Dictionary Utilities
Project description
ut_dic
Overview
Utilities to manage Dictionaries
Installation
Package ut_dic can be installed from PyPI.
To install with pip:
$ python -m pip install ut_dic
Package logging
(c.f.: Appendix: Package Logging)
Package files
Classification
The Package ka_uts_uts consist of the following file types (c.f.: Appendix: Python Glossary):
Special files:
py.typed
Special modules:
__init__.py
__version__.py
Modules
Modules for Management of Dictionary
dic.py
Modules for Management of Dictionary of arrays
doaod.py
doa.py
Modules for Management of Dictionary of callables
doc.py
Modules for Management of Dictionary of dataframes
dopddf.py
dopldf.py
Modules for Management of Dictionary of dictionaries
dodoa.py
dodoa.py
dodod.py
dodows.py
dod.py
Modules for Management of Dictionary of objects
doo.py
Modules for Management of Dictionary
Dictionary-Modules Name
Description
dic.py
Management of Dictionary
Module: dic
Classes of Module: dic
The Module dic.py contains the followinga static classes:
Name
Description
Dic
Management of Dictionary
Class: Dic of Module: dic
The static Class Dic is used to manage Dictionaries; The Methods of Class Dic could be classified into the following method types:
Miscellenous Methods
Set Methods
Get / Show Methods
Split Methods
Yield Methods
Miscellenous Methods of Class: Dic
Dic: Miscellenous Methods Name
Description
add_counter_to_values
Apply the function “add_counter_with key” to the last key of the key list and the Dictionary localized by that key.
add_counter_to_value
Initialize the unintialized counter with 1 and add it to the Dictionary value of the key.
append_to_values
Apply the function “append with key” to the last key of the key list amd the Dictionary localized by that key.
append_to_value
Initialize the unintialized counter with 1 and add it to the Dictionary value of the key.
change_keys_by_keyfilter
Change the keys of the Dictionary by the values of the keyfilter Dictionary with the same keys.
copy
Copy the value for keys from source to target dictionary.
extend_values
Appply the function “extend_by_key” to the last key of the key list and the dictionary localized by that key.
extend_value
Add the item with the key as element to the dictionary if the key is undefined in the dictionary. Extend the element value with the value if both supports the extend function.
increment_values
Appply the function “increment_by_key” to the last key of the key list and the Dictionary localized by that key.
increment_value
Increment the value of the key if it is defined in the Dictionary, otherwise assign the item to the key
is_not
Return False if the key is defined in the Dictionary and the key value if not empty, othewise returm True.
locate
Return the value of the key reached by looping thru the nested Dictionary with the keys from the key list until the value is None or the last key is reached.
locate_last_value
Apply the locate function for the key list which contains all items except the last one.
lstrip_keys
Remove the first string found in the Dictionary keys.
merge
Merge two Dictionaries.
new
create a new dictionary from keys and values.
normalize_value
Replace every Dictionary value by the first list element of the value if it is a list with only one element.
nvl
Return the Dictionary if it is not None otherwise return the empty Dictionary “{}”.
rename_key_using_kwargs
Rename old Dictionary key with new one get from kwargs.
replace_string_in_keys
Replace old string contained in keys with new one.
rename_key
Rename old Dictionary key with new one.
round_values
Round values selected by keys,
to_aod
Convert dictionary to array of dictionaries.
Get/Show Methods of class: Dic
Dic: Get/Show Methods Name
Description
get
Type-dependent extended flattening of array elements
get_yn_value
Type-dependent extended flattening of array elements
sh_dic
Type-dependent extended flattening of array elements
sh_d_filter
Type-dependent extended flattening of array elements
sh_d_index_d_values
Type-dependent extended flattening of array elements
sh_d_vals_d_cols
Type-dependent extended flattening of array elements
sh_prefixed
Type-dependent extended flattening of array elements
sh_keys
Type-dependent extended flattening of array elements
show_sorted_keys
Type-dependent extended flattening of array elements
sh_value
Show value of dictionary element selected by keys
sh_values
Convert the dictionary into an array by using a key filter. The array elements are the values of all dictionary elements where the key is the given single key or where the key is contained in the key list.
sh_value2keys
Convert the dictionary to a new dictionary by using the values as new keys and all keys mapped to the same value as new value.
