thaw-vllm 0.4.0

The fork primitive for LLM inference. Snapshot a running session — weights + KV cache + scheduler state — and hydrate it into N divergent children that skip prefill. For RL rollouts, parallel coding agents, agent branching. Supports vLLM and SGLang.

thaw

The fork primitive for LLM inference.

Snapshot a running AI agent — weights, KV cache, scheduler state, and prefix-hash table — into a single durable file. Restore it. Fork it N times. Each child shares the parent's state at the fork point and diverges from there. git branch for live GPU inference.

pip install thaw-vllm

The receipt — ForkPool, 2026-04-20

Pre-warmed subprocess pool holds the engine once; each fork_completions() call snapshots KV only.

Llama-3.1-8B on H100 80 GB PCIe, 5 rounds × 4 branches × 64 tokens:

Stage	Time
init_pool (one-time — workers boot with real weights)	22.3s
First fork round	1.16s
Median fork round	0.88s

Per-round cost: ~340s cold-boot → sub-second (≈400× amortized). All rounds 4/4 non-empty and divergent. Bit-identical at the fork boundary. The first sub-second fork amortization proof on real hardware.

Reproducer: demos/fork_pool_rl.py · Receipt JSON: site/receipts/2026-04-20_h100_fork_pool_rl.json

What you can build with it

• Agent branching — fork a conversation into N parallel hypotheses mid-reasoning, run them concurrently, pick the winner.
• RL rollouts — collapse num_rollouts × prefill_time to num_rollouts × memcpy_time. Real dollars on $100k+/month training budgets. HuggingFace's 2026 async-RL survey: "no current async library supports [KV pivot resampling] out of the box." This ships it.
• Parallel coding agents — turn "8 agents exploring 8 solutions" from an expensive re-prefill tax into a fast primitive.
• Session migration — move a live inference session between GPUs, pods, or data centers without losing state.

Who this is for

RL post-training teams. PPO, DPO, tree-GRPO, and best-of-N loops that fork rollouts from a shared trunk pay for prefill on every branch. The receipt above takes a round from ~340s cold-boot to 0.88s warm-pool. A step with 16 rollouts: ~90 minutes → ~15 seconds. Multiply by steps × epochs. HuggingFace's 2026 async-RL survey documented the gap: "no current async library supports [KV pivot resampling] out of the box."

Coding-agent teams. Parallel-exploration products — Cursor-style N approaches, SWE-bench agents, test-driven coding loops — pay a prefill tax on every branch. ForkPool turns "explore 8 approaches" from 8× full prefill into an 8-branch fork against one warm KV state. More hypotheses per user request at the same GPU spend.

Platform + framework teams. thaw.fork(llm) returns a portable, serializable handle you can ship across processes and pods. Session migration, multi-model hot-swap, session replay — without rewriting your inference layer. Drop-in for LangGraph nodes, Modal functions, Ray workers.

Not for you yet. Single-prompt serving — one request, one response, no shared trunk, no repeated forking — vLLM / SGLang alone are fine. thaw earns its keep when you fork ≥2 children from shared state or hot-swap between sessions.

Works with vLLM and SGLang. Open source (Apache-2.0).

_{▶ 75-second demo — Hot-swap LLMs in 0.29s · How it works (4m) · Fork a running agent (2m 20s)}

Inside a single fork

ForkPool amortizes setup cost across repeated forks. A single one-shot fork — full state restore from cold, end-to-end — looks like this:

Clone a running AI session (Llama-3-8B-Instruct, H100 SXM):

Operation	Time	Notes
KV cache restore	0.135s	65 blocks, 136 MB — prefill eliminated
Weight restore (warm-cache, post-freeze)	1.1s	14.79 GB/s
Total restore (incl. vLLM init)	7.3s	vs 16s normal cold start
Fork 3 parallel completions	1.6s avg	All share the 872-token cached prefix

Every other "fast model loading" tool restores weights only. thaw restores the full state of a live inference session — weights + KV blocks + prefix-hash table + scheduler state — and that's what makes fork work.

