xapian-model 0.4.1

A generic Python ORM-like base class for building models backed by Xapiand

xapian_model

A generic Python ORM-like base class for building models backed by Xapiand, a distributed search engine. Part of the Dubalu Framework.

Features

• Fully async — All Xapiand operations use async/await (powered by pyxapiand>=2.1.0 and httpx).
• BaseXapianModel — Base class with attribute interception, save/delete operations, and template-based dynamic index naming.
• Manager — Descriptor-based manager providing create(), get(), and filter() query methods.
• SearchResults — Dataclass wrapping search results with total counts and aggregations.
• Schema auto-provisioning — Automatically provisions the schema on first write.

Installation

pip install xapian-model

Dependencies

Requires pyxapiand 2.1.0+ (async client):

pip install "pyxapiand>=2.1.0"

Quick Start

import asyncio
from xapian_model.base import BaseXapianModel

class Product(BaseXapianModel):
    INDEX_TEMPLATE = "products/{store_id}"
    SCHEMA = {
        "name": {"_type": "text"},
        "price": {"_type": "float"},
        "active": {"_type": "boolean", "_default": True},
    }

async def main():
    # Create a product
    product = await Product.objects.create(store_id="store1", name="Widget", price=9.99)

    # Retrieve by ID
    product = await Product.objects.get(id="abc123", store_id="store1")

    # Search
    results = await Product.objects.filter(query="widget", store_id="store1", limit=10)
    for item in results.results:
        print(item.name, item.price)

    # Update and save
    product.price = 12.99
    await product.save()

    # Delete
    await product.delete()

asyncio.run(main())

Defining a Model

Subclass BaseXapianModel and define INDEX_TEMPLATE and SCHEMA:

• INDEX_TEMPLATE — Format string for the Xapiand index path. Placeholders (e.g. {category}) are filled at runtime from keyword arguments passed to the manager methods.
• SCHEMA — Dict describing the field types. Include _foreign to use a foreign schema stored at a separate path, and _type to declare the schema type.

from xapian_model.base import BaseXapianModel


class Product(BaseXapianModel):
    INDEX_TEMPLATE = "/products/{category}"
    SCHEMA = {
        "_type": "foreign/object",
        "_foreign": "/schemas/product",
        "name": {"_type": "text"},
        "price": {"_type": "float"},
        "tags": {"_type": "keyword"},
    }

On the first write Xapiand returns a 412 Precondition Failed because no schema exists yet. The Manager catches this and retries the request with _schema attached, which provisions the foreign schema automatically:

{
  "name": "Smartphone X",
  "price": 599.99,
  "tags": "mobile",
  "_schema": {
    "_type": "foreign/object",
    "_foreign": "schemas/product",
    "name": {"_type": "text"},
    "price": {"_type": "float"},
    "tags": {"_type": "keyword"}
  }
}

Subsequent writes to the same index hit Xapiand directly without the schema overhead.

CRUD operations

import asyncio


async def main():
    # Create
    product = await Product.objects.create(
        category="electronics",
        id="phone-1",
        name="Smartphone X",
        price=599.99,
        tags="mobile",
    )

    # Get by ID
    product = await Product.objects.get(id="phone-1", category="electronics")

    # Search
    results = await Product.objects.filter(category="electronics", query="Smartphone")
    for hit in results.results:
        print(hit.name, hit.price)

    # Update
    product.price = 499.99
    await product.save()

    # Delete
    await product.delete()


asyncio.run(main())

Requirements

• Python 3.12+
• pyxapiand >= 2.1.0
• Xapiand server

License

MIT — Copyright (c) 2026 Dubalu International