Tactix — Automated Football Tactical Analysis Engine

Turn broadcast footage into tactical intelligence.
Computer vision pipeline that detects players, tracks movements, classifies teams,
and generates 2D tactical minimaps with rich analytical overlays.

---

Features

Core Vision Pipeline

• Player & Ball Detection — YOLOv8 / YOLO26x detects players, goalkeepers, referees, and the ball in every frame
• Multi-Object Tracking — ByteTrack (via Supervision) assigns persistent IDs across frames with occlusion handling
• Team Classification — K-Means clustering on jersey colors with cross-frame voting (PlayerRegistry); confirms team after 5 frames with ≥70% majority
• Jersey Number OCR — EasyOCR-based detection (0–99) with multi-ROI crops, CLAHE/binary preprocessing, and two-digit recovery heuristic; runs every Nth frame for performance
• Ball Interpolation — Forward-projects ball position during detection gaps (up to 10 frames) via linear extrapolation

Pitch Calibration

Mode	Description
AI Only	Fully automatic — YOLO-Pose detects 27 pitch keypoints
Manual Fixed	Interactive point selection + optical flow fallback
Panorama	Manual initialization + global camera motion tracking (Pan/Tilt/Zoom)

Computes a 3×3 homography matrix to map pixel coordinates to real-world pitch coordinates (105×68m).

Tactical Analysis

Module	Description
Voronoi / Space Control	Which team dominates which area of the pitch
Heatmap	Cumulative movement density per team
Pass Network	Passing lane frequency graph between teammates
Pressure Index	Defensive pressure (opponent count within configurable radius)
Cover Shadow	Blocked passing lanes visualization
Team Compactness	Convex hull of team shape
Team Centroid	Center of mass for each team
Team Width & Length	Spatial dimensions of team shape
Velocity Vectors	Player movement direction and speed

Phase Analysis

Phase	Modules
Attacking	Shot Map, Pass Sonar (8-sector directional), Zone 14 Analysis, Build-up Sequence Tracker
Defense	Duel Heatmap (spatial distribution of 1v1 contests)
Transition	Attack transitions (recovery → shot, ≤15s) and defensive transitions (loss → recovery, ≤30s)
Set Pieces	Corner Kick Analyzer, Free Kick Analyzer (with wall detection and xG estimation)

Formation Detection

Detects team formations (4-3-3, 4-2-3-1, 3-5-2, etc.) via K-Means clustering on player positions; matched against 17+ canonical templates with sliding-window temporal smoothing.

Event Detection

Automatically detects match events in real-time:

• Possession Changes — Ball ownership transfer with confirmation delay
• Passes — Intra-team ball transfers with origin, destination, distance, angle
• Shots — High ball velocity toward goal with outcome classification (goal/saved/blocked/off-target)
• Duels — 1v1 contests between opposing players with winner determination
• Corners — Corner kicks with side, taker, and outcome tracking
• Free Kicks — Defensive wall detection, xG estimation, outcome tracking

Data Export

Format	Output	Description
FIFA EPTS STF	match_metadata.xml + match_tracking.dat	Tracab-compatible tracking data, loadable via kloppy. Center-origin coordinates in centimeters
PDF Report	match_report.pdf	Multi-page post-match tactical report with stats and visualizations
Cache	Pickle file	Optional frame-level tracking cache for re-processing

---

Tech Stack

Component	Technology
Language	Python 3.12+
Object Detection	Ultralytics YOLOv8 / YOLO26x
Tracking	ByteTrack via Supervision
Computer Vision	OpenCV (homography, optical flow, Voronoi, heatmaps)
Team Classification	Scikit-learn K-Means
Jersey OCR	EasyOCR (optional)
PDF Reports	ReportLab + Pillow
GPU	Apple Metal (mps), CUDA, or CPU

---

Getting Started

Installation

# Python 3.12+ required
pip install -r requirements.txt

# Optional: Jersey number detection
pip install easyocr>=1.7.1

Configuration

All settings are in tactix/config.py. Key options:

# Input / Output
INPUT_VIDEO  = "assets/samples/test2.mp4"
OUTPUT_VIDEO = "assets/output/test2_Result.mp4"

# Device (GPU acceleration)
DEVICE = "mps"  # "cuda" or "cpu"

# Calibration
CALIBRATION_MODE = CalibrationMode.PANORAMA  # AI_ONLY | MANUAL_FIXED | PANORAMA
INTERACTIVE_MODE = False                      # True → manual point calibration UI

