mlx-tune 0.4.7

MLX-powered LLM/VLM/TTS/STT fine-tuning for Apple Silicon - Unsloth-compatible API for Mac

Fine-tune LLMs, Vision, and Audio models on your Mac
SFT, DPO, GRPO, Vision, TTS, and STT fine-tuning — natively on MLX. Unsloth-compatible API.

Documentation · Quick Start · Training Methods · Examples · Status

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[!NOTE] Name Change: This project was originally called unsloth-mlx. Since it's not an official Unsloth project and to avoid any confusion, it has been renamed to mlx-tune. The vision remains the same — bringing the Unsloth experience to Mac users via MLX. If you were using unsloth-mlx, simply switch to pip install mlx-tune and update your imports from unsloth_mlx to mlx_tune.

[!NOTE] Why I Built This (A Personal Note)

I rely on Unsloth for my daily fine-tuning on cloud GPUs—it's the gold standard for me. But recently, I started working on a MacBook M4 and hit a friction point: I wanted to prototype locally on my Mac, then scale up to the cloud without rewriting my entire training script.

Since Unsloth relies on Triton (which Macs don't have, yet), I couldn't use it locally. I built mlx-tune to solve this specific "Context Switch" problem. It wraps Apple's native MLX framework in an Unsloth-compatible API.

The goal isn't to replace Unsloth or claim superior performance. The goal is code portability: allowing you to write FastLanguageModel code once on your Mac, test it, and then push that exact same script to a CUDA cluster. It solves a workflow problem, not just a hardware one.

This is an "unofficial" project built by a fan, for fans who happen to use Macs. It's helping me personally, and if it helps others like me, then I'll have my satisfaction.

Why MLX-Tune?

Bringing the Unsloth experience to Mac users via Apple's MLX framework.

• 🚀 Fine-tune LLMs, VLMs, TTS & STT locally on your Mac (M1/M2/M3/M4/M5)
• 💾 Leverage unified memory (up to 512GB on Mac Studio)
• 🔄 Unsloth-compatible API - your existing training scripts just work!
• 📦 Export anywhere - HuggingFace format, GGUF for Ollama/llama.cpp
• 🎙️ Audio fine-tuning - Orpheus TTS (SNAC codec) + Whisper STT

# Unsloth (CUDA)                        # MLX-Tune (Apple Silicon)
from unsloth import FastLanguageModel   from mlx_tune import FastLanguageModel
from trl import SFTTrainer              from mlx_tune import SFTTrainer

# Rest of your code stays exactly the same!

What This Is (and Isn't)

This is NOT a replacement for Unsloth or an attempt to compete with it. Unsloth is incredible - it's the gold standard for efficient LLM fine-tuning on CUDA.

This IS a bridge for Mac users who want to:

• 🧪 Prototype locally - Experiment with fine-tuning before committing to cloud GPU costs
• 📚 Learn & iterate - Develop your training pipeline with fast local feedback loops
• 🔄 Then scale up - Move to cloud NVIDIA GPUs + original Unsloth for production training

Local Mac (MLX-Tune)       →     Cloud GPU (Unsloth)
   Prototype & experiment          Full-scale training
   Small datasets                  Large datasets
   Quick iterations                Production runs

Project Status

🚀 v0.4.7 - Audio fine-tuning (TTS + STT), post-training workflow, track-based docs

Feature	Status	Notes
SFT Training	✅ Stable	Native MLX training
Model Loading	✅ Stable	Any HuggingFace model (quantized & non-quantized)
Save/Export	✅ Stable	HF format, GGUF (see limitations)
DPO Training	✅ Stable	Full DPO loss
ORPO Training	✅ Stable	Full ORPO loss
GRPO Training	✅ Stable	Multi-generation + reward
KTO/SimPO	✅ Stable	Proper loss implementations
Chat Templates	✅ Stable	15 models (llama, gemma, qwen, phi, mistral)
Response-Only Training	✅ Stable	train_on_responses_only()
Multi-turn Merging	✅ Stable	to_sharegpt() + conversation_extension
Column Mapping	✅ Stable	apply_column_mapping() auto-rename
Dataset Config	✅ Stable	HFDatasetConfig structured loading
Vision Models	✅ Stable	Full VLM fine-tuning via mlx-vlm
TTS Fine-Tuning	✅ NEW	Orpheus-3B via SNAC audio codec
STT Fine-Tuning	✅ NEW	Whisper with encoder-decoder LoRA
convert()	✅ NEW	HF → MLX conversion (LLM, TTS, STT)
push_to_hub()	✅ NEW	Upload to HuggingFace Hub
PyPI Package	✅ Available	uv pip install mlx-tune

Installation

# Using uv (recommended - faster and more reliable)
uv pip install mlx-tune

# With audio support (TTS/STT fine-tuning)
uv pip install 'mlx-tune[audio]'

# Or using pip
pip install mlx-tune

# From source (for development)
git clone https://github.com/ARahim3/mlx-tune.git
cd mlx-tune
uv pip install -e .

Quick Start

from mlx_tune import FastLanguageModel, SFTTrainer, SFTConfig
from datasets import load_dataset