The 14.79 GB/s weight restore is warm-cache (the freeze that ran 5s earlier left the 16 GB file in Linux's page cache). Cold-cache NVMe hits 14.12 GB/s (next table), so the agent-fork flow lands in the same range either way.

Watch the 2m20s agent-fork demo: Fork a running LLM agent. Bit-identical output verified against the parent's next-token distribution.

Speed benchmarks (why fork is viable)

Fork a live inference session only makes sense if restore is fast enough to be a primitive, not a pause. Here's where thaw lands:

Llama-3-70B-Instruct (141 GB fp16) on 2x A100 SXM 80GB — tensor parallel cold start:

Method	Time	Speedup
Normal vLLM cold start	546.5s	1x
thaw restore (TP=2)	31.8s	17.2x
Weight restore only	10.5s	6.74 GB/s per rank

Llama-3-8B-Instruct (16 GB fp16) — single GPU, H100 SXM:

Method	Time	Throughput	Speedup
Normal vLLM cold start	24.8s	—	1x
thaw restore (cold-cache NVMe)	2.6s	14.12 GB/s	9.7x
thaw restore (warm-cache)	2.5s	13.99 GB/s	9.9x
thaw freeze (end-to-end, v0.2.1)	1.7s	9.57 GB/s	2.4x over v0.1.2
Freeze (pure Rust, 16 GiB synthetic)	0.82s	19.62 GB/s	—

Hot model swap (thaw serve, H100 SXM, Llama-3-8B-Instruct, 16 GB fp16):

Reload #	Time	Throughput	Backend
0 (cold, one-time pin)	6.40s	—	rust_pipelined_pinned_mmap
1	0.29s	55.0 GB/s	rust_pipelined_pinned_mmap
2	0.29s	55.1 GB/s	rust_pipelined_pinned_mmap
3	0.29s	55.1 GB/s	rust_pipelined_pinned_mmap
4	0.29s	55.1 GB/s	rust_pipelined_pinned_mmap

thaw serve pins the snapshot mmap once when a pool slot warms up (~6s for 16 GB — the one-time cudaHostRegister cost), then reuses that pinned buffer on every subsequent swap. Steady-state = pure PCIe Gen5 DMA at 86% of theoretical peak. Extrapolates to ~2.5s hot-swap for Llama-70B (140 GB). Bench: bench_slot_warm.py, correctness: bench_slot_warm_correctness.py.

Cold-cache measurement verified with vmtouch -e (0% resident pages before restore, checked via mincore). fio parallel read on the same file confirms the NVMe ceiling. See docs/BENCHMARKS.md for methodology.

Freeze runs on the same pipelined path as restore (v0.2.1, 2026-04-17). Double-buffered WC-pinned memory, two CUDA streams, O_DIRECT writes. End-to-end 9.57 GB/s on H100 SXM; pure-Rust pipeline on synthetic 16 GiB buffer hits 19.62 GB/s (78% of PCIe Gen5 line rate).

A pre-staged RAM path (mmap + cudaHostRegister) is implemented but gated off by default (THAW_ZEROCOPY_MMAP=1). cudaHostRegister is O(pages) — pinning a 16 GB mmap costs ~7s, which dominates one-shot restore. The path exists for thaw serve, where registration is amortized.

All paths produce bit-identical inference output. KV cache restore preserves prefix cache across cold starts — new requests skip prefill entirely.

More GPUs and models

GPU	Model	Normal	thaw	Speedup
2x A100 SXM 80GB	Llama-3-70B (TP=2)	546.5s	31.8s	17.2x
H100 SXM 80GB	Llama-3-8B	24.8s	2.6s	9.7x
RTX PRO 6000 (Blackwell)	Llama-3-8B	28.6s	3.2s	8.9x
RTX A6000	Llama-3-8B	73.2s	5.8s	12.6x

Larger models show bigger speedups because weight loading dominates more of the total cold start time.

How it works

Fork is a composition of four primitives: freeze weights, freeze KV cache, freeze scheduler state, restore all three into a fresh process. None of that was possible at GPU speeds before thaw.

