Concurrently detect the minimum Python versions needed to run code
Project description
Vermin
Concurrently detect the minimum Python versions needed to run code. Additionally, since the code is vanilla Python, and it doesn’t have any external dependencies, it works with v2.7+ and v3+.
It functions by parsing Python code into an abstract syntax tree (AST), which it traverses and matches against internal dictionaries with 1288 rules, covering v2.0-2.7 and v3.0-3.8, divided into 132 modules, 922 classes/functions/constants members of modules, 205 kwargs of functions, 4 strftime directives, 2 array typecodes, 3 codecs error handler names, and 20 codecs encodings. Including looking for v2/v3 print expr and print(expr), long, f-strings, self-documenting f-strings, coroutines (async and await), asynchronous generators (await and yield in same function), asynchronous comprehensions, await in comprehensions, boolean constants, named expressions, positional-only parameters, yield from, exception context cause (raise .. from ..), dict comprehensions, infix matrix multiplication, "..".format(..), imports (import X, from X import Y, from X import *), function calls wrt. name and kwargs, strftime + strptime directives used, and function, function and variable annotations (also Final and Literal), continue in finally block, modular inverse pow(), array typecodes, codecs error handler names and encodings. It tries to detect and ignore user-defined functions, classes, arguments, and variables with names that clash with library-defined symbols.
Backports of the standard library, like typing, can be enabled for better results.
The project is fairly well-tested with 1410 unit and integration tests.
It is recommended to use the most recent Python version to run Vermin on projects since Python’s own language parser is used to detect language features, like f-strings since Python 3.6 etc.
Usage
It is fairly straightforward to use Vermin:
./vermin.py /path/to/your/project
Or via PyPi:
% pip install vermin % vermin /path/to/your/project
Or via Arch Linux (AUR):
% yay -S vermin
When using continuous integration (CI) tools, like Travis CI, Vermin can be used to check that the minimum required versions didn’t change. The following is an excerpt:
install: - ./setup_virtual_env.sh - pip install vermin script: - vermin -t=2.7 -t=3 project_package otherfile.py
Examples
% ./vermin.py -q vermin Minimum required versions: 2.7, 3.0 % ./vermin.py -q -t=3.3 vermin Minimum required versions: 2.7, 3.0 Target versions not met: 3.3 % echo $? 1 % ./vermin.py -q --versions vermin Minimum required versions: 2.7, 3.0 Version range: 2.0, 2.2, 2.5, 2.7, 3.0 % ./vermin.py -v examples Detecting python files.. Analyzing 6 files using 8 processes.. /path/to/examples/formatv2.py 2.7, 3.2 /path/to/examples/argparse.py 2.7, 3.0 /path/to/examples/formatv3.py 2.0, 3.0 /path/to/examples/printv3.py !2, 3.4 /path/to/examples/abc.py /path/to/examples/unknown.py Minimum required versions: 3.4 Incompatible versions: 2 % ./vermin.py -vv /path/to/examples/abc.py Detecting python files.. Analyzing using 8 processes.. !2, 3.4 /path/to/examples/abc.py 'abc' requires (2.6, 3.0) 'abc.ABC' requires (None, 3.4) Minimum required versions: 3.4 Incompatible versions: 2 % ./vermin.py -vvv /path/to/examples/abc.py Detecting python files.. Analyzing using 8 processes.. !2, 3.4 /path/to/examples/abc.py L1 C7: 'abc' requires (2.6, 3.0) L2: 'abc.ABC' requires (None, 3.4) Minimum required versions: 3.4 Incompatible versions: 2
Lax Mode
Vermin parses Python source code into abstract syntax trees (ASTs) which it traverses to do analysis. However, it doesn’t do conditional logic, i.e. deciding which branches will be taken at runtime, since it can cause unexpected side-effects to actually evaluate code. As an example, analysis of the following:
if False:
print(f"..but I won't be evaluated")
Will yield “f-strings require 3.6+” even though the branch will not be evaluated at runtime.
The lax mode, via argument -l, was created to circumvent cases like this. But it’s not a perfect solution since it will skip all if, ternarys, for, while, try, and boolean operations. Therefore it is recommended to run with and without lax mode to get a better understanding of individual cases.
Analysis Exclusions
Another approach to conditional logic than lax mode, is to exclude modules, members, kwargs, codecs error handler names, or codecs encodings by name from being analysed via argument --exclude <name> (multiple can be specified). Consider the following code block that checks if PROTOCOL_TLS is an attribute of ssl:
import ssl
tls_version = ssl.PROTOCOL_TLSv1
if hasattr(ssl, "PROTOCOL_TLS"):
tls_version = ssl.PROTOCOL_TLS
It will state that “‘ssl.PROTOCOL_TLS’ requires (2.7, 3.6)” but to exclude that from the results, use --exclude 'ssl.PROTOCOL_TLS'. Afterwards, only “‘ssl’ requires (2.6, 3.0)” will be shown and the final minimum required versions are v2.6 and v3.0 instead of v2.7 and v3.6.
Code can even be excluded on a more fine grained level using the # novermin or # novm comments at line level. The following yields the same behavior as the previous code block, but only for that particular if and its body:
import ssl
tls_version = ssl.PROTOCOL_TLSv1
if hasattr(ssl, "PROTOCOL_TLS"): # novermin
tls_version = ssl.PROTOCOL_TLS
Contributing
Contributions are very welcome, especially adding and updating detection rules of modules, functions, classes etc. to cover as many Python versions as possible. For PRs, make sure to keep the code vanilla Python and run make test first. Note that code must remain valid and working on Python v2.7+ and v3+.
Project details
Release history Release notifications | RSS feed
Download files
Download the file for your platform. If you're not sure which to choose, learn more about installing packages.
Source Distributions
Built Distribution
Hashes for vermin-0.9.2-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Algorithm | Hash digest | |
---|---|---|
SHA256 | bebe31ce1faff1c4f9b1d20949cca777bd54e4fbb7b8020656146b34c3ccc90f |
|
MD5 | 030fcd5ee4704c2a5e6fafb34bd0e06a |
|
BLAKE2b-256 | 7b42ad345d9302ec5c0a52b5ad35340174720c98833cb0b512e659ba28f3c20b |