Set Methods of class: Dic
Set Methods of class Dic Name
Description
set_kv_not_none
Set the given Dictionary key to the given value if both are not None.
set_by_keys
Locate the values in a nested dictionary for the suceeding keys of a key array and replace the last value with the given value
set_by_key_pair
Replace value of source key by value of target key.
set_if_none
Locate the values in a nested dictionary for the suceeding keys of a key array and assign the given value to the last key if that key does not exist in the dictionary.
set_by_div
Replace the source key value by the division of the values of two target keys if the they are of type float and the divisor is not 0 otherwise assign None.
set_first_tgt_with_src_using_d_src2tgt
Replace value of first dictionary target key found in the source to target dictionary by the source value found in the dictionary.
set_first_tgt_with_src_using_d_tgt2src
Replace value of first dictionary target key found in the target to source dictionary by the source value found in the dictionary.
set_format_value
Replace the dictionary values by the formatted values using the format string.
set_multiply_with_factor
Replace the dictionary values by the original value multiplied with the factor.
set_tgt_with_src
Replace source dictionary values by target dictionary values.
set_tgt_with_src_using_doaod_tgt2src
Loop through the target to source dictionaries of the values of the dictionary of the arrays of target to source dictionaries until the return value of the function “set_nonempty_tgt_with_src_using_d_tgt2src” is defined.
set_nonempty_tgt_with_src_using_d_tgt2src
Exceute the function “set_tgt_with_src_using_d_tgt2src” if all dictionary values for the keys provided by the values of the target to source dictionary are defined.
set_first_tgt_with_src_using_d_tgt2src
Replace value of first dictionary target key found in the target to source dictionary by the source value found in the dictionary if
set_tgt_with_src_using_d_src2tgt
set_tgt_with_src_using_d_tgt2src
Dic: Split Methods
Dic Split Methods Name
Description
split_by_value_endwith
Split the dictionary into a tuple of dictionaries using the the condition “the element value ends with the given value”. The first tuple element is the dictionary of all dictionary elements whose value ends with the given value; the second one is the dictionary of the other elements.
split_by_value
Split the dictionary into a tuple of dictionaries using the given value. The first tuple element is the dictionary of all elements whose value is equal to the given value; the second one is the dictionary of the other elements.
split_by_value_is_int
Split the dictionary into a tuple of dictionaries using the condition “the element value is of type integer”. The first tuple element is the dictionary of all elements whose value is of type integer; the second one is the dictionary of the other elements.
Dic: Yield Methods
Dic: Yield Methods Name
Description
yield_values_with_keyfilter
Yield the values of all elements which are selected by the given key filter.
Modules for Management of Dictionary of Dictionaries
Modules for Management of Dictionary of Dictionaries Name
Description
dod.py
Management of Dictionary of Dictionaries.
d2v.py
Management of 2-dimensional Dictionary of Dictionaries. A 2 dimensional Dictionary of Dictionaries contains dictionaries of Dictionaries as values.
d3v.py
Management of 3-dimensional Dictionary of Dictionaries. A 3 dimensional Dictionary of Dictionaries contains Dictionaries of Dictionaries of Dictionaries as values.
Modules for Management of Dictionary of Arrays
Modules for Dictionaries of Arrays Name
Description
doaod.py
Management of Dictionary of Arrays of Dictionaries.
doa.py
Management of Dictionary of Arrays.
Module: doaod.py
doaod.py Classes
The Module doaod.py contains the static class DoAoD:
Class: DoAoD
The static Class DoAoD is used to manage Dictionary of Arrays of Dictionaries; it contains the subsequent methods.
