postgresdb3 1.0.2

High-Performance Sync and Async PostgreSQL ORM for Python

PostgresDB3 - High-Performance Python ORM

PostgresDB3 — bu PostgreSQL uchun mo'ljallangan zamonaviy, tezkor va ham sinxron, ham asinxron ishlash imkoniyatiga ega bo'lgan ORM (Object-Relational Mapping) kutubxonasi.

U Django ORM kabi qulay va oson tushuniladi, lekin o'zida asinxronlik (asyncpg) va ko'plab yuqori texnologik xususiyatlarni mujassamlashtirgan. Kichik botlardan tortib, o'ta katta masshtabdagi (Highload) loyihalargacha bemalol ishlata olasiz!

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📦 O'rnatish

Kutubxonani o'rnatish uchun terminalda quyidagi buyruqni kiriting:

pip install postgresdb3

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🚀 Tezkor Boshlash

PostgresDB3 bir vaqtning o'zida ikkita dunyoni qo'llab-quvvatlaydi. Xohlasangiz Sinxron, xohlasangiz Asinxron loyihalarda bir xil sintaksis bilan ishlay olasiz.

1. Ulanishni sozlash

from postgresdb3 import PostgresDB, AsyncPostgresDB

# Sinxron ulanish (psycopg2 asosida)
db_sync = PostgresDB("my_db", "user", "password", host="localhost", port=5432, echo=True)

# Asinxron ulanish (asyncpg asosida)
db_async = AsyncPostgresDB("my_db", "user", "password", host="localhost", port=5432, echo=True)

(Eslatma: echo=True yoqilsa, barcha bajarilayotgan SQL so'rovlar terminalda ko'rinib turadi, bu debug uchun juda foydali).

2. Modellarni Yaratish

from postgresdb3.orm.models import Model, AsyncModel
from postgresdb3 import String, Integer, Float

# Sinxron model
Model.db = db_sync

class User(Model):
    name = String(length=50)
    age = Integer(default=18)
    score = Float(default=0.0)

# Asinxron model
AsyncModel.db = db_async

class AsyncUser(AsyncModel):
    name = String(length=50)
    age = Integer(default=18)
    score = Float(default=0.0)

    # Qo'shimcha sozlamalar (Murakkab Indekslar)
    class Meta:
        unique_together = (("name", "age"),) # Ism va yosh bir xil takrorlanmasligi kerak
        index_together = (("score",),)       # Qidiruvni tezlashtirish uchun index

3. CRUD (Yaratish, O'qish, Yangilash, O'chirish)

Sinxron:

# Yaratish
user = User.create(name="Ali", age=25)

# Barchasini olish
users = User.all()

# Qidirish
user = User.query().filter(name="Ali").first()

# Yangilash
user.score = 99.5
user.save()

# O'chirish
user.delete()

Asinxron:

# Yaratish
user = await AsyncUser.create(name="Vali", age=22)

# Barchasini olish
users = await AsyncUser.all()

# Qidirish
user = await AsyncUser.query().filter(name="Vali").first()

# Yangilash
user.score = 100.0
await user.save()

# O'chirish
await user.delete()

4. Raw SQL dan Model Olish

Ba'zida juda murakkab yoki spesifik SQL yozishga to'g'ri keladi. Shunday paytda u oddiy dict emas, to'g'ridan to'g'ri Model obyekti bo'lib qaytishi kerak:

# Sinxron
users = User.raw_sql("SELECT * FROM users WHERE age > %s", 20)
print(users[0].name) # Bu Model Obyekti!

# Asinxron
users = await AsyncUser.raw_sql("SELECT * FROM asyncusers WHERE age > $1", 20)

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🔄 Migratsiya (Django uslubida)

Siz o'z loyihangiz papkasida bitta manage.py yaratib olib, jadvallarni SQL o'qib-o'tirmasdan terminal orqali avtomatik yangilab borishingiz mumkin.

manage.py yaratamiz:

import sys
from postgresdb3 import execute_from_command_line
from myapp.models import db_sync  # 1. Sizning bazaga ulangan db obyektingiz

# 2. DIQQAT: Migratsiya dvigateli modellarni ko'rishi uchun 
# ularni albatta import qilib qo'yishingiz SHART!
from myapp.models import User, Post, Tag 

if __name__ == "__main__":
    execute_from_command_line(db_sync, sys.argv)

Terminalda:

# 1. Modellar asosida migratsiya faylini tayyorlash
python manage.py makemigrations initial_setup

# 2. Bazaga jadvallarni qo'shish
python manage.py migrate

# 3. Oxirgi migratsiyani bekor qilish va qaytarish (Rollback)
python manage.py undo

Tizim jadval qo'shish, ustunlarni o'zgartirish va Meta klassidagi indekslarni avtomatik o'zi hal qiladi! Xato qilsangiz, undo orqali bir soniyada hammasini orqaga qaytara olasiz.

