Python NEC2++ Module

This module wraps the C++ API for antenna simulation of nec2++. It is easier to work with, and more powerful than the C-style API wrapper. Works with Python 2.7 and 3+.

Usage

Here is an example that plots a radiation pattern.

from PyNEC import *
import numpy as np

#creation of a nec context
context=nec_context()

#get the associated geometry
geo = context.get_geometry()

#add wires to the geometry
geo.wire(0, 36, 0, 0, 0, -0.042, 0.008, 0.017, 0.001, 1.0, 1.0)
context.geometry_complete(0)

context.gn_card(-1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0)

#add a "ex" card to specify an excitation
context.ex_card(1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0)

#add a "fr" card to specify the frequency 
context.fr_card(0, 2, 2400.0e6, 100.0e6)

#add a "rp" card to specify radiation pattern sampling parameters and to cause program execution
context.rp_card(0, 91, 1, 0, 5, 0, 0, 0.0, 45.0, 4.0, 2.0, 1.0, 0.0)

#get the radiation_pattern
rp = context.get_radiation_pattern(0)

# Gains are in decibels
gains_db = rp.get_gain()
gains = 10.0**(gains_db / 10.0)
thetas = rp.get_theta_angles() * 3.1415 / 180.0
phis = rp.get_phi_angles() * 3.1415 / 180.0


# Plot stuff
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

ax = plt.subplot(111, polar=True)
ax.plot(thetas, gains[:,0], color='r', linewidth=3)
ax.grid(True)

ax.set_title("Gain at an elevation of 45 degrees", va='bottom')
plt.savefig('RadiationPattern.png')
plt.show()

Manual Build & install

Requirements

  • Pandoc
  • Swig
  • For Windows: C/C++ compilers.
  • Git bash (for running build.sh script)
  • Latest python packages: pip, setuptools, numpy, wheel, numpy. Run: $ pip install --upgrade pip setuptools wheel numpy

Note: Download and extract swigwin.zip and add the path to swig.exe to environment.

Then do following:

    $ git clone --recursive https://github.com/tmolteno/python-necpp.git
    $ cd python-necpp
    $ cd PyNEC
    $ ./build.sh
	$ python setup.py bdist_wheel (For generating wheel, requires wheel package)
    $ sudo python setup.py install

Note: 'sudo' is not required in windows.

Install from PyPI

$ sudo pip install pynec

Note: 'sudo' is not required in windows.

Testing

Requirements

  • python package: matplotlib

    $ python example/test_rp.py

The example directory contains the following additional examples (that are inspired by excercises from a course on antennas):

  • logperiodic_opt.py is an example on how to combine PyNECPP with scipy.optimize to use a genetic algorithm to optimize an antenna for multiple frequency bands at the same time (which I thin is not possible in 4nec2). The resulting gains and VSWR are plotted over the frequency range of interest. This requires scipy >= 0.15.0 due to the usage of scipy.optimize.differential_evolution.
  • monopole_realistic_ground_plane.py plots the vertical gain pattern of a monopole antenna. Its dimensions are optimized with a local search, and the path through the search space is visualized with a heat map.
  • dipole.py does a very simple optimization of a dipole, and plots the VSWR over a given frequency range for different system impedances to file.

Project links

Data verified by PyPI on Jul 23, 2026
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Credits

Author: Tim Molteno

GitHub Statistics

Data verified by PyPI on Jul 23, 2026
The GitHub source repository was provided by the project maintainers and verified by PyPI at the time of upload. Stars, forks, and open issues/PRs are derived from that repository and have not been independently verified.

License

GNU General Public License v2 (GPLv2) (GPLv2)

Tags

nec2 nec2++ antenna electromagnetism radio

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