pyochain 0.22.0

Method chaining for iterables and dictionaries in Python.

pyochain ⛓️

Fluent method chaining for Python.

Inspired by Rust's Iterator, Result, Option, and DataFrame libraries like Polars, pyochain is a no-dependency library providing a set of classes with a fluent API, to work with iterations, collections, handle optional values, or manage errors.

Key Features

• ⛓️ Declarative & fluent chaining — Replace for loops, None checks, and error handling with chainable methods.
• 🦥 Lazy-first, 🔒 explicit mutability — Iter[T] for lazy, efficient iterations; Seq and Set for immutable data; Vec and SetMut when you need to mutate.
• Memory efficient - Almost all methods from Iter[T] operate in streaming fashion, and Vec[T] provides in-place methods with more memory efficiency than standard list methods (e.g. x.extend_move(y) won't create intermediate allocations like x.extend(y) followed by y.clear()).
• 🎯 Result and Option types - Handle None and exceptions in a fluent, explicit way.
• 🔥 Blazingly fast — Core Option and Result types are written in Rust for minimal overhead, and iterators use almost always compiled C or Rust level code, from the builtins, itertools or custom Pyo3 implementations.
• 🛡️ 100% type-safe — Full generic support and autocompletion in your IDE.
• 📚 Accurate Documentation — Every method is documented and tested with runnable examples. Every code example in the website (or this README) is also tested, ensuring accuracy and reliability.
• 🔄 Interoperable — Seamlessly convert to/from types with various methods like .into() and .collect(), convert Iterables to Option or Result based on their truthiness, and more.
• 🐍 Mixins and ABC's — Extend your own classes with the mixins, Protocol and ABC's provided by the abc module.

Installation

uv add pyochain # or pip install pyochain

See the package page on Pypi

Quick Start

Iterations

Below is an example of how to use Iter, and how it compares to a pure Python implementation using itertools:

from pyochain import Iter, Seq
import itertools

wanted = ((0, "1"), (1, "9"), (2, "25"), (3, "49"), (4, "81"))

pyochain_res = (
    Iter
    .from_count(1)
    .filter(lambda x: x % 2 != 0)
    .map(lambda x: x**2)
    .take(5)
    .enumerate()
    .map_star(lambda idx, value: (idx, str(value)))
    .collect(tuple)
)
py_res = tuple(
    itertools.islice(
        itertools.starmap(
            lambda idx, val: (idx, str(val)),
            enumerate(
                map(lambda x: x**2, filter(lambda x: x % 2 != 0, itertools.count(1)))
            ),
        ),
        5,
    )
)
assert pyochain_res == py_res == wanted

Result and Option Types

from pyochain import Option, NONE, Some, Seq, Vec, Set, Ok, Err, Result
from pyochain.abc import PyoIterable


def divide(a: int, b: int) -> Option[float]:
    return NONE if b == 0 else Some(a / b)


assert divide(10, 2) == Some(5.0)
# Provide a default value
assert divide(10, 0).unwrap_or(-1.0) == -1.0
# Convert between Collections -> Option -> Result
tup = (1, 2, 3)
seq = Seq(tup)
assert seq.then_some() == Some(Seq(tup))
assert seq.then_some().ok_or("No values").unwrap() == Seq(tup)


# Accept any Pyochain Iterable
def _process(data: PyoIterable[int]) -> str:
    return data.iter().map(str).join(", ")


# Process only if non-empty, convert Option to Result
assert seq.then(_process).ok_or("No values").unwrap() == "1, 2, 3"
assert Vec(()).then(_process).ok_or("No values").expect_err("expected error") == "No values"
# Create empty Set, convert to Result, then back to Option
assert Set(()).then(_process).ok_or("No values").ok() is NONE

Type safe exhaustive handling with pattern matching

Type checkers will ensure that all cases are handled when matching on Option and Result types.

from pyochain import Result, Ok, Err


def try_parse_int(s: str) -> Result[int, ValueError]:
    try:
        return Ok(int(s))
    except ValueError as e:
        return Err(e)


def handle_result(res: Result[int, ValueError]) -> str:
    match res:
        case Ok(value):
            return f"Parsed value: {value}"
        case Err(_):
            return f"Error parsing int!"


assert try_parse_int("123").into(handle_result) == "Parsed value: 123"
assert try_parse_int("abc").into(handle_result) == "Error parsing int!"

Documentation

For comprehensive guides and examples:

🔍 Types Overview — Roles, comparisons and visual relationships

📚 Full API Reference — Complete API documentation

Notice on Stability ⚠️

pyochain is currently in early development (< 1.0), and the API may undergo significant changes multiple times before reaching a stable 1.0 release.

Contributing

Want to contribute? Read our contributing guide

Credits

Most of the custom computation algorithms have been inspired by implementations from itertools, cytoolz and more-itertools.