visus-web 0.1.1

Modern, Playwright-style web automation on a pure Selenium engine, with BotCity RPA reach.

Visus Web

Modern, Playwright-style web automation on a pure Selenium engine — semantic locators, auto-waiting actions, auto-retrying assertions, BotCity-style RPA reach, and an OCR + image-matching vision plugin.

Visus Web automates the browser the way a developer thinks about it: semantic locators (get_by_role, get_by_label, get_by_text), auto-waiting actions (no sleep, ever), and web-first assertions that auto-retry until the page settles. It pairs Playwright's developer experience with Selenium's compatibility (Grid, corporate browsers, Edge IE-mode) — written from scratch, fully typed, with no Playwright dependency. On top of the test-automation core it adds RPA reach (frames, popups, dialogs, cookies, downloads, file upload, PDF) and an optional OCR + image-matching vision plugin for captchas.

Part of the Visus family. visus-web (import root visus.web) sits alongside visus-desktop (visus.desktop, GUI automation) under one planned automation ecosystem.

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Table of contents

• Features
• Requirements
• Installation
• Quickstart
• Drive it from any MCP agent
• Drive it from the shell — the visus CLI
• Python usage guide
  • rpa() — batteries-included automation
  • launch() — full control
  • Locators
  • Paste-an-element locator
  • Actions
  • Web-first waits
  • Assertions (expect)
  • Field enumeration (act by number)
  • Frames & iframes
  • Tabs & popups
  • Dialogs
  • Downloads
  • Cookies & contexts
  • Storage state — persist logins across runs
  • Screenshots, PDF & JavaScript
  • Network controls
  • Network & console capture
  • Emulation & init scripts
  • Low-level mouse & keyboard
  • Vision — OCR & image matching
  • Tracing & HTML reports
  • Async API
  • pytest plugin
• Engines
• Configuration & environment variables
• Error handling
• Project layout
• Development & testing
• License

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Features

• 🎭 Semantic locators — get_by_role / text / label / placeholder / test_id / alt_text / title, locator(css|xpath), first / last / nth / filter, plus frame_locator for cross-origin and nested iframes. Find elements the way a user perceives them, not by brittle CSS chains. Every text matcher also accepts a compiled re.Pattern (get_by_text(re.compile(r"Sub\w+", re.I))).
• 🧮 Locator composition — filter(has=, has_not=, has_text=, has_not_text=) and the or_() / and_() operators disambiguate without dropping to XPath.
• ⏱️ Web-first waits — locator.wait_for(state=...), page.wait_for_url (glob/regex/predicate), page.wait_for_load_state, page.wait_for_function — synchronize on SPA redirects and async renders without hand-rolled polling.
• 📋 Paste-an-element locator — paste an element straight from DevTools ("Copy element") into page.locator('<input name="email" class="…">'); Visus derives an ordered set of selectors (id → data-* → name → aria → class → xpath, Tailwind classes escaped) and tries each until one matches — resilient to a changed id/class.
• ⏳ Auto-waited actions — click / dblclick / fill / press / hover / check / uncheck / set_checked / select_option / drag_to / focus / blur / clear / set_input_files all wait for the element to become actionable. No sleep, ever.
• ✅ Web-first assertions — expect(loc).to_be_visible / to_have_text / to_have_value / to_have_count / to_have_role / to_be_focused / to_be_in_viewport / to_have_css / … with .not_ negation; every matcher auto-retries. Page-level expect(page).to_have_url / to_have_title, custom failure messages (expect(loc, "context")), and soft assertions (expect.soft(...) + expect.verify_soft()).
• 🌍 Network & console capture (Chromium) — page.network_requests(), page.wait_for_response("*api*") (with .body()), page.expect_response(...) around an action, and page.console_messages() — assert on the API call behind a click, not just the UI.
• 🪪 Storage state & profiles — context.storage_state(path=...) / restore_storage_state(...) persist logins across runs; launch(user_data_dir=...) reuses a persistent browser profile; launch(remote_url=...) drives a Selenium Grid.
• 📱 Emulation (Chromium) — set_device_metrics, set_geolocation + grant_permissions, set_viewport_size (all engines), and add_init_script to seed pages before they boot.
• 🧪 pytest plugin — visus_browser / visus_context / visus_page fixtures with screenshot-on-failure (--visus-output), --visus-engine / --visus-headed options, and automatic soft-assert verification.
• 🤖 Batteries-included RPA — rpa() launches the browser, records the run, writes a single-file HTML report (even on failure), and prints a summary — you write only the automation.
• 🗂️ RPA reach — frames, expect_popup, expect_dialog, expect_download, cookies, contexts, evaluate, element/full-page screenshots, and PDF.
• 🔢 Field enumerator — list_fields() enumerates every interactive field (across open Shadow DOM and same-origin iframes), draws a numbered overlay, and lets you act by index (page.field(7).fill(...)) — the same model the CLI uses.
• 👁️ Vision plugin ([vision]) — read_text / solve_captcha (RapidOCR) and find_image / find_all_images (OpenCV), plus locator.ocr_text() / locator.find_image() / page.solve_captcha().
• 🧩 MCP server ([mcp]) — visus-web-mcp exposes 45 tools (navigation, accessibility snapshot, all actions, tabs, dialogs, cookies, network/console capture, screenshot, evaluate, vision) to AI agents.
• ⌨️ Full-featured CLI ([cli]) — the visus command mirrors the whole surface in the shell with a persistent browser daemon, --json everywhere, and an interactive console.
• 🔌 Async API — visus.web.async_api is a 100% mirror of the sync surface (same names, same parameters) wrapped in asyncio.to_thread; builders stay sync (recipe-only), reads and actions are await-able.
• 🌐 Selenium compatibility — Chrome, Edge, Firefox, and Edge IE-mode (Trident) for legacy corporate apps.
• 🏷️ Fully typed — ships a py.typed marker; no selenium.* type ever crosses the public API.