A running vLLM engine:
  [weights 16 GB] + [KV cache N blocks] + [scheduler state + prefix-hash table]
                             │
                             ▼ thaw.freeze_model + thaw.freeze_kv_cache
                             │
                    one durable artifact on disk (or S3)
                             │
          ┌──────────────────┼──────────────────┐
          ▼                  ▼                  ▼
    child process 1    child process 2    child process N
    [same weights]     [same weights]     [same weights]
    [same KV state]    [same KV state]    [same KV state]
    diverges here →    diverges here →    diverges here →

Freeze captures the full engine state into two binary files: .thaw (weights) and .thawkv (KV blocks + prefix-hash table + scheduler metadata).

Restore initializes a fresh vLLM engine with dummy weights (fast — no disk I/O), overwrites them from the snapshot via double-buffered pipelined DMA through pinned host memory, then rebuilds the prefix-cache block table from the .thawkv sidecar. Two CUDA streams overlap PCIe transfers with disk reads. New requests matching the restored prefix skip prefill entirely.

Three restore modes:

• Disk: reads snapshot from NVMe with O_DIRECT, bypassing the kernel page cache. Throughput limited by NVMe bandwidth — on H100 SXM NVMe this hits 14 GB/s with the Rust pipelined path, saturating the drive.
• Pre-staged RAM: snapshot already in memory (tmpfs, shared memory, or mmapped with page cache warm). The full zero-copy path (mmap + cudaHostRegister) is implemented behind THAW_ZEROCOPY_MMAP=1, but the one-time registration cost makes it a win only when amortized across many restores.
• Slot-warm hot-swap (thaw serve): when a pool slot warms up, thaw serve pins the snapshot mmap once (~6s cudaHostRegister for 16 GB) and persists the pinned handle on the slot. Every subsequent model swap into that slot reuses the pinned buffer and runs as pure PCIe DMA — 0.29s at 55 GB/s for an 8B model on H100 SXM.

KV cache snapshots are the hard part. vLLM's prefix-cache hash table maps token-hash → block-id, and the scheduler assumes those block assignments are live. thaw serializes the block contents, the hash table, and the scheduler's view of which blocks are cached. On restore, the block data is DMA'd back to GPU and the hash table is rebuilt — so a request whose prefix was cached in the parent immediately hits cache in the child. Nobody else does this.

Architecture

thaw/
  crates/
    thaw-core/       Rust. File format, region tables, I/O. No CUDA dep.
    thaw-cuda-sys/   Rust. FFI bindings to CUDA runtime (cudaMallocHost,
                     cudaMemcpyAsync, streams). Built via build.rs.
    thaw-runtime/    Rust. Orchestration: freeze/restore pipelines, double-
                     buffered DMA, O_DIRECT, thread-local WC-buffer cache,
                     unified zero-copy/staging restore. MockCuda for Mac.
    thaw-py/         Rust. PyO3 bindings exposing pipelined freeze/restore
                     to Python. Builds a native .so via maturin.
    thaw-cli/        Rust. thaw-bench-freeze binary + internal tooling.
  python/
    thaw_common/     Engine-agnostic freeze/restore primitives (shared).
    thaw_vllm/       vLLM integration + engine pool + OpenAI server.
      snapshot.py    vLLM TP freeze/restore via collective_rpc.
      kv_snapshot.py KV cache freeze/restore (pipelined path, .meta sidecar).
      loader.py      vLLM ModelLoader: load_format="thaw".
      pool.py        Engine pool: pre-warmed slots, model hot-swap.
      server.py      OpenAI-compatible API server.
      cli.py         CLI: thaw freeze, thaw serve, thaw info.
    thaw_sglang/     SGLang integration (class-passthrough loader).
    vllm_demo.py     End-to-end benchmark: normal vs thaw cold start.
    kv_cache_demo.py KV cache snapshot/restore demo with correctness test.
  demos/
    agent_fork.py    Agent fork demo: clone session, fork parallel completions.

Testing on Mac, shipping on GPU. The CudaBackend trait abstracts all GPU operations. MockCuda (a HashMap-backed fake) lets 48 runtime tests run on any machine. The cuda feature flag activates real GPU paths only when needed.