# Export toggles
EXPORT_STF  = False   # FIFA EPTS Standard Transfer Format
EXPORT_PDF  = False   # PDF tactical report

# FIFA STF metadata (used when EXPORT_STF = True)
STF_MATCH_ID        = "TACTIX-001"
STF_HOME_TEAM_NAME  = "Home"
STF_AWAY_TEAM_NAME  = "Away"

Running

python run.py

Interactive mode (INTERACTIVE_MODE = True):

1. First frame appears — click on visible pitch landmarks (corner flags, penalty box corners, etc.)
2. Enter the corresponding keypoint ID shown in the console
3. Repeat for at least 4 points
4. Press q or Esc to start analysis

Visualization menu appears before processing:

• Toggle overlays (Voronoi, Heatmap, Pass Network, etc.) by entering their number
• Press r to run, q to quit

---

Output

File	Description
assets/output/*_Result.mp4	Annotated video with tactical overlays and minimap

| assets/output/stf/match_metadata.xml | Tracab-compatible metadata (teams, rosters, jersey numbers) | | assets/output/stf/match_tracking.dat | Tracab DAT raw tracking data (per-frame positions & speeds) | | assets/output/match_report.pdf | Multi-page tactical analysis report |

Loading tracking data with kloppy

from kloppy import tracab

dataset = tracab.load(
    meta_data="assets/output/stf/match_metadata.xml",
    raw_data="assets/output/stf/match_tracking.dat",
)
df = dataset.to_df()
print(df.head())

---

Architecture

Pipeline Stages

Frame → Calibration → Detection → Ball Interpolation → Tracking → 
Team Classification → Jersey OCR → Coordinate Mapping → 
Event Detection → Tactical Analysis → Visualization → Export

Data Flow

All data flows through FrameData — one instance per frame, acting as the central data bus between pipeline stages. Side-channel state (PlayerRegistry, BallStateTracker, EventDetector) lives on the engine, not on the per-frame bus.

Project Structure

Tactix/
├── run.py                          # Entry point
├── requirements.txt
├── tactix/
│   ├── config.py                   # Central configuration
│   ├── core/                       # Data types, keypoints, geometry, events, registry
│   ├── engine/                     # TactixEngine — main pipeline loop
│   ├── models/                     # Model interface abstraction
│   ├── vision/
│   │   ├── detector.py             # YOLO detection wrapper
│   │   ├── tracker.py              # ByteTrack tracking wrapper
│   │   ├── transformer.py          # Homography (pixel ↔ meters)
│   │   ├── camera.py               # Optical flow camera stabilization
│   │   └── calibration/            # AI, Manual, Panorama estimators
│   ├── semantics/
│   │   ├── team.py                 # K-Means team classification
│   │   └── jersey_ocr.py           # Jersey number detection
│   ├── analytics/
│   │   ├── base/                   # Heatmap, pass network, pressure index
│   │   ├── attacking/              # Shot map, pass sonar, zone 14, build-up
│   │   ├── defense/                # Duel heatmap
│   │   ├── transition/             # Attack/defense transition tracker
│   │   ├── set_pieces/             # Corner & free kick analyzers
│   │   ├── formation/              # Formation detector
│   │   └── events/                 # Event detector (passes, shots, duels, etc.)
│   ├── visualization/
│   │   ├── minimap.py              # 2D tactical minimap renderer
│   │   └── overlays/               # RGBA overlay renderers for each analysis module
│   ├── export/
│   │   ├── stf_exporter.py         # FIFA EPTS Standard Transfer Format
│   │   ├── pdf_exporter.py         # PDF tactical report
│   │   └── cache.py                # Pickle tracking cache
│   ├── ui/                         # Calibration UI, visualization menu
│   └── utils/                      # Video I/O, pitch generation
├── assets/
│   ├── weights/                    # YOLO model weights
│   ├── samples/                    # Input videos
│   └── output/                     # Generated output
├── datasets/                       # Training datasets
├── training/                       # Model training scripts
└── notebooks/                      # Experimentation

---

License

See LICENSE for details.