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Requirements

• Python 3.10+
• A supported browser installed (Chrome, Edge, or Firefox). Drivers are resolved automatically by Selenium Manager — no manual driver download needed (visus install forces a one-time resolve).
• Core dependency installed automatically: selenium>=4.38,<5.
• Optional extras pull in their own deps: [vision] (RapidOCR + OpenCV + Pillow + NumPy), [mcp] (the mcp package), [cli] (Typer + Rich).

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Installation

pip install visus-web                 # core (Selenium engine + Python API)
pip install "visus-web[vision]"       # + OCR (RapidOCR) + image matching (OpenCV)
pip install "visus-web[mcp]"          # + MCP server for AI agents (visus-web-mcp)
pip install "visus-web[cli]"          # + the `visus` CLI (incl. codegen)

Install several extras at once:

pip install "visus-web[vision,mcp,cli]"

Verify a browser + driver launch correctly:

visus doctor --engine chrome      # OK: chrome launches and navigates ...

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Quickstart

Batteries included — write only the automation; Visus launches the browser, records the run, writes an HTML report (even on failure), and prints a summary:

from visus.web import rpa, expect

with rpa("login", engine="chrome") as page:               # "chrome" | "edge" | "firefox" | "edge_ie"
    page.goto("https://example.com/login")
    page.get_by_label("Email").fill("[e-mail]")
    page.get_by_role("button", name="Sign in").click()    # auto-waits until actionable
    expect(page.get_by_text("Welcome")).to_be_visible()   # auto-retries until true
# → ./visus-runs/login-<timestamp>/report.html  (+ run.zip, + a printed summary)

Need full control (multiple pages, custom contexts)? Drop down to launch:

from visus.web import launch, expect

with launch(headless=True) as browser:
    page = browser.new_page()
    page.goto("https://example.com")
    page.get_by_role("button", name="Sign in").click()
    expect(page.get_by_text("Welcome")).to_be_visible()

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Drive it from any MCP agent

visus-web ships a Model Context Protocol server exposing 45 tools so an AI agent (Claude Code / Desktop, Cursor) can drive the browser end to end. Each tool carries a docstring that teaches the agent when and how to use it, so it never has to read source.

pip install "visus-web[mcp]"

Wire it into your MCP client:

// claude_desktop_config.json (or ~/.claude.json / .mcp.json for Claude Code)
{
  "mcpServers": {
    "visus-web": {
      "command": "visus-web-mcp",
      "env": {
        "VISUS_WEB_ENGINE": "chrome",   // chrome | edge | firefox | edge_ie
        "VISUS_WEB_HEADLESS": "1"       // "0" to watch the browser drive
      }
    }
  }
}

Tool groups (45 tools):

Group	Tools
Navigation	browser_navigate, browser_navigate_back, browser_navigate_forward, browser_reload
Inspect	browser_snapshot ★, browser_list_fields, browser_clear_highlights, browser_translate_element, browser_title, browser_url, browser_get_text, browser_get_attribute, browser_count
Actions	browser_click, browser_dblclick, browser_fill, browser_press, browser_hover, browser_check, browser_uncheck, browser_select_option, browser_drag, browser_focus, browser_clear, browser_set_input_files
Wait / expect	browser_wait_for, browser_expect_text
Tabs	browser_tab_list, browser_tab_new, browser_tab_select, browser_tab_activate, browser_tab_close, browser_set_tab_follow
Dialogs	browser_handle_dialog
Network / console (Chromium)	browser_network_requests, browser_console_messages
Cookies	browser_get_cookies, browser_add_cookies, browser_clear_cookies
Media / JS	browser_screenshot, browser_evaluate
Vision ([vision])	browser_read_text, browser_solve_captcha, browser_find_image
Lifecycle	browser_close