DoAoD Methods
DoAoD Methods Name
Description
dic_value_is_empty
Check if all keys of the given Dictionary of Arrays of Dictionaries are found in any Dictionary of the Array of Dictionaries and the value for the key is not empty.
sh_aod_unique
Convert Dictionary of Array of Dictionaries to unique Array of Dictionaries.
sh_aod
Convert Dictionary of Array of Dictionaries to Array of Dictionaries.
sh_unique
Convert Dictionary of Array of Dictionaries to Dictionaries of unique Array of Dictionaries.
union_by_keys
Convert filtered Dictionary of Arrays of Dictionaries by keys to an Array of distinct Dictionaries
union
Convert Dictionary of Arrays of Dictionaries to an Array of distinct Dictionaries
Module: doa.py
doa.py Classes
The Module doa.py contains the static classes DoA:
Class: DoA
The static Class DoA is used to manage Arrays used for the flattening of dictionaries; it contains the subsequent methods.
DoA: Methods
DoA Methods Name
Description
apply
append
append_by_key
append_unique
extend
set
sh_d_pddf
sh_union
****************************************+++++++***** Modules for the Management of Dictionary of Dictionaries ****************************************+++++++*****
Modules for the Management of Dictionary of Dictionaries Name
Description
dodoa.py
Management of Dictionary of Dictionaries of Arrays.
dodod.py
Management of Dictionary of Dictionaries of Dictionaries.
dod.py
Management of Dictionary of Dictionaries.
Module: doc.py
The Module fnc.py contains the static class Fnc with I/O Control methods for log files;
doc.py Class Fnc
The static Class Fnc contains the subsequent methods
Fnc: Methods
Fnc Methods Name
Type
Description
ex
class
Show and execute the function as the value of of the function-dictionary for the given key.
identity
static
Identity function for any objects
sh
static
Show(get) the function as the value of the function-dictionary for the given key.
Fnc Method: ex
Parameter
Fnc Method ex: Parameter Name
Type
Description
cls
class
current class
doc
TnDoC
Dictionary of Callables
key
TnDoc
key
args_kwargs
TnArrDoc
arguments or keyword arguments
Return Value
Fnc Method ex: Return Value Name
Type
Description
TyCallable
Value of Function for argument args_kwargs
Fnc Method: identity
Parameter
Fnc Method identity: Parameter Name
Type
Description
obj
TyAny
object
Return Value
Fnc Method identity: Parameter Name
Type
Description
obj
TyAny
object
Fnc Method: sh
Parameter
Fnc Method sh: Parameter Name
Type
Description
cls
class
current class
doc
TnDoC
Dictionary of Callables
key
TnDoc
key
Return Value
Fnc Method sh: REturn Value Name
Type
Description
fnc
TyCallable
Function
Module: pacmod.py
The Utility module pacmod.py contains a single static class PacMod.
pacmod.py Class: PacMmd
PacMod Methods
PacMod Methods Name
Description
sh_d_pacmod
create and show (return) pacmod dictionary
sh_path_cfg_yaml
show pacmod file path of the yaml file <pacmod module>.yaml in the data directory of the current module of the current package
sh_path_keys_yaml
show pacmod file path type for the yaml file keys.yml in the data directory of the current module of the current pacḱage
sh_pacmod_type
show pacmod type directory path
sh_file_path
show pacmod file path
sh_pattern
show pacmod file path pattern
sh_path_cfg_log
show file path of log configuration file
sh_d_pacmod
show pacmod dictionary
PacMod Method: sh_d_pacmod
Parameter
Parameter of method sh_d_pacmod Name
Type
Description
root_cls
class
root class
tenant
Any
Method: sh_path_cfg_yaml
Parameter
Parameter of method sh_path_cfg_yaml Name
Type
Description
pacmod
TyDic
Method: sh_path_cfg_yaml
Parameter
Name
Type
Description
pacmod
TyDic
type_
Tystr
Method: sh_path_cfg_yaml
Parameter
Parameter of method sh_path_cfg_yaml Name
Type
Description
pacmod
TyDic
type_
str
Method: sh_path_cfg_yaml
Parameter
Parameter of method sh_path_cfg_yaml Name
Type
Description
cls
class
current class
pacmod
TyDic
type_
TyStr
suffix
TyStr
pid
TyStr
ts
TyAny
**kwargs
TyAny
keyword arguments
Method: sh_path_cfg_yaml
Parameter
Parameter of method sh_path_cfg_yaml Name
Type
Description
pacmod
TyDic
type_
TyStr
suffix
TyStr
**kwargs
TyAny
keyword arguments
Method: sh_path_cfg_yaml
Parameter
Parameter of method sh_path_cfg_yaml Name
Type
Description
pacmod
TnDic
filename
TyStr
Method: sh_d_pacmod
Parameter
Parameter of method sh_d_pacmod Name
Type
Description
cls
class
current class
**kwargs
TyAny
keyword arguments
Module: dodoa.py
Classes
The Module dodoa.py contains the static class DoDoA:
Class: DoDoA
The static Class DoDoA is used to manage Dictionary of Dictionaries of Arrays; it contains the subsequent methods.