# Load any HuggingFace model (1B model for quick start)
model, tokenizer = FastLanguageModel.from_pretrained(
    model_name="mlx-community/Llama-3.2-1B-Instruct-4bit",
    max_seq_length=2048,
    load_in_4bit=True,
)

# Add LoRA adapters
model = FastLanguageModel.get_peft_model(
    model,
    r=16,
    target_modules=["q_proj", "k_proj", "v_proj", "o_proj"],
    lora_alpha=16,
)

# Load a dataset (or create your own)
dataset = load_dataset("yahma/alpaca-cleaned", split="train[:100]")

# Train with SFTTrainer (same API as TRL!)
trainer = SFTTrainer(
    model=model,
    train_dataset=dataset,
    tokenizer=tokenizer,
    args=SFTConfig(
        output_dir="outputs",
        per_device_train_batch_size=2,
        learning_rate=2e-4,
        max_steps=50,
    ),
)
trainer.train()

# Save (same API as Unsloth!)
model.save_pretrained("lora_model")  # Adapters only
model.save_pretrained_merged("merged", tokenizer)  # Full model
model.save_pretrained_gguf("model", tokenizer)  # GGUF (see note below)

[!NOTE] GGUF Export: Works with non-quantized base models. If using a 4-bit model (like above), see Known Limitations for workarounds.

Chat Templates & Response-Only Training

from mlx_tune import get_chat_template, train_on_responses_only

# Apply chat template (supports llama-3, gemma, qwen, phi, mistral, etc.)
tokenizer = get_chat_template(tokenizer, chat_template="llama-3")

# Or auto-detect from model name
tokenizer = get_chat_template(tokenizer, chat_template="auto")

# Train only on responses (not prompts) - more efficient!
trainer = train_on_responses_only(
    trainer,
    instruction_part="<|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>\n\n",
    response_part="<|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>\n\n",
)

Vision Model Fine-Tuning (NEW!)

Fine-tune vision-language models like Qwen3.5 on image+text tasks:

from mlx_tune import FastVisionModel, UnslothVisionDataCollator, VLMSFTTrainer
from mlx_tune.vlm import VLMSFTConfig

# Load a vision model
model, processor = FastVisionModel.from_pretrained(
    "mlx-community/Qwen3.5-0.8B-bf16",
)

# Add LoRA (same params as Unsloth!)
model = FastVisionModel.get_peft_model(
    model,
    finetune_vision_layers=True,
    finetune_language_layers=True,
    r=16, lora_alpha=16,
)

# Train on image-text data
FastVisionModel.for_training(model)
trainer = VLMSFTTrainer(
    model=model,
    tokenizer=processor,
    data_collator=UnslothVisionDataCollator(model, processor),
    train_dataset=dataset,
    args=VLMSFTConfig(max_steps=30, learning_rate=2e-4),
)
trainer.train()

See examples/10_qwen35_vision_finetuning.py for the full workflow, or examples/11_qwen35_text_finetuning.py for text-only fine-tuning on Qwen3.5.

TTS Fine-Tuning (NEW!)

Fine-tune text-to-speech models like Orpheus-3B using the SNAC audio codec:

from mlx_tune import FastTTSModel, TTSSFTTrainer, TTSSFTConfig, TTSDataCollator
from datasets import load_dataset, Audio

# Load TTS model + SNAC codec
model, tokenizer = FastTTSModel.from_pretrained("mlx-community/orpheus-3b-0.1-ft-bf16")
model = FastTTSModel.get_peft_model(model, r=16, lora_alpha=16)

# Train on audio data
dataset = load_dataset("MrDragonFox/Elise", split="train[:100]")
dataset = dataset.cast_column("audio", Audio(sampling_rate=24000))

trainer = TTSSFTTrainer(
    model=model, tokenizer=tokenizer,
    data_collator=TTSDataCollator(model, tokenizer),
    train_dataset=dataset,
    args=TTSSFTConfig(output_dir="./tts_output", max_steps=60),
)
trainer.train()

# Generate speech
FastTTSModel.for_inference(model)
audio = model.generate("Hello, how are you?")

See examples/12_orpheus_tts_finetuning.py for the full workflow.

STT Fine-Tuning (NEW!)

Fine-tune Whisper speech-to-text models with encoder-decoder LoRA:

from mlx_tune import FastSTTModel, STTSFTTrainer, STTSFTConfig, STTDataCollator

# Load Whisper model
model, processor = FastSTTModel.from_pretrained("mlx-community/whisper-tiny-asr-fp16")
model = FastSTTModel.get_peft_model(model, r=8, finetune_encoder=True, finetune_decoder=True)

# Train on transcription data
trainer = STTSFTTrainer(
    model=model, tokenizer=processor,
    data_collator=STTDataCollator(model, processor),
    train_dataset=dataset,
    args=STTSFTConfig(output_dir="./stt_output", max_steps=60),
)
trainer.train()

# Transcribe audio
FastSTTModel.for_inference(model)
text = model.transcribe("audio.wav")

See examples/13_whisper_stt_finetuning.py for the full workflow.