Quick start

pip install thaw-vllm[all]

This installs the Python package, FastAPI server, and pre-built Rust+CUDA native extension. No Rust toolchain needed.

Fork a running AI agent

The core capability, in one call:

import thaw_vllm
from vllm import LLM, SamplingParams

# Load and run an agent until you hit a pivot point
llm = LLM(model="meta-llama/Meta-Llama-3-8B-Instruct",
          enable_prefix_caching=True)
llm.generate([reasoning_trunk], SamplingParams(max_tokens=200))

# Fan out from that pivot — 8 parallel approaches in subprocess workers,
# each hydrates from one shared snapshot, zero reprefill of the trunk.
results = thaw_vllm.fork_completions(
    llm,
    prompts=[trunk + hint for hint in branch_hints],
    sampling_params=SamplingParams(temperature=0.9, max_tokens=512),
    workers=4,
)
for r in results:
    print(r.worker_index, r.text[:200])

Prefer the primitive when you want to persist, move, or hand off the handle yourself:

with thaw_vllm.fork(llm, include_weights=True) as handle:
    handle.save("s3://my-bucket/session-abc123/")       # ship it anywhere
    stats = handle.hydrate(other_llm)                    # or restore in-place

For RL training loops — boot the engine pool once, fork repeatedly at sub-second cost:

from thaw_vllm import ForkPool

pool = ForkPool()
pool.init_pool(                      # one-time, ~22s on H100 8B
    model="meta-llama/Meta-Llama-3.1-8B-Instruct",
    workers=4,
    preload_weights=True,            # workers hold real weights; fork swaps only KV
)

for epoch in range(num_epochs):
    # Each call reuses the warm pool — ~0.88s median per round on H100 8B
    results = thaw_vllm.fork_completions(llm, prompts, sampling_params, pool=pool)
    rewards = score(results)
    ...                              # PPO / best-of-N / tree-GRPO step

LangGraph: change one import, fork happens under the hood

Agent frameworks erase the "N branches share a system prompt" signal — by the time Send() fans out, each branch looks independent. thaw_vllm.langgraph.ChatThaw reconstructs it: concurrent calls within a short window are coalesced, and groups sharing a ≥500-token prefix route through ForkPool.fork_completions automatically.

# Drop-in LangChain chat model. Install with: pip install thaw-vllm[langgraph]
from thaw_vllm.langgraph import ChatThaw

llm = ChatThaw(model="meta-llama/Llama-3.1-8B-Instruct", workers=4)

# Build a StateGraph with a Send() fan-out as you normally would.
# When N specialists hit the model simultaneously with a shared prefix,
# they get coalesced into one fork call — not N independent prefills.

Working demos ship in the repo:

• demos/pr_review_langgraph.py — 4-specialist PR review (security / performance / style / correctness) against a shared diff + codebase context. --mode thaw routes the fan-out through ForkPool; --mode baseline runs the same graph against a stock single-call path for side-by-side timing.
• demos/rl_rollout_simulator.py — Tree-GRPO-style pivot resampling. Builds a reasoning trunk, forks 16 rollouts, scores each. The table it prints is the arithmetic HuggingFace's async-RL survey said no library ships: num_rollouts × prefill → num_rollouts × memcpy.
• demos/parallel_agents.py — 8 parallel coding approaches from one reasoning trunk, ranked by pytest pass rate. The Cursor/Cognition reframe.
• demos/agent_fork.py — the original end-to-end session-clone demo used in the launch video.

