pypitui 1.0.0

A Python TUI library with differential rendering - port of @mariozechner/pi-tui

Terminal UIs that don't flicker. Native scrollback. 60fps.

---

from pypitui import TUI, Text, Input, ProcessTerminal

terminal = ProcessTerminal()
tui = TUI(terminal)

tui.add_child(Text("Hello, World!"))

inp = Input(placeholder="Type here...")
inp.on_submit = lambda v: print(f"You typed: {v}")
tui.add_child(inp)
tui.set_focus(inp)

tui.run()  # 60fps, no flicker, scrollback enabled

Why PyPiTUI?

Library	Rendering	Scrollback	60fps	Size
curses	Full redraw	❌	❌	Built-in
Textual	Full redraw	❌	⚠️	~50MB
Rich (Live)	Full redraw	❌	⚠️	~10MB
PyPiTUI	Differential	✓	✓	~100KB

Only changed lines redraw. No alternate screen buffer—your content flows into normal terminal scrollback.

Install

pip install pypitui
# pip install pypitui[rich]  # Optional: markdown, tables

Requires Python 3.12+.

Quick Start

from pypitui import (
    TUI, Container, Text, Input, SelectList, SelectItem,
    BorderedBox, ProcessTerminal, Key, matches_key
)

class App:
    def __init__(self):
        self.terminal = ProcessTerminal()
        self.tui = TUI(self.terminal)
        self.root = Container()
        self.tui.add_child(self.root)
        self.show_form()

    def show_form(self):
        """Compose a form from multiple components."""
        self.root.children.clear()

        # Container composes children vertically
        self.root.add_child(Text("User Registration"))
        self.root.add_child(Text("─" * 30))

        # Input with validation
        name_input = Input(placeholder="Enter username", max_length=20)
        self.root.add_child(name_input)

        # Another input
        email_input = Input(placeholder="Enter email")
        self.root.add_child(email_input)

        # Bordered box containing a list
        box = BorderedBox(title="Select Role")
        roles = SelectList([
            SelectItem("admin", "Administrator"),
            SelectItem("user", "Standard User"),
        ], max_visible=3)
        box.add_child(roles)
        self.root.add_child(box)

        self.tui.set_focus(name_input)

    def run(self):
        self.running = True
        self.tui.start()
        try:
            while self.running:
                data = self.terminal.read_sequence(timeout=0.05)
                if data and matches_key(data, Key.ctrl("c")):
                    break
                self.tui.handle_input(data)
                self.tui.request_render()
                self.tui.render_frame()
        finally:
            self.tui.stop()

App().run()

Components

• Text — Multi-line text with wrapping
• Input — Text input with cursor, validation
• SelectList — Interactive selection with filtering
• BorderedBox — Panel with borders and title
• Container — Groups components vertically
• OverlayOptions — Floating dialogs and modals

Critical Pattern: Reuse the TUI

Wrong: Creating new TUI instances breaks differential rendering.

# ❌ DON'T
def switch_screen():
    return TUI(terminal)  # Loses state!

Right: Clear containers, not the TUI.

# ✅ DO
class App:
    def __init__(self):
        self.tui = TUI(terminal)  # Create once
        self.root = Container()
        self.tui.add_child(self.root)

    def switch_screen(self):
        self.root.children.clear()  # Clear container
        self.root.add_child(Text("New Screen"))

Component Invalidation

When a component changes (e.g., a completion menu closes), you can invalidate just that component instead of redrawing everything.

Direct approach (with TUI reference):

# Clear only the input field's lines from the cache
tui.invalidate_component(input_field)

Bubble-up approach (no TUI reference needed):

# Component invalidates itself, bubbles up to TUI automatically
input_field.invalidate()

How it works:

1. Component.invalidate() clears local cache and calls _child_invalidated(self)
2. _child_invalidated() bubbles up through parent containers
3. TUI._child_invalidated() receives the call and invokes invalidate_component()
4. TUI.invalidate_component() clears only that component's lines from _previous_lines
5. Next render redraws only the changed lines

Use case: Completion menu

class CompletionAddon:
    def __init__(self, input_field: Input):
        self.input_field = input_field

    def on_menu_close(self):
        # Only the input field (and its completion dropdown) gets cleared
        self.input_field.invalidate()

Rich Integration

Optional Rich support for markdown and tables:

from pypitui.rich_components import Markdown, RichTable, RichText

tui.add_child(Markdown("# Hello\n\n**Bold** text"))

Development

git clone https://github.com/jeremysball/pypitui.git
cd pypitui && uv sync --extra dev

# Install pre-commit hooks (runs ruff, mypy, pytest)
git config core.hooksPath .githooks

uv run python examples/demo.py

API Reference

Import	Purpose
TUI	Main controller
Container, Text, Input, SelectList, BorderedBox	Components
OverlayOptions, OverlayMargin	Overlay positioning
Key, matches_key, parse_key	Keyboard handling
ProcessTerminal, MockTerminal	Terminal I/O

Full docs: LLMS.md

License

MIT — see LICENSE.

---

Inspired by pi-tui