Methods
Methods of class DoDoA Name
Description
append
sh_union
Module: dodod.py
Classes
The Module dodod.py contains the static Class DoDoD:
Class: DoDoD
The static Class DoDoD is used to manage Dictionary of Dictionaries of Dictionaries; it contains the subsequent methods.
Methods
Methods of class DoDoD Name
Description
set
yield_values
Module: dod.py
Classes
The Module dod.py contains the static Class DoD:
Class: DoD
The static Class DoD is used to manage Dictionary of Dictionaries; it contains the subsequent methods.
Methods
DoD Methods Name
Description
nvl
Return the Dictionary of Dictionaries if it is not None otherwise return the empty Dictionary “{}”.
replace_keys
Recurse through the Dictionary while building a new one with new keys and old values; the old keys are translated to new ones by the keys Dictionary.
yield_values
Module: dodows.py
Classes
The Module dodows.py contains the static Class DoDoWs:
Class: DoDoWs
The static Class DoDoWs is used to manage Dictionary of Dictionaries of Worksheets; it contains the subsequent methods.
Methods
Methods of class DoDoWs Name
Description
write_workbook
Write a workbook using a Dictionary of Dictionaries of worksheets.
Modules for Management of Dictionariy of Ojects
The Module Type Modules for Nabagement of Dictionary of Objects contains the following Modules:
Management Modules for Dictionaries of Ojects Name
Description
doo.py
Management of Dictionary of Objects.
Module: doo.py
The Module doo.py contains the static Classes DoO.
Class: DoO
The static Class DoO is used to manage Dictionary of Objects; it contains the subsequent methods.
Methods
Methods of class DoO Name
Description
replace_keys
Replace the keys of the given Dictionary by the values found in the given keys Dictionary if the values are not Dictionaries; otherwise the function is called with these values.
Modules for Dictionaries of Dataframes
Modules
The Module Type Modules for Dictionaries of Dataframes contains the following Modules:
Management Modules for Dictionary of Dataframes Name
Description
dopddf.py
Management of Dictionary of Panda Dataframes.
dopldf.py
Management of Dictionary of Polars Dataframes.
Module: dopddf.py
The Module dopddf.py contains only the static Class DoPdDf.
Class: DoPdDf
The static Class DoPdDf is used to manage Dictionaries of Panda Dataframes; it contains the subsequent methods.
Methods
Methodsc of class DoPdDf Name
Description
set_ix_drop_key_filter
Apply Function set_ix_drop_col_filter to all Panda Dataframe values of given Dictionary.
to_doaod
Replace NaN values of Panda Dataframe values of given Dictionary and convert them to Array of Dictionaries.
Module: dopldf.py
The Module dopldf.py contains only the static Class DoPlDf:
Class: DoPlDf
The static Class DoPlDf is used to manage Dictionary of Polars Dataframes; it contains the subsequent Methods.
Methods
Methods of class DoPlDf Name
Description
to_doaod
Replace NaN values of Polars Dataframe values of given Dictionary and convert them to Array of Dictionaries.
Appendix
Package Logging
Description
Logging use the module log.py of the logging package ut_log. The module supports two Logging types:
Standard Logging (std) or
User Logging (usr).