Server mode (OpenAI-compatible)

Freeze a model, then serve it:

# Llama models are gated — authenticate with HuggingFace first
huggingface-cli login

# Step 1: Freeze model weights to a snapshot
thaw freeze --model meta-llama/Llama-3.1-8B-Instruct --output weights.thaw

# Step 2: Serve with pre-warmed engine pool
thaw serve --model meta-llama/Llama-3.1-8B-Instruct --snapshot weights.thaw

That's it. You now have an OpenAI-compatible API at http://localhost:8000/v1:

curl http://localhost:8000/v1/chat/completions \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{"model": "meta-llama/Llama-3.1-8B-Instruct",
       "messages": [{"role": "user", "content": "Hello!"}],
       "max_tokens": 64}'

How thaw serve works

thaw serve is PgBouncer for GPU inference. It keeps vLLM engines pre-initialized with dummy weights, then DMA-swaps real model weights from a snapshot on demand. First swap into a slot pays the one-time cudaHostRegister pin cost (~6s for 16 GB); every subsequent swap runs at 55 GB/s (0.29s for 8B, ~2.5s for 70B) — that's the pinned mmap reused through PCIe Gen5 DMA without ever leaving the slot.

• OpenAI-compatible API — /v1/completions, /v1/chat/completions, streaming via SSE
• Model affinity — requests for an already-loaded model have zero swap cost
• Hot model registration — register new snapshots at runtime via /admin/snapshots
• Pool status — monitor slots, loaded models, and utilization via /admin/pool

# Multi-model pool with 2 warm slots
thaw serve --model meta-llama/Llama-3.1-8B-Instruct \
  --snapshot base.thaw \
  --pool-size 2 \
  --register finetune-v2=/snapshots/v2.thaw

# The model field in each request selects which snapshot to serve
curl localhost:8000/v1/completions -d '{"model": "finetune-v2", "prompt": "..."}'

Python API

import thaw_vllm
from vllm import LLM, SamplingParams

# Freeze: save model weights to a snapshot
llm = LLM(model="meta-llama/Meta-Llama-3-8B", dtype="float16", enforce_eager=True)
thaw_vllm.freeze_model_pipelined(model, "/path/to/weights.thaw")

# Restore: two lines, 9.2x faster cold start
llm = thaw_vllm.load("meta-llama/Meta-Llama-3-8B", "/path/to/weights.thaw")

Or use load_format="thaw" directly with vLLM:

import thaw_vllm  # registers the loader
llm = LLM(model="meta-llama/Meta-Llama-3-8B",
          load_format="thaw",
          model_loader_extra_config={"snapshot": "/path/to/weights.thaw"})

Multi-GPU — tensor parallel with per-rank snapshots:

# Freeze: each GPU saves its shard
llm = LLM(model="meta-llama/Meta-Llama-3-70B-Instruct", tensor_parallel_size=2, ...)
thaw_vllm.freeze_model_tp(llm, "/path/to/weights.thaw")
# Creates: weights.thaw (rank 0), weights.rank1.thaw (rank 1)

# Restore: 17.2x faster than normal cold start
llm = thaw_vllm.load("meta-llama/Meta-Llama-3-70B-Instruct", "/path/to/weights.thaw",
                      tensor_parallel_size=2)

Cloud storage (S3) — load snapshots directly from S3 URIs (install with pip install thaw-vllm[cloud]):

# Freeze once, upload to S3, restore anywhere
llm = thaw_vllm.load("meta-llama/Meta-Llama-3-8B",
                     "s3://my-bucket/llama-3-8b.thaw")

First call downloads to ~/.cache/thaw/snapshots/ (override with THAW_CACHE_DIR); subsequent calls hit the local cache. For TP, per-rank files live at s3://bucket/weights.thaw and s3://bucket/weights.rank1.thaw — thaw derives the per-rank URIs automatically. AWS credentials come from the standard boto3 chain (env vars, ~/.aws/credentials, IAM role).

SGLang — same API, class-passthrough loader (install with pip install thaw-vllm[sglang]):

import sglang
from thaw_sglang import ThawSGLangModelLoader

engine = sglang.Engine(
    model_path="meta-llama/Meta-Llama-3-8B",
    load_format=ThawSGLangModelLoader,
    model_loader_extra_config={"snapshot": "/path/to/weights.thaw"},
    dtype="float16",
)

TP works automatically — each SGLang worker loads its own rank-specific snapshot. Freeze via thaw freeze --engine sglang ... or ThawSGLangFreezeLoader. Note: vLLM and SGLang cannot coexist in one env (torch version conflict) — use separate pods.