Recommended agent flow: browser_navigate → browser_snapshot (read the role/name table) or browser_list_fields (numbered, with ready-to-use locators) → act with browser_click / browser_fill / … targeting by role+name, text, or selector → browser_wait_for / browser_expect_text to synchronize.

Every action tool accepts the same target parameters — provide whichever you have:

Param	Meaning
selector	A CSS selector, xpath=…, or a pasted DevTools element (<…>).
role + name	ARIA role and accessible name (e.g. role="button", name="Sign in").
text	Visible text content.
exact	Match name/text exactly instead of as a substring.
frame	CSS/XPath of an <iframe> to resolve the target inside.

New tabs/popups are manual by default (browser_set_tab_follow(False)): a click that opens a tab does not change your context — steer explicitly with browser_tab_list / browser_tab_select. Set browser_set_tab_follow(True) for auto-follow.

A runnable example of the exact calls an agent makes lives in examples/login_mcp.py.

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Drive it from the shell — the visus CLI

The visus command (install the [cli] extra) mirrors the automation surface in the terminal, backed by a persistent browser daemon so commands share one live session. Every read command takes --json.

pip install "visus-web[cli]"

visus session start https://practicetestautomation.com/practice-test-login/  # start the daemon
visus list-fields                       # enumerate + number the page's fields
visus fill 1 student                    # act by index, like the MCP list_fields flow
visus fill 2 Password123
visus click --role button --name Submit # or target by role/name/selector/text
visus expect-text --role heading "Logged In Successfully"
visus session stop                      # close the browser

Run visus --help (or visus <command> --help) for inline help. Use visus console for an interactive REPL attached to the session.

Full command reference (click to expand)

Targeting: most commands accept a positional field index (from the last list-fields) or --selector/-s, --role, --name, --text. Nearly every read command accepts --json.

Session & lifecycle

Command	What it does
visus session start [URL] --engine <e> --headless	Start the persistent browser daemon (headed by default).
visus session stop	Stop the session (closes the browser).
visus session status [--json]	Show the running session's status.
visus console [URL] --engine <e> --headless	Open an interactive REPL attached to the session.

Navigation

Command	What it does
visus goto <URL>	Navigate the session's page to a URL.
visus back / visus forward / visus reload	History navigation / reload.

Inspect / search the DOM

Command	What it does
visus snapshot [--json]	List interactive elements as a role/name table.
visus list-fields --kind <k> --all --no-highlight [--json]	Enumerate interactive fields, numbered + highlighted.
visus get-text [idx] [target]	Print an element's text content.
visus get-attribute <attr> [idx] [target]	Print an element's attribute value.
visus count [idx] [target]	Count elements matching the target.
visus title / visus url	Print the page title / URL.
visus translate [html] --file <f> [--json]	Convert a pasted DevTools element into css/xpath/id/class selectors (reads the clipboard if omitted).

Actions

Command	What it does
visus click [idx] [target]	Click a field.
visus dblclick [idx] [target]	Double-click a field.
visus fill [idx] <text> / … -s <sel> --value <v>	Fill an input.
visus clear-input [idx] [target]	Clear an input's value.
visus check / visus uncheck [idx] [target]	Check / uncheck a checkbox or radio.
visus select [idx] <value>	Select an option on a <select>.
visus press [idx] <key>	Press a key/chord (e.g. Enter, Control+a).
visus hover / visus focus [idx] [target]	Hover / focus a field.
visus drag <src> <dst> / … --to-selector	Drag a source element onto a target.
visus upload [idx] <paths…>	Set file(s) on a file input.

Wait / assert

Command	What it does
visus wait [idx] [target] --state <s> --timeout <ms>	Wait for visible/hidden/attached/detached.
visus expect-text [idx] <text> --timeout <ms>	Assert an element contains text (PASSED/FAILED).

Tabs / windows

Command	What it does
visus tabs [--json]	List open tabs/windows (active marked *).
visus tab [idx]	Switch to a tab by index (newest if omitted).
visus tab-new [URL]	Open a new tab and switch to it.
visus tab-close [idx]	Close a tab (active if omitted).