The Logging type can be defined by one of the values ‘std’ or ‘usr’ of the parameter log_type; ‘std’ is the default. The different Logging types are configured by one of the following configuration files:
log.std.yml or
log.usr.yml
The configuration files can be stored in different configuration directories (ordered by increased priority):
<package directory of the log package ut_log>/cfg,
<package directory of the application package ui_eviq_srr>/cfg,
<application directory of the application eviq>/cfg,
The active configuration file is the configuration file in the directory with the highest priority.
Examples
Site-packages-path = /appl/eviq/.pyenv/versions/3.11.12/lib/python3.11/site-packages Log-package = ut_log Application-package = ui_eviq_srr Application-home-path = /appl/eviq
Log Configuration |
|||
|---|---|---|---|
Type |
Directory Type |
Directory |
File |
std |
Log package |
<Site-packages-path>/<Log-package>/cfg |
log.std.yml |
Application package |
<Site-packages-path>/<application-package>/cfg |
||
Application |
<application-home-path>/cfg |
||
usr |
Log package |
<site-packages-path>/ut_log/cfg |
log.usr.yml |
Application package |
<site-packages-path>/ui_eviq_srr/cfg |
||
Application |
<application-path>/cfg |
Log message types
Logging defines log file path names for the following log message types: .
debug
info
warning
error
critical
Log types and Log directories
Single or multiple Application log directories can be used for each message type:
Log type |
Log directory |
||
|---|---|---|---|
long |
short |
multiple |
single |
debug |
dbqs |
dbqs |
logs |
info |
infs |
infs |
logs |
warning |
wrns |
wrns |
logs |
error |
errs |
errs |
logs |
critical |
crts |
crts |
logs |
Application parameter for logging
Name |
Decription |
Value |
Description |
Default |
Example |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
appl_data |
data directory |
/data/eviq |
|||
tenant |
tenant name |
UMH |
UMH |
||
package |
package name |
ui_eviq_srr |
|||
cmd |
command |
evupreg |
|||
log_type |
Logging Type |
std: |
Standard logging |
std |
std |
usr: |
User Logging |
||||
log_ts_type |
Logging timestamp type |
ts: |
Sec since 1.1.1970 |
ts |
ts |
dt: |
Datetime |
||||
log_sw_single_dir |
Use single log directory |
True |
use single dir. |
True |
True |
False |
use muliple dir. |
Log files naming
Naming Conventions (table format)
Type |
Directory |
File |
|---|---|---|
debug |
/<appl_data>/<tenant>/RUN/<package>/<cmd>/debs |
debs_<ts>_<pid>.log |
critical |
/<appl_data>/<tenant>/RUN/<package>/<cmd>/logs |
crts_<ts>_<pid>.log |
error |
/<appl_data>/<tenant>/RUN/<package>/<cmd>/logs |
errs_<ts>_<pid>.log |
info |
/<appl_data>/<tenant>/RUN/<package>/<cmd>/logs |
infs_<ts>_<pid>.log |
warning |
/<appl_data>/<tenant>/RUN/<package>/<cmd>/logs |
rnsg_<ts>_<pid>.log |
Naming Conventions (tree format)
<appl_data> Application data folder
│
└── <tenant> Application tenant folder
│
└── RUN Applications RUN folder for Application log files
│
└── <package> RUN folder of Application package: <package>
│
└── <cmd> RUN folder of Application command <cmd>
│
├── debs Application command debug messages folder
│ │
│ └── debs_<ts>_<pid>.log debug messages for
│ run of command <cmd>
│ with pid <pid> at <ts>
│
└── logs Application command log messages folder
│
├── crts_<ts>_<pid>.log critical messages for
│ run of command <cmd>
│ with pid <pid> at <ts>
├── errs_<ts>_<pid>.log error messages for
│ run of command <cmd>
│ with pid <pid> at <ts>
├── infs_<ts>_<pid>.log info messages for
│ run of command <cmd>
│ with pid <pid> at <ts>
└── wrns_<ts>_<pid>.log warning messages for
run of command <cmd>
with pid <pid> at <ts>
Naming Examples (table format)
Type |
Directory |
File |
|---|---|---|
debug |
/appl/eviq/UMH/RUN/ui_eviq_srr/evdomap/debs/ |
debs_1750096540_354710.log |
critical |
/appl/eviq/UMH/RUN/ui_eviq_srr/evdomap/logs/ |
crts_1749971151_240257.log |
error |
errs_1749971151_240257.log |
|
info |
infs_1750096540_354710.log |
|
warning |
wrns_1749971151_240257.log |
