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pynng

MIT License PyPI Version smoketest Build docs Python

Ergonomic bindings for nanomsg next generation (nng), in Python. pynng provides a nice interface on top of the full power of nng. nng, and therefore pynng, make it easy to communicate between processes on a single computer or computers across a network. This library is compatible with Python 3.10+ (Python 3.10 is deprecated following its October 2026 EOL; Python 3.11+ is recommended). nng is the rewriting of Nanomsg, which is the spiritual successor to ZeroMQ.

Goals

Provide a Pythonic, works-out-of-the box library on Windows and Unix-y platforms. Like nng itself, the license is MIT, so it can be used without restriction.

Installation

On Windows, macOS, and Linux, the usual

pip install pynng

should suffice. Pre-built binary wheels are available for Windows, Linux (x86_64, aarch64), and macOS (universal2). If building from source or on platforms without binary wheels, CMake and a C compiler are required.

Building from the GitHub repo works as well, natch:

git clone https://github.com/codypiersall/pynng
cd pynng
uv pip install -e '.[dev]'

pynng might work on the BSDs as well. Who knows!

Using pynng

Using pynng is easy peasy:

from pynng import Pair0

s1 = Pair0()
s1.listen('tcp://127.0.0.1:54321')
s2 = Pair0()
s2.dial('tcp://127.0.0.1:54321')
s1.send(b'Well hello there')
print(s2.recv())
s1.close()
s2.close()

Since pynng sockets support setting most parameters in the socket's __init__ method and is a context manager, the above code can be written much shorter:

from pynng import Pair0

with Pair0(listen='tcp://127.0.0.1:54321') as s1, \
        Pair0(dial='tcp://127.0.0.1:54321') as s2:
    s1.send(b'Well hello there')
    print(s2.recv())

Using pynng with an async framework

Asynchronous sending also works with trio and asyncio. Here is an example using trio:

import pynng
import trio

async def send_and_recv(sender, receiver, message):
    await sender.asend(message)
    return await receiver.arecv()

with pynng.Pair0(listen='tcp://127.0.0.1:54321') as s1, \
        pynng.Pair0(dial='tcp://127.0.0.1:54321') as s2:
    received = trio.run(send_and_recv, s1, s2, b'hello there old pal!')
    assert received == b'hello there old pal!'

And here is the same example using asyncio:

import asyncio
import pynng

async def send_and_recv(sender, receiver, message):
    await sender.asend(message)
    return await receiver.arecv()

with pynng.Pair0(listen='tcp://127.0.0.1:54321') as s1, \
        pynng.Pair0(dial='tcp://127.0.0.1:54321') as s2:
    received = asyncio.run(send_and_recv(s1, s2, b'hello there old pal!'))
    assert received == b'hello there old pal!'

Many other protocols are available as well:

  • Pair0: one-to-one, bidirectional communication.
  • Pair1: one-to-one, bidirectional communication, but also supporting polyamorous sockets
  • Pub0, Sub0: publish/subscribe sockets.
  • Surveyor0, Respondent0: Broadcast a survey to respondents, e.g. to find out what services are available.
  • Req0, Rep0: request/response pattern.
  • Push0, Pull0: Aggregate messages from multiple sources and load balance among many destinations.
  • Bus0: mesh networking, where each node can send to and receive from all directly connected peers.

NNG v1 and NNG v2 Support

pynng 1.x bundles both NNG v1 (v1.12.5) and NNG v2 (v2.1.0) in the same wheel:

  • import pynng — uses NNG v1 (v1.12.5 by default), preserving 100% compatibility with existing pynng applications.
  • import pynng.v2 — uses NNG v2 (v2.1.0 by default) with the same Pythonic socket/context API (pynng 2.0 will make NNG v2 the top-level default).

When building from source, you can override NNG_REV (v1) or NNG_V2_REV (v2), or pass -C cmake.args="-DPYNNG_USE_LATEST_PATCH=ON" to automatically resolve both tracks to the latest upstream patch tag in their respective major.minor series.

Examples

Several examples are available in the examples directory, covering pair, pub/sub, req/rep, push/pull, bus, survey, and polyamorous pair1 patterns.

Documentation

Full documentation is available at pynng.readthedocs.io.