Dialogs / cookies / JS

Command	What it does
visus dialog --accept/--dismiss --prompt-text <t>	Handle the next alert/confirm/prompt.
visus cookies [--json]	List cookies.
visus add-cookies '<json>' / visus clear-cookies	Add / clear cookies.
visus eval "<fn>" [arg] [--json]	Evaluate JS in the page (e.g. '() => document.title').

Capture / vision / utilities

Command	What it does
visus screenshot <URL> -o <png> --full-page --headless --engine <e>	Screenshot a URL to a PNG (one-off browser).
visus session-screenshot [idx] -o <png> --full-page	Screenshot the session's page or a single element.
visus pdf <URL> -o <pdf>	Print a URL to a PDF (Chromium).
visus open <URL> --engine <e>	Open a headed browser at URL until you press Enter.
visus clear	Remove the numbered field-highlight overlay.
visus read-text [idx] [target] ([vision])	OCR an element's screenshot → recognized text.
visus solve-captcha [idx] [target] ([vision])	OCR-solve a text CAPTCHA.
visus find-image <template.png> [idx] [target] -c <conf> [--json] ([vision])	Find a template image inside the page/element.

Tooling

Command	What it does
visus codegen <URL> -o <file> --engine <e>	Record interactions in a headed browser and generate visus.web code.
visus doctor --engine <e>	Check a browser + driver launch correctly.
visus install --engine <e>	Resolve/download the driver via Selenium Manager.
visus mcp	Start the MCP server over stdio (same as visus-web-mcp).
visus run <script.py>	Run a Python script with the active interpreter.
visus version	Print the visus.web version.

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Python usage guide

Conventions:

• Timeouts are in milliseconds; omit to use the defaults (action/navigation 30 000 ms, expect 5 000 ms).
• Locators are lazy recipes — get_by_* / locator only build a selector chain; the live page is touched only when you call an action or read.
• backtrack (on actions and goto) replays the previous step(s) and retries on failure — pass True or an integer count.

rpa() — batteries-included automation

from visus.web import rpa, expect

with rpa(
    "checkout",                # run label (used in the output folder name)
    engine="chrome",           # "chrome" | "edge" | "firefox" | "edge_ie"
    headless=False,            # watch it drive; True for CI
    outdir=None,               # default: ./visus-runs/<name>-<timestamp>/
    report=True,               # render report.html on exit (even if a step fails)
    summary=True,              # print a one-block run summary on exit
    open_report=False,         # open report.html in the default browser
    reraise=False,             # True: re-raise VisusWebError for programmatic handling
) as page:
    page.goto("https://shop.example.com")
    page.get_by_role("button", name="Add to cart").click()
    expect(page.get_by_text("1 item")).to_be_visible()
# → run.zip + report.html written automatically; summary printed

launch() — full control

from visus.web import launch

with launch("firefox", headless=True) as browser:
    page = browser.new_page()
    page.goto("https://example.com")
    # ... multiple pages / contexts available via browser.new_context()

Launch options for real-world setups:

launch(slow_mo=300)                                   # watch each action land (debug/demo)
launch(user_data_dir="~/profiles/erp")                # persistent profile: logins survive runs
launch("chrome", remote_url="http://grid:4444/wd/hub")  # run on a Selenium Grid

Per-page/context default timeouts (per-call timeout= still wins):

page.set_default_timeout(10_000)              # actions + navigations on this page
page.set_default_navigation_timeout(60_000)   # navigations only
ctx.set_default_timeout(10_000)               # pages created by this context afterwards

Locators

page.get_by_role("button", name="Sign in")     # ARIA role + accessible name
page.get_by_role("link", name="Docs", exact=True)
page.get_by_text("Welcome back")                # visible text (substring)
page.get_by_label("Email")                      # form control by its <label>
page.get_by_placeholder("Search…")
page.get_by_test_id("submit")                   # data-testid
page.get_by_alt_text("Company logo")
page.get_by_title("Close")
page.locator("#username")                       # CSS
page.locator("xpath=//button[@type='submit']")  # XPath
page.locator(".row").locator("css=button")      # chain

# Regex — every text matcher takes a compiled re.Pattern
import re
page.get_by_text(re.compile(r"order #\d+", re.I))
page.get_by_role("button", name=re.compile("^(OK|Confirm)$"))

# Refinement
page.get_by_role("listitem").filter(has_text="In stock").first()
page.get_by_role("row").nth(2)
page.locator(".card").last()
page.locator("#shadow-host").locator("button", deep=True)   # pierce open Shadow DOM