Naming Examples (tree format)
/data/eviq/UMH/RUN/ui_eviq_srr/evdomap Run folder of
│ of function evdomap
│ of package ui_eviq_srr
│ for teanant UMH
│ of application eviq
│
├── debs debug folder of Application function: evdomap
│ │
│ └── debs_1748609414_314062.log debug messages for run
│ of function evdomap
│ using pid: 314062 at: 1748609414
│
└── logs log folder of Application function: evdomap
│
├── errs_1748609414_314062.log error messages for run
│ of function evdomap
│ with pid: 314062 at: 1748609414
├── infs_1748609414_314062.log info messages for run
│ of function evdomap
│ with pid: 314062 at: 1748609414
└── wrns_1748609414_314062.log warning messages for run
of function evdomap
with pid: 314062 at: 1748609414
Configuration files
log.std.yml (jinja2 yml file)
Content
version: 1
disable_existing_loggers: False
loggers:
# standard logger
std:
# level: NOTSET
level: DEBUG
handlers:
- std_debug_console
- std_debug_file
- std_info_file
- std_warning_file
- std_error_file
- std_critical_file
handlers:
std_debug_console:
class: 'logging.StreamHandler'
level: DEBUG
formatter: std_debug
stream: 'ext://sys.stderr'
std_debug_file:
class: 'logging.FileHandler'
level: DEBUG
formatter: std_debug
filename: '{{dir_run_debs}}/debs_{{ts}}_{{pid}}.log'
mode: 'a'
delay: true
std_info_file:
class: 'logging.FileHandler'
level: INFO
formatter: std_info
filename: '{{dir_run_infs}}/infs_{{ts}}_{{pid}}.log'
mode: 'a'
delay: true
std_warning_file:
class: 'logging.FileHandler'
level: WARNING
formatter: std_warning
filename: '{{dir_run_wrns}}/wrns_{{ts}}_{{pid}}.log'
mode: 'a'
delay: true
std_error_file:
class: 'logging.FileHandler'
level: ERROR
formatter: std_error
filename: '{{dir_run_errs}}/errs_{{ts}}_{{pid}}.log'
mode: 'a'
delay: true
std_critical_file:
class: 'logging.FileHandler'
level: CRITICAL
formatter: std_critical
filename: '{{dir_run_crts}}/crts_{{ts}}_{{pid}}.log'
mode: 'a'
delay: true
std_critical_mail:
class: 'logging.handlers.SMTPHandler'
level: CRITICAL
formatter: std_critical_mail
mailhost : localhost
fromaddr: 'monitoring@domain.com'
toaddrs:
- 'dev@domain.com'
- 'qa@domain.com'
subject: 'Critical error with application name'
formatters:
std_debug:
format: '%(asctime)-15s %(levelname)s-%(name)s-%(process)d::%(module)s.%(funcName)s|%(lineno)s:: %(message)s'
datefmt: '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S'
std_info:
format: '%(asctime)-15s %(levelname)s-%(name)s-%(process)d::%(module)s.%(funcName)s|%(lineno)s:: %(message)s'
datefmt: '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S'
std_warning:
format: '%(asctime)-15s %(levelname)s-%(name)s-%(process)d::%(module)s.%(funcName)s|%(lineno)s:: %(message)s'
datefmt: '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S'
std_error:
format: '%(asctime)-15s %(levelname)s-%(name)s-%(process)d::%(module)s.%(funcName)s|%(lineno)s:: %(message)s'
datefmt: '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S'
std_critical:
format: '%(asctime)-15s %(levelname)s-%(name)s-%(process)d::%(module)s.%(funcName)s|%(lineno)s:: %(message)s'
datefmt: '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S'
std_critical_mail:
format: '%(asctime)-15s %(levelname)s-%(name)s-%(process)d::%(module)s.%(funcName)s|%(lineno)s:: %(message)s'
datefmt: '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S'
Jinja2-variables
Name |
Definition |
Example |
|---|---|---|
dir_run_debs |
debug run directory |
/data/eviq/UMH/RUN/ui_eviq_srr/evupreg/debs |
dir_run_infs |
info run directory |
/data/eviq/UMH/RUN/ui_eviq_srr/evupreg/logs |
dir_run_wrns |
warning run directory |
|
dir_run_errs |
error run directory |
|
dir_run_crts |
critical error run directory |
|
ts |
Timestamp since 1970 in [sec] if log_ts_type == ‘ts’ |
1749483509 |
Datetime in timezone Europe/ Berlin if log_ts_type == ‘dt’ |
20250609 17:38:29 GMT+0200 |
|
pid |
Process ID |
79133 |
Python Glossary
Python Modules
Overview
Python Modules Name
Definition
Python modules
Files with suffix .py; they could be empty or contain python code; other modules can be imported into a module.
