Virtuals
Virtual Python collections over any storage.
Dict, list, set, indexed dict, tree — they look and feel like native Python, but they don't physically exist as in-memory collections. They're virtual: lazy views that compose data structure logic over flat tuple-key storage. Any backend that implements the storage protocol gets every data structure for free.
Like SQLAlchemy for Python collections. No SQL, no specific backend. Define your structure, plug in a store.
PyPI: virtuals-py | Import: virtuals
What It Does
from virtuals import View, Container
from virtuals.storages.mem import InMemoryStorage
from virtuals.codecs import NoOpCodec
storage = InMemoryStorage(codec=NoOpCodec())
storage.open()
with storage.transaction() as tx:
users = DictView.open_root(tx)
users["alice"] = {"name": "Alice", "age": 30}
users["bob"] = {"name": "Bob", "age": 25}
# Navigate naturally
for user_id, profile in users.items():
print(f"{user_id}: {profile['name']}")
# Under the hood: flat KV pairs with tuple keys
# ("users", "alice", "name") -> "Alice"
# ("users", "alice", "age") -> 30
Three Layers
Layer 1: Storage
Generic tuple-key KV store with lexicographic ordering.
storage.put(("users", "alice", "name"), "Alice")
value = storage.get(("users", "alice", "name"))
Layer 2: Container
Hierarchy and parent-child relationships over flat keys.
container = Container(storage, ("users", "alice"))
container.create()
children = container.children() # ["name", "age"]
Layer 3: View
Data structure abstractions (dict, list, set) over containers.
users = DictView.open_root(tx)
users["alice"] = "data"
Installation
pip install virtuals-py
pip install virtuals-py[rocksdb] # with RocksDB backend
Features
- Virtual collections: Work with dicts, lists, sets over any KV backend
- Tuple keys: Natural hierarchical addressing with lexicographic ordering
- Backend agnostic: Works with any ordered KV store (RocksDB, LMDB, in-memory)
- Observable: Watch for changes at any level of the hierarchy
- Transactional: Full ACID support when the backend provides it
- Lazy: Nothing materializes until accessed
Documentation
See docs/ for detailed documentation:
docs/layers/layer1_storage.md— Storage layerdocs/layers/layer2_container.md— Container layerdocs/layers/layer3_view.md— View layerdocs/general/architecture.md— Architecture overviewdocs/general/philosophy.md— Design philosophy
License
Apache-2.0
1 maintainer
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