Agent fork demo — clone a running AI session, fork parallel completions:

python demos/agent_fork.py --snapshot weights.thaw
python demos/agent_fork.py --snapshot weights.thaw --full-cycle  # destroy + restore

CLI reference

thaw freeze --model meta-llama/Meta-Llama-3-8B --output weights.thaw
thaw serve  --model meta-llama/Meta-Llama-3-8B --snapshot weights.thaw [--pool-size N] [--register NAME=PATH]
thaw info   weights.thaw

Troubleshooting

hf-xet download crash — Some versions of huggingface_hub ship with an hf-xet backend that can crash during large model downloads. If you see RuntimeError: Data processing error: File reconstruction error, set:

export HF_HUB_DISABLE_XET=1

Disk space — pip install thaw-vllm[all] plus a 8B model snapshot needs ~50 GB. Use at least 100 GB container disk on cloud providers.

Gated models — Llama models require HuggingFace authentication. Run huggingface-cli login before freeze/serve.

Building from source (alternative to pre-built wheels)

If you need to build the Rust+CUDA backend yourself (e.g., custom CUDA version):

git clone https://github.com/thaw-ai/thaw.git && cd thaw
curl --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 -sSf https://sh.rustup.rs | sh -s -- -y
source "$HOME/.cargo/env"
pip install "maturin[patchelf]" vllm
maturin build --release --features cuda -m crates/thaw-py/Cargo.toml -o /tmp/wheels
pip install /tmp/wheels/*.whl
pip install -e ".[serve]"

Competitive landscape

Lots of work in adjacent spaces. None of them fork a live session at the GPU-state layer.

Capability	thaw	fastsafetensors	NVIDIA Model Streamer	vLLM Sleep Mode	Modal Snapshots	LMCache / Dynamo KV	InferX
Weight snapshot + fast restore	✅ (14 GB/s NVMe, 55 GB/s slot-warm)	✅ (26 GB/s w/ GDS+RAID)	✅ (~2 GB/s)	✅ (RAM only)	✅ (alpha)	—	claimed (no public code)
KV cache snapshot + prefix-hash restore	✅	—	—	RAM only, same process	—	partial (block-level, not engine)	claimed
Fork a running session into N divergent children	✅	—	—	—	—	—	—
Cross-process / cross-pod restore	✅	✅ (reload)	✅ (reload)	— (same process)	✅	partial	claimed
Works on commodity hardware (no GDS / RAID)	✅	—	✅	✅	✅	✅	—
Open source, pip-installable	✅ (Apache-2.0)	✅ (Apache)	✅	✅	—	✅	—

What thaw uniquely owns:

1. Fork as a primitive. Nobody else snapshots the combined weights + KV cache + prefix-hash table + scheduler state of a live inference engine and restores it into a fresh process. This is what makes agent branching, RL rollout deduplication, and session migration actually work. Everything below exists to make this primitive fast enough to be useful.
2. KV cache snapshot with prefix-hash reconstruction. The moat under the moat. LMCache / Dynamo tier KV blocks for their own cache; they don't let you transport a cache between engines. thaw does.
3. Saturates commodity hardware. 14 GB/s on a single NVMe (no GDS, no RAID) and 55 GB/s slot-warm (no special drivers). The speed is table stakes for the fork primitive to be viable — but it's still faster than fastsafetensors' GDS+RAID ceiling on the setups most people actually have.
4. Works with vLLM and SGLang. Two engines, one .thaw file. load_format="thaw" for vLLM, class-passthrough loader for SGLang.

How thaw is not LMCache / Tensormesh. LMCache (and Tensormesh, which commercializes it) is a server-side cache-tiering proxy that sits in front of your engine, watches incoming requests, and serves prefix cache hits from GPU/RAM/NVMe tiers. It's passive: requests come in, matches happen or don't. thaw is an imperative primitive your code calls at a specific pivot — fork(llm) → handle returns an atomic, portable reference to that session (weights + KV + scheduler state + prefix-hash table) that any other process can hydrate. LMCache can't give you a handle you hand to an RL worker; it's not the API shape. HuggingFace's 2026 async-RL survey documented this gap explicitly: "no current async library supports [KV pivot resampling] out of the box." Different product, different buyer — their raise is validation, not overlap.