special Python modules
Modules like __init__.py or main.py with special names and functionality.
Python Function
Overview
Python Function Name
Definition
Python function
Files with suffix .py; they could be empty or contain python code; other modules can be imported into a module.
special Python modules
Modules like __init__.py or main.py with special names and functionality.
Python Packages
Overview
Python Packages Overview Name
Definition
Python package
Python packages are directories that contains the special module __init__.py and other modules, sub packages, files or directories.
Python sub-package
Python sub-packages are python packages which are contained in another python package.
Python package sub-directory
directory contained in a python package.
Python package special sub-directory
Python package sub-directories with a special meaning like data or cfg
Special python package sub-directories
Special python package sub-directories Name
Description
bin
Directory for package scripts.
cfg
Directory for package configuration files.
data
Directory for package data files.
service
Directory for systemd service scripts.
Python Files
Overview
Python files Name
Definition
Python modules
Files with suffix .py; they could be empty or contain python code; other modules can be imported into a module.
Python package files
Files within a python package.
Python dunder modules
Python modules which are named with leading and trailing double underscores.
special Python files
Files which are not modules and used as python marker files like py.typed.
special Python modules
Modules like __init__.py or main.py with special names and functionality.
Python Special Files
Python special files Name
Type
Description
py.typed
Type checking marker file
The py.typed file is a marker file used in Python packages to indicate that the package supports type checking. This is a part of the PEP 561 standard, which provides a standardized way to package and distribute type information in Python.
Python Special Modules
Python special modules Name
Type
Description
__init__.py
Package directory marker file
The dunder (double underscore) module __init__.py is used to execute initialisation code or mark the directory it contains as a package. The Module enforces explicit imports and thus clear namespace use and call them with the dot notation.
__main__.py
entry point for the package
The dunder module __main__.py serves as package entry point point. The module is executed when the package is called by the interpreter with the command python -m <package name>.
__version__.py
Version file
The dunder module __version__.py consist of assignment statements used in Versioning.
Python classes
Overview
Python classes overview Name
Description
Python class
A class is a container to group related methods and variables together, even if no objects are created. This helps in organizing code logically.
Python static class
A class which contains only @staticmethod or @classmethod methods and no instance-specific attributes or methods.
Python methods
Overview
Python methods overview Name
Description
Python method
Python functions defined in python modules.
Python class method
Python functions defined in python classes.
Python special class method
Python class methods with special names and functionalities.
Python class methods
Python class methods Name
Description
Python no instance class method
Python function defined in python classes and decorated with @classmethod or @staticmethod. The first parameter conventionally called cls is a reference to the current class.
Python instance class method
Python function defined in python classes; the first parameter conventionally called self is a reference to the current class object.
special Python class method
Python class functions with special names and functionalities.
Python special class methods
Python methods examples Name
Type
Description
__init__
class object constructor method
The special method __init__ is called when an instance (object) of a class is created; instance attributes can be defined and initalized in the method. The method us a single parameter conventionally called self to access the object.
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