# Composition — disambiguate without XPath
page.locator("tr").filter(has=page.get_by_role("button", name="Edit"))   # rows WITH an Edit button
page.locator("tr").filter(has_not_text="archived")
page.locator("#save").or_(page.locator("#submit")).click()               # whichever exists
page.locator("input").and_(page.locator(".touched"))                     # intersection

# Reads
loc = page.locator("#total")
loc.count(); loc.is_visible(); loc.is_enabled(); loc.is_checked()
loc.text_content(); loc.inner_text(); loc.inner_html(); loc.input_value()
loc.get_attribute("href"); loc.bounding_box()             # {x, y, width, height} | None
loc.all_text_contents(); loc.all_inner_texts()

# Utilities
loc.scroll_into_view_if_needed(); loc.highlight()         # debug box around the element
loc.dispatch_event("change")                               # synthetic DOM event
loc.press_sequentially("4242424242424242", delay=50)       # char-by-char typing

Paste-an-element locator

Copy an element in DevTools ("Copy element") and paste its outerHTML straight in — Visus derives an ordered candidate list (id → data-* → name → aria → class → xpath) and tries each:

page.locator('<input name="email" class="form-control w-full" type="email">').fill("[e-mail]")

Preview what it would generate (no live page needed):

from visus.web.api._htmlsel import translate
translate('<button id="go" class="btn">Go</button>')   # {id, css, xpath, class, candidates_*}

The same is available as visus translate '<…>' and the browser_translate_element MCP tool.

Actions

Every action auto-waits for actionability. All accept timeout=<ms>, most accept force=True (skip checks) and backtrack:

loc.click(); loc.dblclick(); loc.hover(); loc.focus(); loc.blur()
loc.fill("hello"); loc.clear(); loc.press("Enter"); loc.press("Control+a")
loc.check(); loc.uncheck(); loc.set_checked(True)
loc.select_option(value="US")            # or label="United States" / index=0
loc.set_input_files("invoice.pdf")       # or ["a.png", "b.png"]
src.drag_to(target)

Web-first waits

Synchronize on navigations and async renders without polling:

import re

page.get_by_role("button", name="Sign in").click()
page.wait_for_url("*dashboard*")                    # glob — also re.Pattern or a predicate
page.wait_for_url(re.compile(r"/orders/\d+$"))
page.wait_for_load_state()                          # "load" (default) or "domcontentloaded"

page.locator("#toast").wait_for()                   # visible (default)
page.locator("#spinner").wait_for(state="hidden")   # also: attached / detached

ready = page.wait_for_function("() => window.app && window.app.ready")  # poll JS until truthy

Assertions (expect)

Web-first matchers auto-retry until they pass or time out; negate with .not_:

from visus.web import expect

expect(page.get_by_role("heading", name="Dashboard")).to_be_visible()
expect(page.get_by_label("Email")).to_have_value("[e-mail]")
expect(page.get_by_role("listitem")).to_have_count(3)
expect(page.get_by_text("Error")).not_.to_be_visible()

# Page-level assertions (glob string or re.Pattern)
expect(page).to_have_url("*checkout*")
expect(page).to_have_title(re.compile("Dashboard"))

# Custom failure message — prefixed onto the AssertionError
expect(page.locator("#cart"), "cart should appear after adding an item").to_be_visible()

# Soft assertions — collect failures, fail once at the end
expect.soft(page.locator("#price")).to_have_text("$10")
expect.soft(page.locator("#qty")).to_have_value("2")
expect.verify_soft()   # raises ONE combined error if anything failed
# (the pytest plugin calls verify_soft() automatically at the end of each test)

# Full set:
# to_be_visible / to_be_hidden / to_be_enabled / to_be_disabled / to_be_checked / to_be_editable
# to_be_attached / to_be_focused / to_be_empty / to_be_in_viewport
# to_have_text(exact=True) / to_contain_text / to_have_value / to_have_values / to_have_count
# to_have_attribute(name, value) / to_have_class / to_contain_class / to_have_role
# to_have_css(name, value) / to_have_id
# text/value/attribute/css matchers all accept re.Pattern

Field enumeration (act by number)

list_fields() enumerates every interactive field (across open Shadow DOM and same-origin iframes), draws a numbered overlay, and lets you act by index — ideal for quick/interactive scripts and the exact model the CLI and MCP use:

fields = page.list_fields(kinds=["input", "button"], include_hidden=False, highlight=True)
for f in fields:
    print(f.index, f.kind, f.name, f.locator)

page.field(0).fill("student")             # act by number (from the latest list_fields)
page.field_locator(fields[1]).fill("…")   # or by the Field object (resolves frame/shadow chain)
page.clear_highlights()

Each Field carries index, kind, tag, type, role, name, label, placeholder, value, checked, disabled, visible, frame, shadow, locator, locator_kind, css, xpath, code, deep and a .to_dict(). For durable automation prefer a stable selector over the positional index.

