spargear 0.2.0

Declarative and typed argument parsing built on argparse.

⚙️ spargear

A powerful yet simple Python library for declarative command-line argument parsing, built on top of argparse. spargear enables elegant, type-safe definitions of CLI arguments and subcommands with minimal boilerplate.

Why spargear?

• ✅ Declarative: Define your CLI arguments neatly using Python data classes.
• 🚀 Typed and Safe: Leveraging Python typing and dataclasses to ensure type safety and developer productivity.
• 🔧 Flexible: Supports complex argument parsing scenarios, including subcommands and nested configurations.
• 📦 Minimal Dependencies: Pure Python, built directly upon the reliable argparse module.

Installation

Install with pip:

pip install spargear

Quick Start

Define your arguments:

from spargear import ArgumentSpec, BaseArguments


class MyArgs(BaseArguments):
    input_file: ArgumentSpec[str] = ArgumentSpec(["-i", "--input"], required=True, help="Input file path")
    verbose: ArgumentSpec[bool] = ArgumentSpec(["-v", "--verbose"], action="store_true", help="Enable verbose output")

# Parse the command-line arguments
args = MyArgs()

# Access the parsed arguments
input_file: str = args.input_file.unwrap()  # If none, it raises an error
# input_file: str | None = args.input_file.value
verbose: bool = args.verbose.unwrap()  # If none, it raises an error
# verbose: str | bool = args.verbose.value
print(f"Input file: {input_file}")
print(f"Verbose mode: {verbose}")

Run your CLI:

python app.py --input example.txt --verbose

Features

• Automatic inference of argument types
• Nested subcommands with clear definitions
• Typed file handlers via custom protocols
• Suppress arguments seamlessly
• Default factories for dynamic value generation (UUIDs, timestamps, etc.)
• Dataclass conversion for easy integration with other libraries
• JSON/Pickle serialization for configuration management
• Configuration file support with command-line override capabilities

Advanced Usage

Subcommands:

from typing import Optional
from spargear import BaseArguments, SubcommandSpec, ArgumentSpec


class InitArgs(BaseArguments):
    name: ArgumentSpec[str] = ArgumentSpec(["name"], help="Project name")


class CommitArgs(BaseArguments):
    message: ArgumentSpec[str] = ArgumentSpec(["-m"], required=True, help="Commit message")


class GitCLI(BaseArguments):
    init = SubcommandSpec("init", InitArgs, help="Initialize a new repository")
    commit = SubcommandSpec("commit", CommitArgs, help="Commit changes")


# Parse the command line arguments
args = GitCLI()

# Print the parsed arguments
name: Optional[str] = args.init.argument_class.name.value
message: Optional[str] = args.commit.argument_class.message.value
print(f"Name: {name}")
print(f"Message: {message}")

Run your CLI:

python app.py init my_project
python app.py commit -m "Initial commit"

Default Factories

Generate dynamic values at parse time:

import uuid
from datetime import datetime
from spargear import BaseArguments, ArgumentSpec


class AppConfig(BaseArguments):
    # Method 1: Direct callable assignment (auto-detected)
    session_id: str = lambda: str(uuid.uuid4())
    
    # Method 2: Explicit ArgumentSpec with default_factory
    log_file: ArgumentSpec[str] = ArgumentSpec(
        ["--log-file"],
        default_factory=lambda: f"log_{datetime.now().strftime('%Y%m%d_%H%M%S')}.txt",
        help="Log file path"
    )
    
    name: str = "myapp"  # Regular default value


config = AppConfig()
print(f"Session ID: {config.session_id}")  # Unique UUID each time
print(f"Log file: {config.log_file.unwrap()}")  # Timestamp-based filename

Configuration Management

Save and load configurations:

from spargear import BaseArguments
from typing import List


class ServerConfig(BaseArguments):
    host: str = "localhost"
    port: int = 8080
    debug: bool = False
    allowed_hosts: List[str] = ["127.0.0.1", "localhost"]


# Create and configure
config = ServerConfig(["--port", "3000", "--debug"])

# Convert to dataclass
config_dc = config.to_dataclass()
print(f"Dataclass: {config_dc}")

# Save to JSON
config.save_config("server.json")

# Load from JSON with command-line overrides
loaded_config = ServerConfig.load_config("server.json", args=["--port", "9000"])
print(f"Port: {loaded_config.port}")  # 9000 (overridden)
print(f"Debug: {loaded_config.debug}")  # True (from file)

# Update from dictionary
config.update_from_dict({"host": "0.0.0.0", "port": 5000})

API Reference

BaseArguments Methods

Serialization

• to_dict() -> Dict[str, Any] - Convert to dictionary
• to_json(file_path=None, **kwargs) -> str - Serialize to JSON
• to_pickle(file_path) - Serialize to pickle file
• to_dataclass(class_name=None) - Convert to dataclass instance

Deserialization

• from_dict(data, args=None) - Create from dictionary
• from_json(json_data, args=None) - Create from JSON string/file
• from_pickle(file_path, args=None) - Create from pickle file

Configuration Management

• save_config(file_path, format="json") - Save configuration
• load_config(file_path, format=None, args=None) - Load configuration
• update_from_dict(data) - Update current instance

ArgumentSpec Features

Default Factories

ArgumentSpec(
    name_or_flags=["--arg"],
    default_factory=lambda: generate_value(),  # Called at parse time
    help="Description"
)

Compatibility

• Python 3.8+

License

MIT