python-fma 1.0.0

Fused multiply-add with 32-bit float support and configurable IEEE 754 rounding modes

python-fma

A Python fused multiply-add (FMA) binding with 32 and 64-bit float support and configurable IEEE 754 rounding modes.

Python 3.13+ provides math.fma, but it operates on float (IEEE 754 double) only and does not expose the rounding direction. This module fills both gaps:

• Accepts ct.c_double (float64) and ct.c_float (float32).
• Lets the caller select the rounding mode per-call.
• Detects and reports IEEE 754 floating-point exceptions (invalid, overflow, underflow, inexact, divide-by-zero).
• Restores the original FP rounding state after each operation.

Note

I write this project with vibe coding, but I carefully read every line in /src/ and /csrc/ folder, and I glanced at test code (and provides some data for rounding test), so the core logic should be ok.

The coverage test rate is high, and all non-platform-dependent code is covered in test.

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Installation

$ pip install python-fma

The package ships a pre-built wheel for Linux, Windows and MacOS, support x86 and ARM architecture.

Requirements

• Python >= 3.10

if you want to build from source:

• C11 compiler
• CMake >= 3.25

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API

fma(x, y, z, round=None, unsuppressed_exception=...)

import ctypes as ct

from python_fma import fma, DivByZeroException, OverflowException

r = fma(ct.c_double(2.0), ct.c_double(3.0), ct.c_double(1.0))
# r.value == 7.0

Parameter	Type	Default	Description
x, y, z	ct.c_double or ct.c_float	–	Operands (must all be the same type)
round	str or None	None	Rounding mode (see below). None leaves the current FP mode unchanged.
unsuppressed_exception	set of exception classes	{DivByZeroException, OverflowException}	Exception types allowed to propagate; all others are silently suppressed.

Rounding mode strings:

Name	Behaviour
"FE_TONEAREST"	Round to nearest, ties to even
"FE_UPWARD"	Round toward +infinity
"FE_DOWNWARD"	Round toward -infinity
"FE_TOWARDZERO"	Truncate toward zero

Returns: ct.c_double or ct.c_float (same type as the inputs).

Raises:

• TypeError — inputs are not all the same type or not a supported type.
• ValueError — unrecognised rounding-mode string.
• FeatureNotCompiledError — the rounding mode or an exception flag was not detected at compile time.
• UnsupportedRoundingModeError — the platform does not support the requested rounding mode at runtime.
• DivByZeroException, OverflowException — by default; other exceptions (InvalidException, UnderflowException, InexactException) are suppressed unless explicitly included in unsuppressed_exception.

exception_compiled(name)

Return whether detection of the floating-point exception name is available in the C build.

from python_fma import exception_compiled, InvalidException

exception_compiled(InvalidException)   # True / False

round_mode_compiled(name)

Return whether the rounding mode name was detected at compile time.

from python_fma import round_mode_compiled

round_mode_compiled("FE_UPWARD")   # True / False

round_mode_supported(name)

Return whether the rounding mode name is supported at runtime.

from python_fma import round_mode_supported

round_mode_supported("FE_TOWARDZERO")   # True / False

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Exception hierarchy

Exception
  └── FloatException
        ├── InvalidException          (FE_INVALID)
        ├── DivByZeroException        (FE_DIVBYZERO)
        ├── OverflowException         (FE_OVERFLOW)
        ├── UnderflowException        (FE_UNDERFLOW)
        ├── InexactException          (FE_INEXACT)
        ├── FeatureNotCompiledError   (query/compile-time support)
        └── UnsupportedRoundingModeError  (also a ValueError)

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Usage examples

Basic FMA

import ctypes as ct
from python_fma import fma

r = fma(ct.c_double(2.0), ct.c_double(3.0), ct.c_double(1.0))
# 2.0 * 3.0 + 1.0 = 7.0

Single-precision FMA

r = fma(ct.c_float(1.5), ct.c_float(2.0), ct.c_float(0.5))
# r.value == 3.5, type(r) is ct.c_float

Explicit rounding mode

r = fma(ct.c_double(1.0), ct.c_double(1.0), ct.c_double(0.1),
        round="FE_UPWARD")

Controlling which exceptions propagate

# Only allow InvalidException to propagate; suppress everything else.
r = fma(ct.c_double(float("inf")), ct.c_double(0.0), ct.c_double(0.0),
        unsuppressed_exception={InvalidException})

Querying compile-time feature support

from python_fma import exception_compiled, round_mode_compiled, InvalidException

if not round_mode_compiled("FE_UPWARD"):
    print("FE_UPWARD not available in this build")
if not exception_compiled(InvalidException):
    print("Invalid exception detection not available in this build")

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Development

Setup

$ python -m venv .venv
$ source .venv/bin/activate
$ pip install -e .

Lint and type-check

$ ruff check src/ tests/
$ ruff format --check src/ tests/
$ npx pyright src/ tests/

Test

$ python -m pytest tests/ -v

Build a wheel

$ pip install build
$ python -m build

CI / Docker build

Manylinux wheels are built via Docker:

$ docker build \
  --build-arg BASE_IMAGE=quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_x86_64 \
  -t builder .
$ docker run --rm -v "$PWD/wheelhouse:/wheelhouse" builder

Windows and macOS wheels are built natively on GitHub Actions runners. See .github/workflows/build.yml for the full CI matrix.

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Project structure

python-fma/
├── csrc/                  # C source (fma_module.c, fma_module.h, CMakeLists.txt)
├── src/
│   └── python_fma/
│       ├── __init__.py    # Public Python API
│       └── _binding.py    # ctypes bindings to the C library
├── badges/                # generated coverage badge
├── tests/                 # pytest test suite
├── pyproject.toml         # Build configuration (scikit-build-core, ruff)
├── README.md              # This file
├── Dockerfile             # manylinux wheel builder
└── .github/workflows/     # CI workflows

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License

MPL