Frames & iframes

frame = page.frame_locator("#checkout-iframe")
frame.get_by_label("Card number").fill("4242 4242 4242 4242")
frame.frame_locator("#nested").get_by_role("button", name="Pay").click()   # nested iframes

Tabs & popups

with page.expect_popup() as popup:
    page.get_by_role("link", name="Open in new tab").click()
new_page = popup.value
new_page.goto("https://…")

# Enumerate / focus tabs without dropping to launch:
for p in page.context.pages:
    print(p.handle, p.url)
p.bring_to_front()           # alias: p.activate()

Dialogs

with page.expect_dialog(accept=True, prompt_text="yes") as dlg:
    page.get_by_role("button", name="Delete").click()
print(dlg.value.message, dlg.value.type)   # "alert" | "confirm" | "prompt" | "beforeunload"

Downloads

with page.expect_download() as dl:
    page.get_by_role("button", name="Export CSV").click()
dl.value.save_as("./reports/export.csv")    # also: dl.value.path, dl.value.suggested_filename

Cookies & contexts

ctx = browser.new_context()                 # isolated cookies/cache
page = ctx.new_page()
ctx.add_cookies([{"name": "session", "value": "abc", "url": "https://example.com"}])
print(ctx.cookies())
ctx.clear_cookies()

Storage state — persist logins across runs

Snapshot cookies + localStorage/sessionStorage once, restore in later runs and skip the login:

# Run 1 — log in once, save the state
page.goto("https://app.example.com")
page.get_by_label("User").fill("ada"); page.get_by_role("button", name="Sign in").click()
page.context.storage_state(path="auth.json")

# Run N — restore instead of logging in
page.goto("https://app.example.com")        # be at the origin first (cookies are per-domain)
page.context.restore_storage_state("auth.json")
page.reload()                               # app boots already authenticated

For a fully persistent browser (extensions, saved passwords, real profile), use launch(user_data_dir="…") instead — the profile directory is reused and never deleted.

Screenshots, PDF & JavaScript

page.screenshot(path="page.png", full_page=True)
page.locator("#chart").screenshot(path="chart.png")
page.pdf(path="page.pdf")                    # Chromium only
host = page.evaluate("() => window.location.hostname")
doubled = page.evaluate("(x) => x * 2", 21)

Network controls

Chromium-only, via CDP:

page.block_urls(["*.ads.com", "*ga.js"])
page.set_extra_http_headers({"X-Debug": "1"})
page.set_offline(True); page.set_offline(False)

Network & console capture

Chromium-only. Assert on the API call behind a UI action — usually more reliable than waiting for the UI itself — and read the browser console when something misbehaves:

# Wait for the response a click triggers
with page.expect_response("*api/login*") as info:
    page.get_by_role("button", name="Sign in").click()
assert info.value.ok                       # .url, .status, .method, .resource_type
print(info.value.body())                   # response body via CDP

page.wait_for_response("*api/orders*")     # or wait for the next matching response
for r in page.network_requests():          # everything captured so far
    print(r.status, r.url)

for m in page.console_messages():          # console.* and uncaught errors
    print(m.level, m.text)                 # SEVERE / WARNING / INFO

The MCP server exposes the same data to agents via browser_network_requests and browser_console_messages.

Emulation & init scripts

page.set_viewport_size(1280, 720)          # exact viewport, all engines
page.set_device_metrics(390, 844, device_scale_factor=3.0, mobile=True)   # Chromium
page.grant_permissions(["geolocation"]); page.set_geolocation(-23.55, -46.63)
page.add_init_script("window.__env = 'test'")   # runs before every document from now on

Low-level mouse & keyboard

page.mouse.move(100, 200); page.mouse.click(100, 200); page.mouse.dblclick(100, 200)
page.mouse.down(); page.mouse.up(); page.mouse.wheel(0, 300)
page.keyboard.press("Control+a"); page.keyboard.type("hello"); page.keyboard.insert_text("raw")

Vision — OCR & image matching

Requires the [vision] extra (pip install "visus-web[vision]").

