尋
│   └── profile_dataloader.py          # DataLoader 效能分析
├── rawimage/                          # 訓練用原始圖片 (PNG)
│   ├── labels.json                    # 標註資料 {"1/twilight/filename.png": [1,3]}
│   └── checkpoint.pt                  # PyTorch checkpoint (resume 訓練用)
├── mypy.ini                           # MyPy strict 設定
├── pyproject.toml
├── uv.lock
└── README.md

標籤對照

編號 角色
1 Twilight Sparkle
2 Rarity
3 Fluttershy
4 Rainbow Dash
5 Pinkie Pie
6 Applejack

安裝

# 推論用 (hbrowser 會自動安裝)
uv pip install ponychart-classifier

# 開發用 (包含訓練依賴)
uv pip install -e ".[train]"

使用方式

from ponychart_classifier import predict, preload, update, get_thresholds
from ponychart_classifier import PonyChartClassifier, PredictionResult, ClassThresholds

# 預先載入模型
preload()

# 檢查並更新模型至最新版本(比對 ETag,有新版才下載)
updated: bool = update()

# 預測圖片中的角色
result: PredictionResult = predict("path/to/image.png")
print(result.labels)            # frozenset({'Rarity', 'Fluttershy'})
print(result.rarity)            # 0.95
print(result.twilight_sparkle)  # 0.02

# 取得各角色的分類閾值
thresholds: ClassThresholds = get_thresholds()

也可以直接使用 PonyChartClassifier 類別:

from ponychart_classifier import PonyChartClassifier

classifier = PonyChartClassifier(model_path="model.onnx", thresholds_path="thresholds.json")
result = classifier.predict("path/to/image.png", min_k=1, max_k=3)

工作流程

1. 收集圖片

將新的 PonyChart 截圖 (PNG) 放入 rawimage/ 資料夾。

2. 安裝訓練依賴

# 只需一次,標註工具與訓練皆需要
uv pip install -e ".[train]"

3. 標註圖片

uv run python -m app.label_images

4. 訓練模型

# 執行訓練 (若存在 checkpoint.pt 則自動從上次結果繼續訓練)
uv run python scripts/train.py

# 強制從頭訓練 (忽略 checkpoint,從 ImageNet 預訓練權重開始)
uv run python scripts/train.py --from-scratch

訓練完成後會覆寫 model.onnxthresholds.jsoncheckpoint.pt,下次推論自動使用新模型。

Resume 訓練

新增圖片並標註後,直接執行 train.py 即可。腳本會自動偵測 checkpoint.pt

  • 有 checkpoint: 載入之前的模型權重,跳過 Phase 1 (head-only),直接進入 Phase 2 fine-tuning,收斂更快
  • 無 checkpoint: 從 ImageNet 預訓練權重開始完整兩階段訓練

訓練超參數

所有超參數集中於 src/ponychart_classifier/training/constants.py,修改後對所有腳本生效:

參數 預設值 說明
BACKBONE efficientnet_b0 見下方支援的 backbone
BATCH_SIZE 64 批次大小
SEED 42 隨機種子
PHASE1_EPOCHS 30 Phase 1 (head-only) 訓練輪數
PHASE1_PATIENCE 5 Phase 1 early stopping patience
PHASE2_EPOCHS 100 Phase 2 (full fine-tuning) 最大訓練輪數
PHASE2_PATIENCE 12 Phase 2 early stopping patience
LR_HEAD 4e-3 Head 層學習率
LR_FEATURES 1.2e-4 Backbone 特徵提取層學習率
LR_CLASSIFIER 1.2e-3 分類器層學習率
VAL_SIZE 0.15 驗證集比例
HOLDOUT_TEST_SIZE 0.20 Holdout 測試集比例

支援的 Backbone

Backbone 參數量 ONNX 大小 說明
mobilenet_v3_small 2.5M ~4MB 輕量快速
mobilenet_v3_large 5.4M ~9MB 精度最高
efficientnet_b0 5.3M ~11MB 預設,精度接近 Large,但訓練較慢
efficientnet_b2 9.1M ~18MB 最大模型,較高精度但較慢

所有 backbone 都使用 ImageNet 預訓練權重 + transfer learning。 推論端使用 ONNX Runtime,backbone 更換後只需重新匯出 model.onnx,推論程式碼不需改動。

分析腳本

分析腳本使用 training/constants.py 中的超參數設定:

# 比較四種 backbone 的效果
uv run python scripts/compare_backbones.py

# 分析裁切圖片的影響
uv run python scripts/compare_crops.py

# 資料增強 ablation study
uv run python scripts/analyze_augmentations.py

# 標籤分布互動式視覺化 (Flask web UI)
uv run python scripts/analyze_distribution.py

# Learning curve 分析 (估算增加資料的邊際效益)
uv run python scripts/learning_curve.py

# LR 超參數搜尋
uv run python scripts/search_batch_lr.py

模型架構

  • Backbone: 可選 MobileNetV3-Small/Large 或 EfficientNet-B0/B2 (預設 EfficientNet-B0,ImageNet 預訓練)
  • 訓練策略: Phase 1 head-only + Phase 2 full fine-tuning,支援從 checkpoint 繼續訓練
  • 輸出: 6 個 sigmoid 節點 (多標籤分類)
  • 推論引擎: ONNX Runtime (CPU)
  • 推論速度: 3-21ms / 張

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