Post-Training Workflow

All model types (LLM, VLM, TTS, STT) support the full post-training workflow:

# Save LoRA adapters
model.save_pretrained("./adapters")

# Merge LoRA into base model
model.save_pretrained_merged("./merged")

# Convert HF model to MLX format
FastLanguageModel.convert("model-name", mlx_path="./mlx_model")

# Push to HuggingFace Hub
model.push_to_hub("username/my-model")

Supported Training Methods

Method	Trainer	Implementation	Use Case
SFT	SFTTrainer	✅ Native MLX	Instruction fine-tuning
DPO	DPOTrainer	✅ Native MLX	Preference learning (proper log-prob loss)
ORPO	ORPOTrainer	✅ Native MLX	Combined SFT + odds ratio preference
GRPO	GRPOTrainer	✅ Native MLX	Reasoning with multi-generation (DeepSeek R1 style)
KTO	KTOTrainer	✅ Native MLX	Kahneman-Tversky optimization
SimPO	SimPOTrainer	✅ Native MLX	Simple preference optimization
VLM SFT	VLMSFTTrainer	✅ Native MLX	Vision-Language model fine-tuning
TTS SFT	TTSSFTTrainer	✅ Native MLX	Text-to-Speech (Orpheus + SNAC codec)
STT SFT	STTSFTTrainer	✅ Native MLX	Speech-to-Text (Whisper encoder-decoder)

Examples

Check examples/ for working code:

• Basic model loading and inference (01–07)
• Complete SFT fine-tuning pipeline (08)
• RL training methods — DPO, GRPO, ORPO (09)
• Vision model fine-tuning — Qwen3.5 (10–11)
• TTS fine-tuning — Orpheus-3B (12)
• STT fine-tuning — Whisper (13)

Requirements

• Hardware: Apple Silicon Mac (M1/M2/M3/M4/M5)
• OS: macOS 13.0+
• Memory: 8GB+ unified RAM (16GB+ recommended)
• Python: 3.9+

Comparison with Unsloth

Feature	Unsloth (CUDA)	MLX-Tune
Platform	NVIDIA GPUs	Apple Silicon
Backend	Triton Kernels	MLX Framework
Memory	VRAM (limited)	Unified (up to 512GB)
API	Original	100% Compatible
Best For	Production training	Local dev, large models

Known Limitations

GGUF Export from Quantized Models

The Issue: GGUF export (save_pretrained_gguf) doesn't work directly with quantized (4-bit) base models. This is a known limitation in mlx-lm, not an mlx-tune bug.

What Works:

• ✅ Training with quantized models (QLoRA) - works perfectly
• ✅ Saving adapters (save_pretrained) - works
• ✅ Saving merged model (save_pretrained_merged) - works
• ✅ Inference with trained model - works
• ❌ GGUF export from quantized base model - mlx-lm limitation

Workarounds:

1. Use a non-quantized base model (recommended for GGUF export):

   # Use fp16 model instead of 4-bit
   model, tokenizer = FastLanguageModel.from_pretrained(
       model_name="mlx-community/Llama-3.2-1B-Instruct",  # NOT -4bit
       max_seq_length=2048,
       load_in_4bit=False,  # Train in fp16
   )
   # Train normally, then export
   model.save_pretrained_gguf("model", tokenizer)  # Works!
   

2. Dequantize during export (results in large fp16 file):

   model.save_pretrained_gguf("model", tokenizer, dequantize=True)
   # Then re-quantize with llama.cpp:
   # ./llama-quantize model.gguf model-q4_k_m.gguf Q4_K_M
   

3. Skip GGUF, use MLX format: If you only need the model for MLX/Python inference, just use save_pretrained_merged() - no GGUF needed.

Related Issues:

• mlx-lm #353 - MLX to GGUF conversion
• mlx-examples #1382 - Quantized to GGUF

Contributing

Contributions welcome! Areas that need help:

• Custom MLX kernels for even faster training
• More comprehensive test coverage (currently 60%, target 70%+)
• Testing on different M-series chips (M1, M2, M3, M4, M5)
• Additional TTS/STT model support (Sesame, Spark-TTS, distil-whisper)
• Batched RL training (currently single-sample)

License

Apache 2.0 - See LICENSE file.

Acknowledgments

• Unsloth - The original, incredible CUDA library
• MLX - Apple's ML framework
• MLX-LM - LLM utilities for MLX
• MLX-VLM - Vision model support
• MLX-Audio - Audio inference (TTS/STT) for MLX

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Community project, not affiliated with Unsloth AI or Apple.
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