Troubleshooting

macOS: ld: archive member '/' not a mach-o file

This error occurs when Homebrew LLVM's llvm-ranlib is used instead of Apple's native ranlib. The llvm-ranlib tool has a known bug where it produces GNU archive format instead of BSD/Darwin format for static libraries with no exported symbols. Apple's linker rejects these archives.

pynng's build system detects and works around this automatically. If you still encounter this error, you can explicitly set the ranlib tool:

CMAKE_RANLIB=/usr/bin/ranlib pip install pynng

Or pass it through scikit-build-core:

pip install pynng -C cmake.args="-DCMAKE_RANLIB=/usr/bin/ranlib"

Linux: libclang not found

Standard builds from source use the pre-generated CFFI declarations in pynng/_nng_cdef.py and do not require libclang or headerkit. libclang development headers are only required when regenerating CFFI declarations or .pyi stubs from NNG's C headers (PYNNG_USE_CACHED_CDEF=0). Install the appropriate package for your distribution if regenerating bindings:

# Debian/Ubuntu
sudo apt install libclang-dev

# RHEL/CentOS/Fedora
sudo yum install clang-devel

# Alpine
apk add clang-dev

Contributing

Contributions are welcome! See CONTRIBUTING.md for development setup, testing, and the contribution workflow.

Changelog

See CHANGELOG.md for a list of notable changes.

Python Version Support & Deprecation Policy

pynng supports Python 3.10, 3.11, 3.12, 3.13, and 3.14. Following the official Python release lifecycle:

  • Python 3.10: Reached end-of-life (EOL) in October 2026. Support for Python 3.10 is now deprecated and will be removed in a future release. Users are strongly encouraged to upgrade to Python 3.11 or newer.
  • Python 3.11–3.14: Fully supported and tested across Linux, macOS, and Windows.

Git Branch Policy

The only stable branch is master. There will never be a git push -f on master. On the other hand, all other branches are not considered stable; they may be deleted, rebased, force-pushed, and any other manner of funky business.

Metadata

Release files for pynng 1.0.0b4

For a detailed explanation of source distributions (sdists) and built distributions (wheels), please see the package formats documentation.

Source distribution (sdist)

Source distribution for pynng 1.0.0b4
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pynng-1.0.0b4.tar.gz 272.4 kB With provenance Details for pynng-1.0.0b4.tar.gz

Built distributions (wheels)

