xsd2rdf 1.1.1

Generates OWL, SHACL shapes and SKOS concepts from XML Schema (XSD) files

XSD2RDF

A tool to convert XML Schema (XSD) files into various RDF formats (SHACL, OWL, SKOS) with integrated validation capabilities.

Overview

XSD2RDF allows you to convert XML Schema definitions into:

• SHACL (Shapes Constraint Language) for RDF data validation
• OWL (Web Ontology Language) for ontology representation
• SKOS (Simple Knowledge Organization System) for concept schemes and taxonomies

Features

• Convert XSD to SHACL, OWL, and SKOS based on integrated principles
• SHACL shape constraints are linked to SKOS concept schemes when applicable
• Handle complex XSD structures (choices, unions, complex types, enumerations, etc.)
• SHACL shapes are validated according to SHACL-SHACL

This repository also includes a validation script to check RDF data against the generated SHACL shapes and SKOS concepts.

Installation

From PyPI

pip install xsd2rdf

From Source

git clone https://github.com/YourUsername/xsd2rdf.git
cd xsd2rdf
python -m pip install poetry
poetry install

Basic Usage

Convert an XSD file to all RDF formats (SHACL, OWL, SKOS):

python -m xsd2rdf -x path/to/schema.xsd

This generates the following files:

• schema.xsd.shape.ttl (SHACL shapes)
• schema.xsd.owl.ttl (OWL ontology)
• schema.xsd.*.skos.ttl (SKOS concept schemes, one file per enumeration)

Command Line Parameters

• -x, --XSD_FILE: XSD file to be converted
• -f, --FOLDER: Folder containing non-related XSD files to be converted
• -o, --OUTPUT_DIR: Output directory for generated files (default: same as XSD file)
• -a, --ABBREVIATIONS_FILE: File containing custom abbreviations, one per line
• -d, --debug: Enable debug output
• -nc, --namespaced-concepts: Use namespaced IRIs for SKOS concepts

Either -x or -f must be specified, but not both. If both are specified, -x takes precedence.

SKOS IRI Options

By default, SKOS concept IRIs are created using a flat structure:

targetnamespace/concepts/conceptschemename_conceptname

With the --namespaced-concepts flag, concepts use a hierarchical structure:

targetnamespace/concepts/conceptschemename/conceptname

Examples

With custom output directory:

python -m xsd2rdf  -x path/to/schema.xsd -o output/directory

With folder containing multiple unrelated XSD files:

python -m xsd2rdf -f path/to/folder

Using a custom abbreviations file:

python -m xsd2rdf -x path/to/schema.xsd -a path/to/abbreviations.txt

A practical way to generate a list of abbreviations on a Windows machine using Powershell is with this command:

 Select-String -Path "c:\Users\mathi\Git\era\xsd2rdf\debug\SFERA_v3.00.xsd" -Pattern "\b[A-Z]{2,}\b" -AllMatches | ForEach-Object { $_.Matches } | ForEach-Object { $_.Value } | Where-Object { $_ -cmatch "^[A-Z]{2,}$" } | Sort-Object -Unique | Where-Object { $_.Length -ge 2 -and $_.Length -le 10 }

Using namespaced concept IRIs:

python -m xsd2rdf -x path/to/schema.xsd --namespaced-concepts

The abbreviations file should contain one abbreviation per line. These abbreviations will be preserved as uppercase when creating human-readable labels from camelCase or PascalCase strings.

Validation

This feature is only available from source as it is meant for development purposes.

Prerequisites:

• Create sample data for validation schema.xsd.shape.ttl in the same directory as the xsd file

To validate RDF data against SHACL shapes with SKOS concepts:

python shacl-validation.py path/to/schema.xsd

This result will:

1. Load the data from schema.xsd.sample.ttl
2. Include all related SKOS files (schema.xsd.*.skos.ttl)
3. Perform validation using the generated SHACL shapes (schema.xsd.shape.ttl)
4. Report results in the command line

Example

Converting an XSD file with enumerations:

python -m xsd2rdf xsd2rdf -x comparison/enumerations.xsd

Validating data using generated shapes and concepts:

python shacl-validation.py comparison/enumerations.xsd

Wiki Pages

Some wiki pages explain the inner workings of the convertor and the list of mapping rules implemented within the tool.

License

EUPL 1.2