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🔍 Murakkab Qidiruv va Filtrlar (Q va F)

Q Obyekti (Murakkab shartlar - AND, OR):

from postgresdb3 import Q

# OR (|) sharti
users = User.query().filter(Q(age__gt=20) | Q(name="Ali")).all()

# AND (&) sharti
users = User.query().filter(Q(age__lt=30) & Q(score__gt=50)).all()

F Obyekti (Ustunlarni bir-biriga solishtirish yoki yangilash):

from postgresdb3 import F

# Yoshiga nisbatan score'i katta bo'lganlarni izlash
users = User.query().filter(score__gt=F("age")).all()

# Barchaning balini bazaning o'zida +10 ga oshirish
User.query().update(score=F("score") + 10)

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🔗 Aloqalar (Relations) va N+1 Yechimi

Loyiha ForeignKey, OneToOneField va ManyToManyField kabi turlarni to'liq qo'llab-quvvatlaydi.

from postgresdb3 import ForeignKey, ManyToManyField

class Post(Model):
    title = String(length=100)
    author = ForeignKey(User, related_name="posts")

class Tag(Model):
    name = String(length=50)
    posts = ManyToManyField(Post, related_name="tags")

N+1 xatoligini chetlab o'tish: Odatda chet el kalitlari bilan ishlaganda ko'plab ortiqcha so'rovlar yuzaga keladi. Bunga qarshi quyidagilardan foydalaning:

# ForeignKey uchun
posts = Post.query().select_related("author").all()
print(posts[0].author.name) # 1 ta SQL query bilan ish bitadi

# ManyToMany uchun
posts = Post.query().prefetch_related("tags").all()
for p in posts:
    print(p.tags) # N+1 muammosi bo'lmaydi

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📊 Katta Ma'lumotlar bilan Ishlash (Bulk & Pagination)

Ommaviy Yozish (Bulk Create): 10,000 ta obyekti birma-bir emas, bitta so'rov orqali kiritish:

users = [User(name=f"U-{i}", age=20) for i in range(10000)]
User.bulk_create(users)

Ommaviy Yangilash (Bulk Update):

users = User.all()
for u in users:
    u.age += 1
User.bulk_update(users, fields=["age"])

Sahifalash (Pagination): Foydalanuvchiga ma'lumotlarni qismlab (limit/offset bilan avtomatik) taqdim etish:

result = User.query().paginate(page=1, per_page=20)
print(result["total"])        # Jami elementlar soni
print(result["pages"])        # Jami sahifalar soni
print(result["has_next"])     # Keyingi sahifa bormi? (True/False)
print(result["data"])         # Modellar ro'yxati (20 ta)

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🛡 Tranzaksiyalar (Xavfsizlik)

Muhim operatsiyalar (masalan, pul o'tkazish) vaqtida xato yuz bersa, barcha qilingan ishlarni avtomatik bekor qilish (Rollback):

Sinxron:

with db_sync.transaction():
    user1.score -= 50
    user1.save()
    user2.score += 50
    user2.save()
    # Agar shu joyda qandaydir xatolik chiqsa, hech qaysi userning puli yechilmaydi!

Asinxron:

async with db_async.transaction():
    user1.score -= 50
    await user1.save()
    user2.score += 50
    await user2.save()

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📈 Agregatsiya (Sum, Avg, Min, Max, Count)

Baza orqali kalkulyatsiyalarni amalga oshirish:

from postgresdb3 import Sum, Avg, Max

result = User.query().aggregate(
    total_score=Sum("score"),
    avg_age=Avg("age"),
    max_score=Max("score")
)
print(result) # {'total_score': 1500, 'avg_age': 25, 'max_score': 100}

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Ushbu ORM kutubxonasi tezlik va xavfsizlikni birinchi o'ringa qoyuvchi mutaxassislar uchun maxsus qurilgan. Mazza qilib foydalaning!