Table of built distributions (wheels) for pynng 1.0.0b4
File Actions
pynng-1.0.0b4-pp311-pypy311_pp80-manylinux_2_26_x86_64.manylinux_2_28_x86_64.whl PyPy 3.11 PyPy 3.11 8.0 Linux glibc 2.26+ x86-64, Linux glibc 2.28+ x86-64 Details for pynng-1.0.0b4-pp311-pypy311_pp80-manylinux_2_26_x86_64.manylinux_2_28_x86_64.whl
pynng-1.0.0b4-pp311-pypy311_pp80-manylinux_2_26_aarch64.manylinux_2_28_aarch64.whl PyPy 3.11 PyPy 3.11 8.0 Linux glibc 2.28+ ARM64, Linux glibc 2.26+ ARM64 Details for pynng-1.0.0b4-pp311-pypy311_pp80-manylinux_2_26_aarch64.manylinux_2_28_aarch64.whl
pynng-1.0.0b4-pp311-pypy311_pp80-macosx_11_0_arm64.whl PyPy 3.11 PyPy 3.11 8.0 macOS 11.0+ ARM64 Details for pynng-1.0.0b4-pp311-pypy311_pp80-macosx_11_0_arm64.whl
pynng-1.0.0b4-cp315-cp315t-win_arm64.whl CPython 3.15 CPython 3.15 free-threading Windows ARM64 Details for pynng-1.0.0b4-cp315-cp315t-win_arm64.whl
pynng-1.0.0b4-cp315-cp315t-win_amd64.whl CPython 3.15 CPython 3.15 free-threading Windows x86-64 Details for pynng-1.0.0b4-cp315-cp315t-win_amd64.whl
pynng-1.0.0b4-cp315-cp315t-musllinux_1_2_x86_64.whl CPython 3.15 CPython 3.15 free-threading Linux musl 1.2+ x86-64 Details for pynng-1.0.0b4-cp315-cp315t-musllinux_1_2_x86_64.whl
pynng-1.0.0b4-cp315-cp315t-musllinux_1_2_aarch64.whl CPython 3.15 CPython 3.15 free-threading Linux musl 1.2+ ARM64 Details for pynng-1.0.0b4-cp315-cp315t-musllinux_1_2_aarch64.whl
pynng-1.0.0b4-cp315-cp315t-manylinux_2_26_x86_64.manylinux_2_28_x86_64.whl CPython 3.15 CPython 3.15 free-threading Linux glibc 2.26+ x86-64, Linux glibc 2.28+ x86-64 Details for pynng-1.0.0b4-cp315-cp315t-manylinux_2_26_x86_64.manylinux_2_28_x86_64.whl
pynng-1.0.0b4-cp315-cp315t-manylinux_2_26_aarch64.manylinux_2_28_aarch64.whl CPython 3.15 CPython 3.15 free-threading Linux glibc 2.26+ ARM64, Linux glibc 2.28+ ARM64 Details for pynng-1.0.0b4-cp315-cp315t-manylinux_2_26_aarch64.manylinux_2_28_aarch64.whl
pynng-1.0.0b4-cp315-cp315t-macosx_10_15_universal2.whl CPython 3.15 CPython 3.15 free-threading macOS 10.15+ universal2 (ARM64, x86-64) Details for pynng-1.0.0b4-cp315-cp315t-macosx_10_15_universal2.whl
pynng-1.0.0b4-cp314-cp314t-win_arm64.whl CPython 3.14 CPython 3.14 free-threading Windows ARM64 Details for pynng-1.0.0b4-cp314-cp314t-win_arm64.whl
pynng-1.0.0b4-cp314-cp314t-win_amd64.whl CPython 3.14 CPython 3.14 free-threading Windows x86-64 Details for pynng-1.0.0b4-cp314-cp314t-win_amd64.whl
pynng-1.0.0b4-cp314-cp314t-musllinux_1_2_x86_64.whl CPython 3.14 CPython 3.14 free-threading Linux musl 1.2+ x86-64 Details for pynng-1.0.0b4-cp314-cp314t-musllinux_1_2_x86_64.whl
pynng-1.0.0b4-cp314-cp314t-musllinux_1_2_aarch64.whl CPython 3.14 CPython 3.14 free-threading Linux musl 1.2+ ARM64 Details for pynng-1.0.0b4-cp314-cp314t-musllinux_1_2_aarch64.whl
pynng-1.0.0b4-cp314-cp314t-manylinux_2_26_x86_64.manylinux_2_28_x86_64.whl CPython 3.14 CPython 3.14 free-threading Linux glibc 2.26+ x86-64, Linux glibc 2.28+ x86-64 Details for pynng-1.0.0b4-cp314-cp314t-manylinux_2_26_x86_64.manylinux_2_28_x86_64.whl
pynng-1.0.0b4-cp314-cp314t-manylinux_2_26_aarch64.manylinux_2_28_aarch64.whl CPython 3.14 CPython 3.14 free-threading Linux glibc 2.26+ ARM64, Linux glibc 2.28+ ARM64 Details for pynng-1.0.0b4-cp314-cp314t-manylinux_2_26_aarch64.manylinux_2_28_aarch64.whl
pynng-1.0.0b4-cp314-cp314t-macosx_10_15_universal2.whl CPython 3.14 CPython 3.14 free-threading macOS 10.15+ universal2 (ARM64, x86-64) Details for pynng-1.0.0b4-cp314-cp314t-macosx_10_15_universal2.whl
pynng-1.0.0b4-cp310-abi3-win_arm64.whl CPython 3.10 abi3 Windows ARM64 Details for pynng-1.0.0b4-cp310-abi3-win_arm64.whl
pynng-1.0.0b4-cp310-abi3-win_amd64.whl CPython 3.10 abi3 Windows x86-64 Details for pynng-1.0.0b4-cp310-abi3-win_amd64.whl
pynng-1.0.0b4-cp310-abi3-musllinux_1_2_x86_64.whl CPython 3.10 abi3 Linux musl 1.2+ x86-64 Details for pynng-1.0.0b4-cp310-abi3-musllinux_1_2_x86_64.whl
pynng-1.0.0b4-cp310-abi3-musllinux_1_2_aarch64.whl CPython 3.10 abi3 Linux musl 1.2+ ARM64 Details for pynng-1.0.0b4-cp310-abi3-musllinux_1_2_aarch64.whl
pynng-1.0.0b4-cp310-abi3-manylinux_2_26_x86_64.manylinux_2_28_x86_64.whl CPython 3.10 abi3 Linux glibc 2.26+ x86-64, Linux glibc 2.28+ x86-64 Details for pynng-1.0.0b4-cp310-abi3-manylinux_2_26_x86_64.manylinux_2_28_x86_64.whl
pynng-1.0.0b4-cp310-abi3-manylinux_2_26_aarch64.manylinux_2_28_aarch64.whl CPython 3.10 abi3 Linux glibc 2.26+ ARM64, Linux glibc 2.28+ ARM64 Details for pynng-1.0.0b4-cp310-abi3-manylinux_2_26_aarch64.manylinux_2_28_aarch64.whl
pynng-1.0.0b4-cp310-abi3-macosx_10_13_universal2.whl CPython 3.10 abi3 macOS 10.13+ universal2 (ARM64, x86-64) Details for pynng-1.0.0b4-cp310-abi3-macosx_10_13_universal2.whl

Total release size: 64.8 MB

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