# Locator / page hooks
text = page.locator("#captcha").ocr_text()
solution = page.solve_captcha(page.get_by_role("img", name="CAPTCHA"))
match = page.locator("#canvas").find_image("button.png", confidence=0.9)
if match:
    page.mouse.click(match.center_x, match.center_y)

# Standalone functions on any image (path, bytes, PIL, numpy, base64)
from visus.web.vision import read_text, solve_captcha, find_image, find_all_images, Match
read_text(page.screenshot())
m = find_image(page.screenshot(), "logo.png", confidence=0.85)   # -> Match | None
ms = find_all_images(page.screenshot(), "row.png")               # -> list[Match]

Tracing & HTML reports

rpa() does this for you, but you can record any launch() block too:

from visus.web import tracing, launch

with tracing.record("run.zip", report="report.html"):   # report written even on exception
    with launch(headless=True) as browser:
        page = browser.new_page()
        page.goto("https://example.com")
        page.get_by_label("Search").fill("visus")

# Or render a report from a saved zip later:
tracing.render_report("run.zip", "report.html")
# Global toggles: tracing.enable() / tracing.disable() / tracing.is_enabled()

Async API

visus.web.async_api is a 100% mirror of the synchronous surface — same method names, same parameter names — so porting sync code is a mechanical await insertion. The rule:

• Builders stay sync (get_by_* / locator / first / last / nth / filter / frame_locator) and so do zero-I/O accessors (page.handle / page.is_closed / page.context / browser.contexts / page.mouse / page.keyboard / page.field / page.field_locator) — they never touch the browser.
• Everything that reaches the live browser is await-able and runs in a thread, so the event loop never blocks.

import asyncio
from visus.web.async_api import launch, expect

async def main():
    async with await launch(headless=True) as browser:
        page = await browser.new_page()
        await page.goto("https://example.com/login")
        await page.get_by_label("Email").fill("[e-mail]")     # builder sync, fill async
        await page.get_by_role("button", name="Sign in").click()
        await expect(page.get_by_text("Welcome")).to_be_visible()

asyncio.run(main())

Everything the sync API offers is here too — RPA, tracing, the field enumerator, low-level mouse/keyboard, captcha solving, popup/dialog/download capture, and multi-tab navigation:

from visus.web.async_api import rpa

async def login():
    # batteries-included: launch + record + report + summary, all handled
    async with rpa("login", engine="chrome", headless=True) as page:
        await page.goto("https://example.com/login")

        # field enumerator — act by number, like the CLI
        for f in await page.list_fields():
            if f.name == "Username":
                await page.field(f.index).fill("ada")

        # low-level input devices
        await page.mouse.click(120, 240)
        await page.keyboard.press("Control+a")

        # event capture (context managers propagate errors just like sync)
        async with page.expect_popup() as popup:
            await page.get_by_role("link", name="Terms").click()
        await popup.value.close()

        # multi-tab: page.context reaches the other tabs
        handles = {p.handle for p in await page.context.pages()}

Exports: launch, rpa, expect, Engine, errors, tracing, Field, Dialog, Download, ConsoleMessage, AsyncBrowser, AsyncContext, AsyncPage, AsyncLocator, AsyncFrameLocator, AsyncLocatorAssertions, AsyncPageAssertions, AsyncNetworkResponse, AsyncMouse, AsyncKeyboard.

pytest plugin

Installing visus-web registers a pytest plugin with ready-made fixtures — no conftest needed:

def test_login(visus_page):                  # fresh page per test, isolated context
    visus_page.goto("https://example.com/login")
    visus_page.get_by_label("User").fill("ada")
    visus_page.get_by_role("button", name="Sign in").click()
    # on failure a screenshot lands in visus-results/<test-id>.png

pytest --visus-engine=firefox --visus-headed --visus-output=artifacts

• visus_browser (session-scoped), visus_context and visus_page (per-test, isolated)
• Screenshot on failure saved to --visus-output (default visus-results/)
• Soft assertions (expect.soft) are verified automatically at the end of each test

---

Engines

Pass a string or the Engine enum to launch() / rpa() / the CLI --engine / the MCP VISUS_WEB_ENGINE env var.

String	Engine member	Browser	Notes
"chrome"	Engine.CHROME	Google Chrome / Chromium	Default. Full feature set (PDF, CDP network controls).
"edge"	Engine.EDGE	Microsoft Edge	Chromium-based; same features as Chrome.
"firefox"	Engine.FIREFOX	Mozilla Firefox	No CDP-only features (PDF / network controls).
"edge_ie"	Engine.EDGE_IE	Edge in IE mode (Trident)	Windows-only; for legacy corporate apps. See env vars below.

Drivers are resolved automatically by Selenium Manager.

---

Configuration & environment variables

Default timeouts (visus.web.config.Defaults, all in ms): action_timeout_ms = 30_000, navigation_timeout_ms = 30_000, expect_timeout_ms = 5_000. Override per call with timeout=<ms>.

