Asyncio library for creating Prometheus exporters
Project description
prometheus-aioexporter is an aysncio-based library to simplify writing Prometheus exporters in Python.
Exporters are usually implemented as small daemons that expose metrics in text format through a web endpoint (usually /metrics).
Usage
The library provides a PrometheusExporterScript class that serves as an entry point to create services that export Prometheus metrics via an HTTP(s) endpoint.
Creating a new exporter is just a matter of subclassing PrometheusExporterScript and implementing a few methods as needed.
An example usage is the following:
import click
from prometheus_aioexporter import Arguments, PrometheusExporterScript
class MyExporter(PrometheusExporterScript):
"""My Prometheus exporter."""
name = "my-exporter"
default_port = 9091
envvar_prefix = "MYEXP"
def command_line_parameters(self) -> list[click.Parameter]:
# Additional options for the script
return [
click.Option(["--custom-option"], help="a custom option"),
...
]
def configure(self, args: Arguments) -> None:
# Save attributes that are needed for later
self.data = do_stuff()
# ...
async def on_application_startup(
self, application: aiohttp.web.Application
) -> None:
# Start other asyncio tasks at application startup
do_something_with(self.data)
# ...
async def on_application_shutdown(
self, application: aiohttp.web.Application
) -> None:
# Stop other asyncio tasks at application shutdown
do_more_with(self.data)
# ...
script = MyExporter()
Also see the sample script for a complete example.
The script variable from the example above can be referenced in pyproject.toml to generate the script, like
[project.scripts]
my-exporter = "path.to.script:script"
The description of the exporter can be customized by setting the docstring in the script class.
Exporter command-line
PrometheusExporterScript provides a few command-line arguments by default:
Options:
-H, --host TEXT host addresses to bind [env var: EXP_HOST;
default: localhost]
-p, --port INTEGER port to run the webserver on [env var:
EXP_PORT; default: 9091]
--metrics-path TEXT path under which metrics are exposed [env
var: EXP_METRICS_PATH; default: /metrics]
-L, --log-level [critical|error|warning|info|debug]
minimum level for log messages [env var:
EXP_LOG_LEVEL; default: info]
--log-format [plain|json] log output format [env var: EXP_LOG_FORMAT;
default: plain]
--process-stats include process stats in metrics [env var:
EXP_PROCESS_STATS]
--ssl-private-key FILE full path to the ssl private key [env var:
EXP_SSL_PRIVATE_KEY]
--ssl-public-key FILE full path to the ssl public key [env var:
EXP_SSL_PUBLIC_KEY]
--ssl-ca FILE full path to the ssl certificate authority
(CA) [env var: EXP_SSL_CA]
--version Show the version and exit.
--help Show this message and exit.
Further options can be added by implementing command_line_parameters() to return additional click.Argument and click.Option items to add to the command line.
See the Click manual for more details on available parameter types.
In order to serve metrics on the HTTPS endpoint both ssl-private-key and ssl-public-key need to be define. The ssl certificate authority (i.e. ssl-ca) is optional.
Environment variables
Values from default arguments can also be supplied via environment variables. Variables names match the <envvar_prefix>_<option_with_underscores format, so, for instance, the --port option can be provided as MYEXP_PORT=9091 (assuming the PrometheusExporterScript.envvar_prefix is set to MYEXP).
Provided command-line options take precedence over environment variables.
It’s also possible to provide environment variables via dotenv file. By default .env is looked up in the current working directory. The file to load can be overridden by setting the file path via the <envvar_prefix>_DOTENV variable.
Explicitly provided environment variables take precedence over the ones defined in the dotenv file.
Startup configuration
Additional initial setup (e.g. config file parsing) can be performed by the script by implementing the configure(). This is called at startup with the parsed arguments (an Arguments instance).
Metrics configuration
The metrics exported by the script can be set up by calling create_metrics with a list of MetricConfigs. This is typically done in configure():
def configure(self, args: Arguments) -> None:
# ...
self.create_metrics(
[
MetricConfig("metric1", "a metric", "gauge"),
MetricConfig("metric2", "another metric", "counter", labels=("l1", "l2")),
]
)
Web application setup
On startup, PrometheusExporterScript creates a PrometheusExporter which includes a web application that exposes metrics.
It’s possible to customize and perform additional startup/shutdown tasks by implementing the on_application_startup and on_application_shutdown coroutine methods, which are called with the application as parameter.
The PrometheusExporter instance is accessible via application[EXPORTER_APP_KEY]), and provides a set_metric_update_handler method to register a hook to update metrics on each request, before the response is returned to the client. The registered function must return a coroutine and is called with a dict mapping metric names to metric objects:
async def on_application_startup(self, application: aiohttp.web.Application) -> None:
# ...
application[EXPORTER_APP_KEY].set_metric_update_handler(self._update_handler)
async def _update_handler(self, metrics: dict[str, prometheus_client.metrics.MetricWrapperBase]):
for name, metric in metrics.items():
metric.set(...)
See prometheus_aioexporter.sample for a complete example (the script can be run as prometheus-aioexporter-sample).
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