Roadmap

• Weight snapshot/restore (pure Python path)
• Rust+CUDA pipelined freeze/restore (double-buffered DMA, O_DIRECT)
• RAM-backed restore path (mmap + chunked pinned staging; zero-copy mmap variant gated behind THAW_ZEROCOPY_MMAP for thaw serve)
• PyO3 bindings + vLLM integration shim
• H100 / A6000 / Blackwell benchmarks
• KV cache snapshot/restore — the moat (freeze/restore prefix-cached blocks, verified on Llama-3-8B)
• pip install thaw-vllm + CLI (thaw freeze, thaw serve, thaw info)
• load_format="thaw" — native vLLM ModelLoader integration
• OpenAI-compatible API server (thaw serve)
• Streaming support in API server (SSE, OpenAI-compatible)
• Agent fork demo — clone a running AI session, fork parallel completions from shared KV cache (full-cycle: 14.79 GB/s restore, 0.135s KV restore on H100 SXM)
• Multi-GPU / tensor parallel — 17.2x speedup on Llama-3-70B with 2x A100 (TP=2), bit-exact correctness verified
• Engine pool (thaw serve) — pre-warmed vLLM engines with hot model swapping, OpenAI-compatible API, multi-model serving
• Pre-built native wheels — pip install thaw-vllm[all], no Rust toolchain needed
• SGLang integration — class-passthrough loader, freeze + restore, validated on H100 TP=2 (5.0 GB/s)
• Slot-warm hot-swap — persistent cudaHostRegister per pool slot, 0.29s / 55 GB/s model swap on H100 SXM (thaw serve)
• Cloud snapshot storage (S3) — thaw freeze --output s3://... and thaw serve --snapshot s3://..., validated H100 SXM 2026-04-17 (15 GiB freeze+upload in 5.6s, 229s single-stream S3 download — ranged-GET crate is next)
• Pipelined-freeze parity with restore — freeze_pipelined_to_file with chunked WC-pinned buffers + O_DIRECT lands in v0.2.1 (2026-04-17). End-to-end 9.57 GB/s on H100 SXM (vs 3.82 GB/s in v0.1.2); pure-Rust 19.62 GB/s on synthetic buffer.
• ForkPool (v0.3.2, 2026-04-20) — pre-warmed subprocess pool: boot N vLLM engines once with real weights, each fork_completions() call snapshots KV only. 22.3s init → 0.88s median/round on H100 8B (4 branches × 64 tokens). First sub-second fork amortization on real hardware.
• Plain-pinned freeze fix (thaw-native v0.3.1, 2026-04-20) — v0.3.0 wheel capped freeze at 50 MB/s because CPU reads of WC-pinned memory are ~100× slower than plain pinned. Fresh pip install now pulls the fast path by default.
• LangGraph integration (v0.4.0, 2026-04-21) — thaw_vllm.langgraph.ChatThaw wraps ForkPool as a LangChain BaseChatModel. Async coalescer detects shared-prefix fan-outs from Send() and routes them through fork_completions automatically. pip install thaw-vllm[langgraph].
• Framework-layer RL helpers — TRL / accelerate wrappers around fork_completions() for tree-GRPO / best-of-N
• Rust thaw-cloud crate — concurrent ranged GETs for S3 restore at NIC line-rate (restore gap, deprioritized behind fork-layer distribution)
• GPUDirect Storage support

Design

Full technical architecture, file format spec, and rationale: DESIGN.md

Get in touch

thaw is built by a Madison, WI team — Nils Matteson (founder), Matt Yu, Karan Kapur.

• Evaluating for a real workload? Email [e-mail] — include your rollout shape or fork pattern and we'll help you wire it up.
• Training RL models or running parallel agents at scale? DM on LinkedIn: Nils Matteson — happy to screen-share and profile your loop.
• Bug, feature request, or question? GitHub issues.

⭐ Star on GitHub if you're watching this space.

License

Apache License 2.0 — see LICENSE.