Variable	Used by	Default	Purpose
VISUS_WEB_ENGINE	MCP & CLI session	chrome	Browser engine for the daemon/MCP session.
VISUS_WEB_HEADLESS	MCP & CLI session	1 (MCP)	"0" to run headed.
VISUS_WEB_URL	CLI session	—	Initial URL opened when the daemon starts.
VISUS_WEB_TOKEN	CLI session	auto	Auth token for the local daemon socket.
VISUS_WEB_TRACING	tracing	off	Enable tracing globally without code.
VISUS_WEB_EDGE_BINARY	edge_ie	default install path	Path to msedge.exe.
VISUS_WEB_IE_DRIVER	edge_ie	auto	Explicit IEDriverServer path (wins over auto-resolve).
VISUS_WEB_IE_DRIVER_VERSION	edge_ie	4.0.0	Pinned IEDriverServer version (4.8+ can't attach to modern Edge).
VISUS_WEB_IE_TIMEOUT	edge_ie	45	Seconds before the launch watchdog fails fast with a clear error.

---

Error handling

All exceptions live in visus.web.errors and subclass VisusWebError:

from visus.web import rpa, errors

try:
    with rpa("flow", reraise=True) as page:   # reraise=True surfaces the error
        page.goto("https://example.com")
        page.get_by_role("button", name="Nope").click()
except errors.VisusTimeoutError:
    print("element never became actionable")
except errors.VisusWebError as exc:
    print(f"automation failed: {exc}")

Exception	Raised when
VisusWebError	Base class for all visus.web errors.
UnsupportedEngineError	An unknown engine string was requested.
VisusTimeoutError	An operation exceeded its deadline (action/navigation/expect).
NavigationError	A navigation failed.
TargetClosedError	The page/context/browser is already closed.
StrictModeViolation	A strict locator matched more than one element.
ElementNotFoundError	A locator resolved to zero elements where one was required.

Without reraise=True, rpa() catches a failed step, writes the report, prints a friendly summary, and exits non-zero — so a failure is always debuggable from report.html.

---

Project layout

visus-framework-web/
├── src/visus/web/              # library code (PEP 420 namespace: no __init__.py in src/visus/)
│   ├── __init__.py             # public API: launch, rpa, expect, Engine, Browser, Context, Page, Field
│   ├── rpa.py                  # rpa() batteries-included context manager
│   ├── engine.py               # Engine enum (chrome / edge / firefox / edge_ie)
│   ├── config.py               # Defaults (timeouts)
│   ├── errors.py               # exception hierarchy
│   ├── tracing.py              # tracing.record / enable / disable / render_report
│   ├── api/                    # engine-agnostic public surface
│   │   ├── page.py             # Page
│   │   ├── locator.py          # Locator
│   │   ├── frame_locator.py    # FrameLocator
│   │   ├── assertions.py       # expect() + LocatorAssertions
│   │   ├── browser.py          # Browser
│   │   ├── context.py          # Context
│   │   ├── fields.py           # Field dataclass
│   │   ├── input.py            # Mouse, Keyboard
│   │   └── events.py           # Dialog, Download
│   ├── async_api/              # async facade (AsyncPage, AsyncLocator, …)
│   ├── vision/                 # OCR + image matching ([vision] extra)
│   ├── backends/               # Selenium engine (all selenium.* confined here) + browser drivers
│   ├── cli/                    # the `visus` CLI + persistent session daemon
│   ├── mcp/                    # the visus-web-mcp server (45 tools)
│   └── observability/          # run recording + HTML report rendering
├── examples/                   # demo_rpa.py, login.py, login_rpa.py, login_mcp.py, dolar.py
├── skills/                     # using-visus-web, developing-visus-web (agent/contributor guides)
├── tests/                      # pytest suite (parallel, real headless-Chrome integration)
├── TESTING.md
├── LICENSE
└── pyproject.toml

---

Development & testing

git clone https://github.com/matheuszwilk/visus-framework-web.git
cd visus-framework-web

uv venv && uv pip install -e ".[dev,vision,mcp,cli]"
uv run pytest -q          # parallel (xdist), real headless-Chrome integration tests
uv run ruff check src tests && uv run mypy

See TESTING.md for the test matrix (including the Edge IE-mode end-to-end tests) and the skills/ directory for the agent-facing usage playbook (using-visus-web) and contributor guide (developing-visus-web).

---

License

Proprietary — all rights reserved. You may install and use visus-web as a dependency in your own projects, but copying the source, redistributing, modifying, or reverse engineering it is not permitted. See LICENSE for the full terms. For commercial or redistribution licenses, contact the author.